Stages Of Atatchment

Question 1

Who was the study by ?

Answer 1

Schaffer and Emerson

Question 2

What type of study was it ?

Answer 2

Longitudinal

Question 3

Who was it on ?

Answer 3

60 working class new born infants and there mothers from Glasgow

Question 4

What was the procedure ?

Answer 4

They were visited at there own homes every month for the first year
And again after 18 months

Observations and interviews were used with mothers

Question 5

What are the 2 ways attachment is measured ?

Answer 5

Seperate on anxiety
And stranger anxiety

Question 6

What are the four stages of attachment ?

Answer 6

Asocial
Indiscriminate
Specific
Multiple

Question 7

Asocial

Answer 7

First few weeks infant behaviour to adults and objects is similar

Question 8

Indiscriminate

Answer 8

2-7 months they show preference to people but do not show stranger or separation anxiety

Question 9

Specific

Answer 9

Around 7 months they form attachments and show separation anxiety ,65% of cases had a specific attachment was with mother

Question 10

Multiple

Answer 10

Formed multiple attachments

At 17 months 75 % of children had an attachment with their father

Question 11

Separation anxiety

Answer 11

Infant being left alone in a room , or reasercher asking the mother how infant would react in this instance

Question 12

Stanger anxiety

Answer 12

Researcher starts each home visit by approaching the infant to see if this distressed the child

Researches asked the mother questions such as who the infants smiled at

Question 13

Schaffer and Emerson
Ao3 strength

Answer 13

High ecological validity
Carried out in own families homes
This makes it easier to generalise findings to in real life examples of attachment
As children behaviours is most likely to represent everday interactions
Increasing external validity

Question 14

Schaffer and Emerson
Ao3 weakness

Answer 14

Could be prone to social desirability

Mothers could have lied about child’s behaviour to present themselves in the best light

Mothers could have said that infants are more at attached than they actually are

Lacking internal validity

Question 15

schaffer and emmerson weakness Ao3 culture bias

Answer 15

Crtusuzed for being culture bias as sample used were all from glasgow difficult to generalise to other cultures

Eg psychologists studying non western culture where families often look after children found infants can form multiple attachments

Limiting external validity of research into stages of attachment As formation of attatchments may differ between cultures