Stages^ Flashcards
Schaffer & Emerson
families observed in home
mothers interviewed about baby’s reaction during separation
60 babies WC between 8m-6y (29G, 31B)
50% showed signs of separation anxiety (specific attachment)
by 10 months, 80% had specific attachment
12 months, multiple attachments
C- attachment develop in the early stages of life
The 4 Stages + Ages
Asocial (0-8 weeks)
Indiscriminate Attachment (2-7 months)
Specific Attachment / Discriminative (7-12 months)
Multiple Attachment (1 year …)
Asocial
0-8 weeks
Babies bond with objects and humans
show preference for familiar adults
happy with others
Indiscriminate Attachment
2-7 months
recognise, prefer familiar people
- smile more at them
accept comfort from most
Specific Attachment
Discriminative. 7-12 months
primary attachment to one
show separation and stranger anxiety
use familiar adults as a secure base
Multiple Attachment
1 year …
form secondary attachment
Good External Validity
Schaffer & Emerson
- most observations were made by parents during ordinary activities
- babies are not distracted by researchers, don’t cause anxiety
participant beh is normal
VS Good External Validity
mothers are not objective observers
biased of what they notice and report
- don’t see/ misremember when baby shows signs of anxiety
even if baby beh was normal, it could have been recorder inaccurately
Poor Evidence of Asocial
lacks validity of the measures used to assess
babies have poor co-ordination, mobile
if they feel anxiety, they would show it with subtle move, which is hard to observe
Babies may be asocial but cause of flawed methods they appear social
Real World Application
day care
Stage 1 and 2, day care is straightforward, babies can be comforted by any adult
starting with unfamiliar adults may be hard for specific att. stage
parents can plan their use of day care
