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Clin med cardiology > stable angina and diagnostics > Flashcards

stable angina and diagnostics Flashcards

1
Q

What is ischemia

A

Imbalance between oxygen supply and demand

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2
Q

What is the most common cause of atherosclerotic disease of coronary arteries

A

Ischemic heart disease

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3
Q

What is stable angina

A

Episodic clinical syndrome due to transient myocardial ischemia

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4
Q

How is CK beneficial when working up an MI

A

Quantifies the timing and degree

Rises 4-6 hours post MI
Baseline in 36-48 hours

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5
Q

What lab is more sensitive and specific than CK in regards to MIs

A

Troponin

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6
Q

What can troponin levels help diagnose

A

ACS
Risk stratify unstable angina

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7
Q

Why are serial cardiac troponin labs taken post MI

A

To distinguish between acute / chronic injury and MI

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8
Q

How do you distinguish between myocardial injury and myocardial infarction

A

evidence of ischemia

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9
Q

When is LDH elevated

A

with lack of oxygen

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10
Q

Which type of patients is LDH used more commonly on

A

shock / critically ill patients

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11
Q

What does CRP help with

A

helps predict mortality

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12
Q

What is increased CRP associated with

A

Atherosclerosis
CV events
Recurrent CV events

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13
Q

Where in the heart is BNP released from

A

ventricles

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14
Q

What does BNP measure

A

LV stress
*good marker for HF

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15
Q

What is a good BNP negative predictive value in CHF

A

<100

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16
Q

What is Doppler helpful with on US

A

Quantify the velocity of blood flow
valve gradiants
valve disease

17
Q

When is a TEE more useful than a TTE

A

Aortic dissection
thrombus
vegetations
posterior structures

18
Q

What is measured in the heart during stress testing

A

Chronotropic incompetence

19
Q

What drugs can be used for a stress test when a patient is immobile

A

dobutamine
Dipyramidole

20
Q

What test is the gold standard for atherosclerosis

A

Angiograms

21
Q

What is a type 1 MI

A

acute plaque rupture leads to ischemia and necrosis

22
Q

What is a type 2 MI

A

supply and demand mismatch

23
Q

What is a type 3 MI

A

Sudden cardiac death

24
Q

What is a type 4 MI

A

Procedure related, stent thrombosis

25
Q

What is a type 5 MI

26
Q

Which drug classes are best for ACS

A

Morphine
O2
Nitro
Aspirin
ACEi

27
Q

What anti-anginals are used with stable angina

A

beta blockers
calcium blockers (except nifedipine)
nitrates

28
Q

What type of medication give survival benefit post MI

Clin med cardiology (10 decks)

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