SSGB Chapter 6

Question 1

Which of the following is an input to Analysis phase?

Answer 1

COPQ

COPQ(Cost of poor quality) is an input to the Analysis phase of 6 sigma projects

Question 2

All the following are tools to Analysis phase EXCEPT?

Answer 2

Special and common cause of variation

Special and common cause of variation is an output to Analysis phase

Question 3

Which of the following is an output to six sigma - Analysis phase

Answer 3

Important causes of defect

Important causes of defect is an output from six sigma Analysis phase

Question 4

All the following are objectives of Analysis phase Except:

Answer 4

Creating run charts

Choice 1, choice 2 and choice 3 are objectives of the analysis phase

Question 5

A graphic representation of possible causes for any particular problem under study is also referred to as:

Answer 5

Fishbone diagram

Developed by Kaoru Ishikawa in 1960`s, Fishbone diagram is a graphic representation of possible causes for any particular problem under study.

Question 6

Which of the following is a tool to identify effects or consequences of a potential product or process failure

Answer 6

FMEA

FMEA is a tool to: - Identify effects or consequences of a potential product or process failure - Identify methods to eliminate or reduce the chance of a failure occurring

Question 7

Information from all the following are used for creation of FMEA except:

Answer 7

Control chart

Information from Process Map, Ishikawa Diagram and QFD are used in creation of FMEA

Question 8

Physical description of a failure is also called:

Answer 8

Failure mode

Failure modes are physical description of a failure. (e.g. let us consider a case study where the manufacturing department in our company has manufactured an ear thermometer which is used to register body temperature via the ear canal. So, one potential failure mode is “Thermometer not working properly.”)

Question 9

Which of the following corresponds to the Vital X’s or root causes for the problem identified

Answer 9

Failure cause

Failure causes: These are the low level bones of the Ishikawa diagram. They correspond to the Vital X’s or root causes for the problem identified. (e.g. it was determined that a failure cause for the problem is that the thermometer was not calibrated properly). Please note that for each effect, there could be more than one potential failure cause. Similarly there could be multiple effects for each failure cause.

Question 10

Impact of failure on the customer is also called:

Answer 10

Failure effect

Identify Potential failure effects: Failure effects are the impact of failure on the customer i.e. the “Y” variable (e.g. However, the thermometer registers wrong temperature than the actual temperature of the patient. So, the potential failure effect here is “Wrong Temperature registered.”) Please note that there could be more than one potential failure effect or Y variable.

Question 11

Possibility that a failure effect and its corresponding failure cause will occur in the current system is also called:

Answer 11

Occurrence rating

Determine the occurrence rating: Occurrence is a rating scale of the possibility that a failure effect and its corresponding failure cause will occur in the current system. This is done in a scale from 1 to 10: 1: failure very unlikely, 10: failure certain. (e.g. the team decides that measurement of wrong temperature due to wrong calibration of thermometer has a low occurrence and assign it a value of 4)

Question 12

Probability that current controls would be able to detect potential failure modes before the product is released to the customer is captured using:

Answer 12

Detection rating

Determine the Detection Rating: The detection rating corresponds to the probability that current controls would be able to detect potential failure modes before the product is released to the customer. This is done in a scale from 1 to 10: 1: will detect failure, 10: almost certain that it will not detect failure. (e.g. in this case, the team decides that there is a very low probability that current controls will detect error – hence they provide a low detection rating of 8)

Question 13

Rating corresponding to the seriousness of an effect is also called:

Answer 13

Severity rating

Determine the severity rating for the effect: Severity is a rating corresponding to the seriousness of an effect. This is done on a scale from 1 to 10: 1: failure has least impact, 10: failure has maximum impact. (e.g. the team decides that measuring of wrong temperature is a very critical issue and hence assigns a severity rating of 9)

Question 14

Risk Priority Number is a product of all the following except:

Answer 14

Risk Priority Number

RPN = Severity Rating * Occurrence Rating * Detection Rating

Question 15

When decisions are made about a population using sample data, we should use:

Answer 15

Hypothesis testing

Hypothesis testing is required when decisions are made about a population using sample data.