SS Test Flashcards
soldier; earned honor and land for protection
knight
500-1500
medieval
political system; loyal of vassals to kings or lords
feudalism
economic system; large estate; included fields, forests, pastures, church
manor
peasant; considered part of the manor
serf
persons with the authority to perform religious services
clergy
being expelled from membership of the church
excommunicated
association of trade or craftsmanship
guild
unpaid worker being trained in a craft
apprentice
code of honorable conduct; knight’s obligation
chivalry
lyrical poet who sing of romance and chivalry
troubadour
church’s expeditions to recapture the Holy Lands
Crusades
leader of the Crusades against Muslims
Pope Urban II
“Loin Heart” did not succeed in the third Crusade
King Richard I
greatest Muslim general of the middle ages
Saladin
limited the king’s power over the nobles
Magna Carta
1337-1453 (116); between England and France
Hundred Years’ War
killed 20 million European people in the 14th Century
Black Death
What were the reasons that the Church was so powerful during medieval times?
no other strong central governing body; wealthy landowners
What do peasants, escape, and a year and a day have to do with each other
Freedom
How was life in the towns different from life on the manor?
In towns, people exchange goods and services for money
Why is the Holy Land important?
It is sacred to all the great religions
Who were the first Christians to fight the Muslims for the Holy Land
the peasants
Kings and Popes often disagree; list their disagreements
who should be more powerful and who should have the power to appoint the bishop
As feudalism weakened, what did kings need in order to gain power?
They needed loyal troops in the military who are willing to fight for them
Under the system of feudalism, who was each person loyal to?
the person that is above you
The largest and most powerful religion in Western Europe during the middle ages was…
Christianity (da choich)
How could peasants improve their standard?
farming the lord,s field; winning good favor
What was the reason why Christians fought the Muslim Turks?
reopen the Holy Lands to Christian pilgrimage
What was the most helpful in growth of trade during the Middle Ages
Crusades; surplus of food, growth of towns’ movement
Which 2 nations was the Hundred Years’ War fought between?
France and England
Why was the Roman Catholic Church so powerful during the Middle Ages
There was political power and authority
What were the 2 causes of the Crusades?
wars fought between Muslims and Christians. Muslims conquered the Holy Lands, moved in, and didn’t let the Christians back in.
How was life in a town during the Middle Ages different from life on the manor?
manor- self sufficient, feudalism, no social mobility
towns- unrestricted trade, money, opportunity, no feudalism
What were 2 effects of the Crusades?
opening new trade markets, spread of culture led to the decline of feudalism and the growth of towns
——— greatest lords in Feudalism
kings and queens
All nobles and knights are their—– (pledge fealty in exchange for land)
vassals
—– into nobility (close relatives of the queen)
born
In place of payment to knights, issue —-
fiefs
——– fiefdoms for higher nobles in exchange for smaller land grants on them
protect
Use ——– to cultivate land and produce agriculture
peasants
b—–
p——
m—–
n—-
bishop
priest
monk
nun
—– into class
born
no chance for ————-
upward mobility
own no —–
land
not a part of ———
Feudalism
worked the land owned by ———
nobles
