SS 4:1 Flashcards
Boycott
to refuse to buy a good or service; a nonviolent form of protest
Repeal
to cancel or to take back
Militia
civilians (non-military people) serving as soldiers
Propaganda
A story/art which gives only one side of an argument or issue
Massacre
A slaughter/killing of people or animals
Retreat
to turn away from the fighting in a battle; whoever is still on the field is the winner/victor/ and can claim victory
Quartering
Housing or lodging for the soldiers/military
Coercive
forceful
Intolerable
unbearable
Smuggle
bring goods into a country illegally
Duties/Tariffs
taxes on imported or exported goods
Parliament
England’s lawmaking legislature; headed by the Prime Minister
Writes of Assistance
Search warrants that allowed tax collectors to search for smuggled goods
Salutary Neglect
not enforcing most laws governing the colonies
Rights vs. Liberty
Rights are rules of the way people are governed or what is allowed; liberty is freedom.
Commites of Correspondence
Method of communication between towns and colonies about how to challenge new British laws
Samuel Adams
Boston Leader who believed Parliament could not tax the colonists without permission
Stamp Act of 1765
Required colonists to pay for an official stamp when buying paper items
What happened in 1763?
(Hint: Beginning)
Great Britain won the French and Indian War and was in debt after all the other wars with France. Prime Minister George Grenville asked Parliament, England’s lawmaking legislature, to tax the colonists to help pay for the war debt and for the British Army stationed in North America.
1764- The Sugar Act
Sugar Act taxed sugar and molasses to raise money
British began arresting smugglers and searching ships for smuggled goods
Parliament’s actions upset/angered the colonists
James Otis and Samuel Adams argued that the colonists could not be taxed without the colonists’ consent/permission or representation in Parliament – NO TAXATION WITHOUT REPRESENTATION.
Samuel Adams founded the Committees of Correspondence to communicate to the towns in all the colonies. Think about how difficult it was to do that then.
What happened in 1765?
(Hint: Rules)
Colonists began to protest by boycotting (not buying) British goods
Stamp Act of 1765 taxed all paper items which required a stamp.
People who refused could be fined or sent to jail.
Colonists especially disliked this tax because it was a direct tax on the people.
Samuel Adams formed the Sons of Liberty as a protest for the hated Stamp Act. The Sons of Liberty used violence by tarring and feathering tax collectors and burned their houses.
Patrick Henry (VA House of Burgesses) argued against the Stamp Act – later said “Give me liberty or give me death.”
Stamp Act Congress – 9 of 13 colonies met in New York and declared that the act violated their rights! The colonies united now (Albany Plan - Join or Die cartoon).
What happened in 1766?
(Hint: Great Britain)
Great Britain repealed/cancelled the Stamp Act because the colonial boycott hurt their business.
Declaratory Act – stated that Parliament had the right to make all laws whatsoever – Great Britain was the boss!!
What happened in 1767?
(Hint: Townshend Acts)
Townshend Acts placed duties/taxes/tariffs on glass, lead, paper, paint, and tea
Colonists again boycott British goods
Daughters of Liberty supported the boycott.
British used Writs of Assistance, or search warrants, that gave the British power to enforce these acts.
What happened in 1768?
(Hint: Brittish)
British sent soldiers to Boston to restore order.
What happened in 1770?
(Hint: Boston Massacure)
Boston Massacre – March 5, 1770
5 colonists were killed (Crispus Attucks - first black casualty)
Soldiers were defended by John Adams and Josiah Quincy
They were found not guilty of murder (self-defense)
Paul Revere’s engraving, p. 109, helped fuel resentment toward the British. This was propaganda (biased/misleading).
Was it really a “massacre” (deliberate killing)? Did it depict events the way they really happened?
What happened in 1773?
(Hint: Tea Act)
Tea Act -
British repealed all the taxes except the one on tea
Allowed the British East India Co. to sell its tea cheaply to the colonists, hurting colonial tea business
Boston Tea Party – 340 chests of British tea were overthrown by colonists (Sons of Liberty) disguised as Indians; estimated damage in today’s money is $1,700,000.
Boston must be punished!
What happened in 1774?
(Hint: Corcive Acts)
Coercive Acts (“Intolerable Acts”)
Boston Harbor was closed until tea was paid
MA’s charter was cancelled
Quartering Act forced colonists to house British soldiers and had no right to say that they could not use their private homes (Today, the Third Amendment to the U.S. Constitution is in response to this act.)
King George III assigned General Thomas Gage to be the new governor of Massachusetts
First Continental Congress met in Philadelphia to discuss the Intolerable Acts, and all colonies except Georgia sent representatives (55 delegates)
What should the colonies do?
