Southern Colonies SS

Question 1

Southern Colonies

Answer 1

Maryland, Virgina, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia

Question 2

Proprietary Colonies

Answer 2

Owned by people/colonies

Question 3

Royal Colonies

Answer 3

Owned by the monarch/king or queen

Question 4

Charter

Answer 4

A written grant/document giving permission to start a colony

Question 5

Jamestown

Answer 5

The first permanent English colony in North America, began in 1607 along the James River in Virginia

Question 6

John Smith

Answer 6

English colonist who helped save the Jamestown colony from starvation in 1608; Captain John Smith became the leader of Jamestown in 1608. He took control of the colony and built a fort. He forced the settlers to work harder and to build better houses and rewarded the hard workers with food. He provided strong leadership, and his motto was “no work – no food.”

Question 7

Joint Stock

Answer 7

A business formed by a group of people who jointly make an investment and share in the profits and losses

Question 8

Pocahontas

Answer 8

Daughter of the Powhatan who married colonist John Rolfe, helping temporarily bring peace between the Powhatan people and the colonists

Question 9

John Rolfe

Answer 9

Jamestown colonist who married Pocahontas and made tobacco, a valuable cash crop.
John Rolfe arrived and discovered a sweet tobacco. Virginia finally began to make a profit from this cash crop. He married Pocahontas, daughter of the Powhatan Leader, in 1614. She died in England in 1617.

Question 10

Plantation

Answer 10

A large farm that usually specialized in growing one kind of crop and depended on enslaved labor

Question 11

Headright system

Answer 11

The Virginia company’s policy of granting 50 acers of land to settlers on the Jamestown colony

Question 12

Indentured Servant

Answer 12

A colonist who received free passage to America in exchange for working without pay for 4-7 years

Question 13

Bacons Rebelion

Answer 13

An attack led by Nathaniel Bacon against American Indians and a colonial government in Virginia in 1676;
Nathaniel Bacon led a group of indentured servants to attack American natives in 1676 and burned Jamestown. They protested high taxes.

Question 14

Toleration Act of 1649

Answer 14

A Maryland Law that made restricting the religious rights of Christians a crime; the first law guaranteeing religious freedom to be passed in America

Question 15

Olaudah Equiano

Answer 15

A slave who recorded his awful experiences as a slave in the narrative

Question 16

Slave codes

Answer 16

Law passed in the colonies to control slaves

Question 17

Dept

Answer 17

Money owed

Question 18

Debtor

Answer 18

Person who owns money

Question 19

The Settlement of Jamestown, VA

Answer 19

Investors from a growing middle class formed a joint-stock company called the Virgina Company of London
King James I issued the First Virginia Charter to the London Company that gave the company permission to settle in a region called Virginia. It would be a proprietary colony, owned by the company. Most hoped to find gold and get rich.
In April 1607 the first 105 colonists sailed on the Godspeed, Discovery, and Susan B.
Constant and landed 40 miles up the James River in Virginia and founded Jamestown.
Very poor beginnings: most were adventurers with no experienced workers to farm or build, shortage of food, swampy location with mosquitoes, salty water, harsh winters. Powhatan Confederacy at first helped the settlers by showing them how to grow maize; however, conflict between them caused problems for many years.
By 1609 some 400 more settlers arrived in Jamestown. The Powhatan started to view the settlers as invaders. In the winter of 1609-1610 the Powhatan surrounded the Jamestown Fort and killed anyone who tried to reach supplies outside. It became known as the “Starving Time.”
Because the London Co. could not protect the colonists from the Powhatan, the king revoked/took back their charter. He made Virginia a royal colony, which then belonged to the British Empire.

Question 20

What was the first representative government in the English colonies?

Answer 20

The house of burgesses

Question 21

When did the first group of women arrive in VA?

Answer 21

1619

Question 22

Daily Life in Virgina

Answer 22

long with many small farms, some people lived on large farms called plantations.
Tobacco was so valuable that it was used as money.
Headright System - Colonists who paid their way to VA received 50 acres of land and 50 acres for each person they brought.
Labor-In 1619 slaves from Africa were brought to Jamestown, VA; Increased work and the falling cost of slaves led colonists to use more slave labor.

Question 23

Maryland

Answer 23

It was intended to be a refuge/safe place for English Catholics to escape religious persecution in England, and in 1634 200 English Catholics arrived. They spent time
raising corn, cattle, and hogs; they also planted tobacco.
After a growing number of Protestants began arriving, Lord Baltimore passed the Toleration Act of 1649 to reduce tensions between Catholics and Protestants. It was the first law to support freedom of religion in the colonies.

Question 24

What year was Maryland discovered? Where is it located?

Answer 24

1632; Located North of Virginia in the Chesapeake Bay

Question 25

Lord Baltomore

Answer 25

(a/k/a Cecelius Calvert) received a charter to start the colony he named Maryland in honor of England’s queen Henrietta Maria.

Question 26

The Carolinas

Answer 26

Founded by 8 proprietors who received a charter from King Charles (Charles is the male form of Carolina/Caroline).
Divided land into North and South Carolina in 1712.
By 1730 South Carolina had more slaves than white colonists (20,000 slaves to 10,000 colonists).
Main crop – rice; Charleston (Charles Town - Town of Charles)
Made royal colonies in 1729.

Question 27

Georgia

Answer 27

James Oglethorpe received a charter from King George II.
Oglethorpe wanted to make GA a home for English debtors, outlaw slavery, and break up large plantations to make small farms.
Settlers grew unhappy, and GA became a royal colony. Large plantations were worked by slaves (Savannah – main coastal city)

Question 28

Economics of the southern colonies

Answer 28

Economies of the South depended on agriculture in the form of many small farms and some large plantations.
Cash crops, crops grown for profit, were grown in the warm climate and long growing season.
Main cash crops were tobacco, rice, and indigo, a plant from which blue dye is extracted.
These crops required a huge labor force, and slaves from Africa were used.
Most of the colonies passed slave codes, laws to control slaves. Colonies with the largest number of slaves had the strictest slave codes. South Carolina said slaves could not hold meetings or own weapons.