SPRING insight and creativity Flashcards

1
Q

what makes insight different from problem solving

A

‘eurika’ moment
dont seem to need the trial and error processes
sudden understanding/enlightenment of how to solve a problem straight away

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2
Q

what is the gestalt approach to problem solving (koler 1927)

A

opposed trial and error behaviourists - liked hollistic view

prev failure requires recog that prev behaviour was not successful - restructure problem to come to insight

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3
Q

kohler 1927 banana study

A

chimp want banana that is out of reach
try and fail
stop for a while
perform successful behaviour - insight

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4
Q

problem with kohler 1927 banana study

A

thorndike cats hungry so trial and error for quickest method but chimps well fed- not desperate?
also - chimps closer to humans than cats

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5
Q

what are incubation effects

A

idea that while problem solving not benefit from interruption, insight DOES
delay allows to come back with more creative ideas and increase problem space

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6
Q

describe the cheap necklace problem (silveira 1971)

A

4 chains each with 3 loops
£2 open one link and £3 to close
max £15
- open all loops on one chain and join remaining 3
- as break interval increase so does ability to solve

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7
Q

describe the two string problem (maier 1931)

A

need to join two strings
pliers in room - functional fixedness - tend to view as original function and not creative use as pendulum to solve even though most efficient

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8
Q

describe the candle problem (duncker 1945)

A

attach candle to wall and light
given candle, box with matches and tack
tend to view box for holding not for propping up candle

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9
Q

describe metcalfe and weibe 1947 insight and problem solving

A

give data on how ‘hot’ or ‘cold’ to solving algebra problem or insight problem
algebra = gradual increase from cold to hot
insight = sudden increase

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10
Q

what is insight overall deemed to be

A

not a magical revealing moment
same as problem solving but feels sudden as opposed to gradual
incubation - dont realise how close to solution until get it so seems sudden

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11
Q

what is p creativity

A

probs already done
new and unique to self but actually done before
(improbabilist-develop from existing)

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12
Q

what is h creativity

A

historically new
never thought of before
(impossibilist-reconstruct problem space)

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13
Q

describe wallas 1926 stages of creativity

A

1-preparation - prob formualted and initial attempts to solve
2-incubation - no consicous work done
3-illumination - sudden insight
4-verification - perform to see if work

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14
Q

describe the process of creative problem solving

A

no precise goal and ill defines
pre existing criteria - design prob space
may or may not be insightful but produce solution (knowledge rich prob space) - pre existing understanding

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