SPRING ES, confidence intervals and NHST Flashcards

1
Q

what can small es be sig

A

large samples

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

when can large es be sig

A

small samples

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what are es

A

measure strength between two variables independent of sample size and measurement unit
standardised estimate of the difference

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

how to estimate es

A

previous research
pilots
guess in reference to study es (ie cohens)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

cohens d es

A

d = diff between means / SD (control group or av of both)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

how to calc a priori power

A

es want to achieve
sample size
power (min 0.8)
sig (

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what to do if power too low

A

> sample size

OR make one tailed (but dodgy)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

maximising es

A

es increase if random variation decreases (sd decrease = d increase)
use well controlled procedures to minimise confounds and possible variance
within > between BUT within harder to calc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

n2 es

A

explained variability/total variability

between subj SD (SS) / total variability (SSt)

OR if not known
n2 = (g-1)/(g-1)f+g(n-1)
g= number of groups

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

f2 es

A

r1/1-r2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

NHST

A

null hypothesis sig testing

probability that the null hyp is true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what happens if 95% CI falls within range to include 0

A

report no sig

no diff between groups

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

how can you interpret significance

A

inconsistent
equivocal
consistent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

inconsistent sig

A

conflict in results and further research required

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

equivocal sig

A

One is statistically significant, the other not, but both are in the same direction. Therefore results are equivocal, more research is required.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

consistent sig

A

The two results are in the same direction, & size of mean difference is similar. Therefore they reinforce each other and considered together, provide fairly strong evidence for the effect.

17
Q

what is NHST

A

compare two hyp about what will happen if introduce exp manipulation or randomly sample group and measure a DV
hybrid of sig as esitmation of strength and alt/null using predetermined alpha

18
Q

what is the p value

A

probability of obtaining an effect greater than or equal to that observed presuming that the null is true