Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

SPMD3052 > Sprains > Flashcards

Sprains Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most common ligament injury?

A
  • LAT ankle sprain inversion injury
  • ANT talofibular ligament
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the clinical biomechanical grading of sprains?

A

Mild = fibres overstretching
Moderate = rupture of fibres
Severe = total ligament rupture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is a Grade 1 ligament sprain?

A
  • localised palpation tenderness
  • minimal swelling
  • normal ROM / end feel (there is ligament resistance at end ROM)
  • little functional deficit
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is a Grade 2 ligament sprain?

A
  • notable palpation tenderness
  • considerable swelling
  • increased joint laxity
  • +ve end feel (joint continues ROM but resists towards the end = still some fibres intact)
  • moderate functional deficit (unable to perform ADL)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is a Grade 3 ligament sprain?

A
  • +/- audible pop
  • immediate pain (then maybe none = nerve damage, no signals sent to CNS regarding pain
  • significant palpation tenderness
  • +/- major swelling (haemoarthrosis)
  • significant joint laxity (no end feel)
  • significant functional deficit
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How are ankle sprain graded?

A

-ankle function
-joint testing
-ROM
-swelling
-pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is a Grade 1 ankle sprain?

A
  • no point tenderness/loss of function
  • little haemorrhaging (swelling)
  • decreased total ankle ROM >5deg
  • no ligament laxity (-ve ANT draw) (+ve talar tilt test)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is a Grade 2 ankle sprain?

A
  • point tenderness, some function loss
  • swelling >0.5cm - <2cm
  • decreased ROM >5deg - <10deg
  • +ve ANT drawer test, -ve talar tilt test
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is a Grade 3 ankle sprain?

A
  • extreme point tenderness
  • haemorrhage
  • total loss of function
  • decrease ROM >10deg
  • swelling >2cm
    +ve ANT drawer test, -ve talar tilt test
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How long is RTP/Rx for Grade 1 ankle sprain?

A

7-10days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How long is RTP/Rx for Grade 2 ankle sprain?

A

2-4WKS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How long is RTP/Rx for Grade 3 ankle sprain?

A

5-10WKS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is a good indicator of ankle function/ healing?

A

30 calf raises 2-2 from floor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How do ligament sprains occur?

A

different loading/injury mechanisms, not restricted to any particular sports with twisting, jumping, landing, change of direction, tackling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What happens in a medial ankle sprain?

A

Injury to strong deltoid ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the causes of medial ankle sprains?

A

MED ankle sprains are less common than LAT ankle sprains.
- high forces. ligament damage with likely fractures due to high impact force causing rupture

17
Q

What is the difference between partial and complete MED ankle sprains?

A

Partial (less serious): superficial damage to tibiocalcaneal, tibiospring, tibionavicular ligaments

Complete (more severe): deep damage to ANT tibiotalar, deep POS tibiotalar

18
Q

What are high ankle sprains?

A

Located at tibiofibular syndesmosis
- rupture of tibiofibular syndesmosis
- caused by loaded dorsiflexion with EXT tibial ROT
- often occurs in running, twisting UB motion with sudden impact force (tackled)

19
Q

What is the management of ankle sprains?

A

Stable - conservative management
Unstable - operative management
RTP conservative - 6-8wks
RTP surgical - >8wks

20
Q

What happens with single isolated ligament sprains?

A
  • injury localised to specific ligament e.g. ATFL or MCL
  • conservative management used for ATFL/MCL injuries (even grade 3)
21
Q

What happens with single major episodes of a ligament sprain?

A

-large functional deficits
-chronic sequalae (increased risk of developing OA)

Eg ACL rupture
- typically, ACL surgical reconstruction used

22
Q

What is an example of multi-ligament damage?

A

ACJ caused by high impact forces
use Rockwood classification Type I-VI

23
Q

Provide example of multi-ligament rupture with joint dislocation.

A

ankle dislocation
damage to ATFL, CFL PTFL + deltoid
knee dislocation
damage to ACL, PCL, MCL, LCL

SPMD3052 (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions