Epidemiology and EBP

Question 1

What is the Conceptual Epidemiological Model (Willem van Mechelen)

Answer 1

imagine a cycle

1. establish extent of injury problem (incidence/severity)
2. establish etiology and mechanisms of sports injuries
3. introduce a preventative measure
4. assess it’s effectiveness by repeating step 1

Question 2

Levels of evidence from weakest to strongest.

Answer 2

1. expert opinion
2. case report / case series
3. retrospective/prospective cohort
4. controlled clinical study
5. RCT
6. systematic review meta-analysis
7. umbrella review

Question 3

Injury prevention/reduction

Answer 3

1. education/information
2. rule changes
3. modify environment
4. technique changes
5. protective equipment

Question 4

Previous injuries are not good indicators of subsequent injuries. true of false

Answer 4

false

Question 5

List the hypotheses for increased subsequent injury risk.

Answer 5

1. reduced dynamic balance and neuromuscular control
2. reduced reaction times and cognitive processing speeds
3. gait alterations

Question 6

What is a navicular drop?

Answer 6

• static clinical measure for flexible flatfoot

When you bear weight, foot arch disappears.
The drop in the navicular causes excessive stretch on tendons and ligaments which contribute to MED tibial stress syndrome

treatment/management
- use arch support in shoe