Sports Performance Flashcards
After pre participation screenings, paperwork must be sent to athletic department: What must it include
It must include only the page with the athlete’s name and status regarding clearance is required to be forwarded to the athletic department- they do not need all medical info unless requested
What are the FMS scores
1: unable to perform the movement with compensation
2:able to perform movement with compensation)
3: able to perform movement with no pain or compensation
What are contributing factors related to injury in runners?
History of previous running injury
Training load
Previous competition in running events
An athlete has been diagnosed with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. He consults with you regarding his ability to participate in sports going forward; what is your recommendation
- discontinuation of all sports for the perceived risk with increased physical activity on dysrhythmia once diagnosed with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
-OR participation in golf or archery- low intensity sports only
Descsribe a Stress test;
used to measure the heart’s ability to respond to exercise
-The test can be done with exercise or drug induction of rapid heart rate
-The level of mechanical stress is increased progressively with slope and speed
What are 4 things that can impair the vocal cords?
Post nasal drip
GERD
Anxiety
Airborn irritants
Cold drinks DONOT
Splenic injuries occur more in what population?
injury occurs more frequently in the younger athletes because the rib cage does not completely cover the spleen in this age group.
Injury to liver is most commonly referred to where?
R shoulder
Blood and other inflammatory products in the diaphragm commonly refer pain to the shoulder region. With the liver in the right upper quadrant, the right shoulder would be the most common referral pattern of pain.
Difference between adjustment disorders and anxiety disorders:
Adjustment disorder: Adjustment disorders are a unique category of psychological concerns that address difficulties adjusting to the demands of life.
Anxiety disorder: Anxiety disorders are characterized as consisting of excessive fear and anxiety in non-life-threatening situations.
Training Guidelines for Reps /sets
Power- 1-5 reps, low volume, long rest
Strength: 2-8 reps, moderate volume, mod rest
Hypertrophy: 8-15 reps, mod / high volume, short/mod rest
Endurance:15-20 reps, high volume, short rest
Describe the Wingate Test:
most widely used protocols for muscle power and, indirectly, anaerobic capacity.
Performance is expressed as:
-mean power (mean work output over 30 seconds),
-peak power (highest power output during any 5-second period),
- fatigue index (difference between peak power and the lowest 5-second period power output, divided by peak power).
Procedure: the participant to cycle at maximal effort for 30 seconds
What mm and cardiovascular changes do you expect to see after training in high high volumes for short durations?
Training the ATP-PC energy system-
will see:
-Increase in stroke volume and cardiac output
-Increased mitochondrial number and increased V02 max
-Decreased heart rate and breathing frequency
What would this training example help with?
4 sets of 5 sprints for 5–10 seconds at maximal intensity with a work–rest ratio of 1:3
Power and
will see:
-Increase in stroke volume and cardiac output
-Increased mitochondrial number and increased V02 max
-Decreased heart rate and breathing frequency
Contributions to injury in Pitching technique- lead foot
Lead foot at contact should be 38-50 degrees flexion
—-If too much extension in lead knee at foot contact increased elbow and shoulder torque bc not enough force absorption through lower extremity as come forwrd
Contributions to injury in Pitching technique- trunk rotation
Pelvis needs to come forward first during stride, before trunk/shoulders during cocking phase
Timing: 23% difference in timing best, 0 is when foot hits ground, 100 % is when release ball
Higher levels of skill demo incr separation of timing of rotation
If early trunk rotation: incr peak elbow valgus load and prox shoulder force
Contributions to injury in Pitching technique- elbow flexion at ball release
Elbow Flexion Angle at Ball Release
If more elbow flexion =more elbow valgus torque and strain to ULC
Contributions to injury in Pitching technique- velocity
Higher velocity= higher shoulder and elbow torque
= predictive factor of UCL reconstruction in MBL
What are 5 parameters to decrease torques at shoulder and elbow
- Lead with hips in stride phase
a. Hips point at home plate
b. Hips move first before upper body - Hand on TOP position
a. Come out of wind up with palm down/pronated/elbow above - Elbow height in throwing position don’t want to drop elbow
- Closed shoulder position at foot contact to generate power through trunk first before arm
a. If open shoulder- force generated by just arm - Stride foot points toward home plate
Parameters for high intensity Plyometrics
2 x week
48–72 hours of rest in between.
200 contacts per session with work–rest ratio of 1:5 to 1:10 .
ex: Monday and Thrs
work 1 second, rest 5 seconds
risk factors for PFS
decreased vertical jump ( lower extremity explosive strength)
increased medial patellar mobility
decreased quadriceps Flexibility
How many months for return to play after Type 2 SLAP repair?
12 months
What nerve can be damaged during type 2 Slap repair?
supra scapular nerve-suture anchor tips and their relative drilling site can lie very close to the suprascapular nerve and cause an iatrogenic injur
What does the suprascapular nerve innervate
supraspinatus and infraspinatus
Best Lower and mid trap early rehab exercises
SLY shoulder FLEXION
SLY shoulder ER
Prone horizontal ABD with ER
Prone Ext
concurrent training
the training of endurance and strength capacities at the same time or within a 24-hour recovery period. Development of one trait may interfere with the development of the other.
Conjugate training
the training of several complementary qualities in one mesocycle, such as strength and power.
Linear Training
is periodic sequencing of one physical quality after another.
concentrated training
short periods of high training stress aimed at improving one physical quality
What is best diet for this athlete who is trying to lose weight but increase performance would focus on which of the following
Observing suggested % distribution of macronutrients while choosing excellent food sources
Focus on food choices and general information consistent with scope of practice for PT rather than getting into specific percentages, recommendations, etc. that should be reserved for a registered dietician.
What is thought to cause exercise-induced asthma ?
triggered by cooler and dryer air drawn into the lungs
This is felt to be the pathology behind EIA. With increased volume of air passing over the mucus membranes, the surfaces change and set up bronchospasm
signs or symptoms are consistent with testicular torsion?
Swelling in the testicle without known trauma is a hallmark of testicular torsion.
Diffuse and unilateral pain
often presents as an abrupt onset of unilateral scrotal pain
Testicular torsion causes
Emergency condition
happens when the spermatic cord, which provides blood flow to the testicle, rotates and becomes twisted.
complication of nail bed injury
may have fracture- need xray if bad injury
What is greatest risk for any injury?
Previous injury
What reduces risk for ACL injury?
balance
strength
plyometric training
ACL risk factors
female
intracondylar notch width
dynamic knee valgus
physiologic laxity
muscular imbalance
ankle sprain risk factors
poor balance
previous injury
BMI
asymmetry in strength/motor control
Muscle strain risk factors
incr age
previous HS injury (for HS strains)
mm imbalance
muscle strain injury reduction
normalize movement patterns
adjustment of conditioning intensity and recovery
ankle sprain injury reduction
dynamic balance training
improve NM control
core strengthening
