Exercise Physiology and Nutrition Flashcards
what energy system is used for sprint activity taking between 11-14 seconds
Adenosine triphosphate-creatine phosphate (ATP-CP)
What is excessive post exercise 0xygen consumption?
when athlete continues to have higher respiratory rate 30 min after race than the resting respiratory rate
Define oxygen deficit
anaerobic contribution to total energy cost of exercise
when the body needs more oxygen than that which is immediately available to produce energy
What does your body do with macros in a prolonged, submax steady state exercise bout?
It changes the burning of carbs to burning of fat and proteins
Why are sports screens done at high school levels?
to find defects that may limit participation
Acute Exertional Rhabdomyolysis Definition:
breakdown of mm 2/2 damage to myofibrils and sarcolemma from excessive physical training
-causes release of cellular contents ito blood stream
-refer to ED
Signs and symptoms for Acute Exertional Rhabdomyolysis
-nausea
-B pain in thighs, shoulders, low back
-LOC
-confusion
-elevated resting HR
-mm weakness
-dark red or brown urine or decr output
SEND TO ED
What are contributing factors to Acute Exertional Rhabdomyolysis
-repetitive eccentric loading
-hyperthermia (could be hypo)
-dehydration
-sickle cell anemia
Should measure athletes baseline creatine levels (they usually incr sig)
Recommendations for rehydration
16-24 oz fluid for every pound of body weight lost during exercise
What is frequency for plyometrics
2 x per week with at least 48-72 hours rest between sessions
Contraindications for initiation plyometric
exercises
-acute inflammation or pain
-immediate postoperative status
- joint instability,
-arthritis,
-bone bruise,
-chondral injury
-musculo-tendinous injury
Recommended macronutrients
for the female athlete
Recommended macronutrients
for the female athlete includes of 45%-60% of her intake as carbohydrates, up to 35% as protein with
appropriate timing to optimize muscular metabolism, and 25%-30% fat intake (Thomas, 2016)
What energy system is used for activity up to 2 min like the 400 yard dash?
Anaerobic Lactic Acid system or Glycolic system-
What type of system is used for aerobic low intensity exercise?
Oxidative phosphorylation
What is the recommended minimum energy availability for athletes per day in kcal/kg fat-free mass per day?
45
10-year-old boy in the clinic who is 2 days s/p closed reduction of an elbow fracture. He is currently casted. He is complaining of severe pain in the forearm and stiffness of the hand, which seems to be getting worse. He reports that his hand feels like an icicle, and that it is numb.
What can account for this individual’s symptoms?
Volkmann’s contracture
Volkmann ischemic contracture
Volkmann ischemic contracture is classically associated with a supracondylar fracture of the humerus. However, any fracture of the arm or elbow may result in this deformity. The key precipitating event in supracondylar fractures of the humerus is ischemia of the forearm due to acute compartment syndrome.
What are causes for Acute pronator teres syndrome ?
entrapment of the median nerve between the two heads of the pronator teres muscle. Other causes are compression of the nerve from the fibrous arch of the flexor superficialis, or the thickening of the bicipital aponeurosis
benefits of sports drinks
The sports drink would have the specific benefit of electrolyte replacement and enhanced GI absorption of water.
should be used only after 1 hour of exercise- otherwise water is sufficient
What is the recommendation for maximum percent of body weight change for athletes before and after practice?
2%
–at least maintain hydration AT < 2% BODY WEIGHT REDUCTION
generally requires 200 to 300 mL (7 to 10 fl oz) every 10 to 20 minutes.
Recommended macronutrients
for the female athlete includes
up to 35% as PROTEIN with
appropriate timing to optimize muscular metabolism,
25%-30% FAT intake
45%-60% CHO
Normally:
Describe presentation of Somatic Pain
somatic pain is pain limited to the back or thighs and is typically described as deep and achy, as opposed to radicular pain.
Describe Radicular Pain
Radicular pain stems from irritation of the nerve roots and goes down the leg or arms in the distribution of the nerve that exits from the nerve root at the spinal cord
Describe neurogenic pain
numbness, tingling, etc.
