Sports Med: Injury Rehabilitation Flashcards
what are the rehabilitation procedures
-progressive mobilisation
-graduated exercise (stretching,
-conditioning, total body fitness)
-training
-use of heat and cold
what is rehabilitation
the process of restoring athlete to pre-injury level of fitness
what are the aims of rehab
restore optimal function
prevent re-injury
return to comp. quickly and safely
define progressive mobilisation
gradually increasing range injured part is moved through
eg. flexing/extending knee after ACL injury
what are the two different methods of progressive mobilisation
active and passive
what is active progressive mobilisation
injured person performing the movement
what is passive progressive mobilisation
physio/another person performing movement
what does stretching in regards to graduated exercise do
increase flexibility of scar tissue
strengthen and stretch affected area
what type of stretching is most appropriate for graduated exercise
PNF
what does conditioning in regards to graduated exercise do
strengthen muscles in surrounding area eg. quads, calves and hamstrings for knee injury
prevent muscle atrophy (wasting)
should conditioning in graduated exercise be specific to exercise and utilise progressive overload
yes
what does total body fitness in regards to graduated exercise do
maintains overall body fitness eg. flexibility, endurance and strength
what should total body fitness in regards to graduated exercise avoid
stressing injured area eg. an athlete with a broken wrist can run, but not complete push ups
how should an athlete go back into training
progressively, avoiding contact drills early on.
what should training focus on
re-establishing skills, co-ordination and confidence
training must be pain free before returning to competition
how is heat effective in rehab
it increases flexibility, decreases joint stiffness and muscle spasms
when is heat used and what are examples
used before stretching, eg. heat pack
when should heat not be used and why
shouldnt be used 2-3 days post injury as it increases bleeding
how is cold effective in rehab
decreased swelling and inflammation
decreased pain
when should cold be used and what are examples
used after rehab exercises on injured parts eg. cold pack
can it be used 2-3 days post injury safely
yes
what stretching should be used for a hamstring tear
PNF stretching eg. straight leg raise
what conditioning exercises should be used for a hamstring tear
leg curl
should a shoulder dislocation utilise progressive mobilisation
yes
what type of conditioning exercises should be used for shoulder dislocations
neuromuscular control exercises to reposition ball in socket
rotator cuff strengthening eg. theraband (elastic band)
what are indicators of readiness to return to play
full mobility
pain free
positive mental state/confidence
strength
flexibility
what are ways to monitor the progress of injured athletes
tests
compare pre and post injury test results (must be within 10% to return to play)
must the testing in monitoring progress be specific to injury include eg.
yes.
agility test for knee injury
what are signs of psychological readiness to return to play
athlete doesnt have anxiety in training about being re-injured,
is confident with themselves
how can psychological readiness to encouraged
taping for confidence
what is a specific warm up procedure for an ACL injury
it focuses on injured area, includes stretching, strenghtening, plyometrics and agility of knee and surrounding areas
at an amateur level, who should have the ultimate responsibility for deciding whether they return to competition
the athlete should, after consulting doctor/physio
at an professional level, who should have the ultimate responsibility for deciding whether they return to competition
there is no ultimate individual, it is a mixture of tests of fitness and skills to measure the athletes capabilities.
coaches and trainers also have input
why arent these sorts of policies applied to all sports
there is a varying risk of re-injury in each sport.
there is less risk of reinjury in golf when compared to rugby
what are sources of pressures to participate in sport
- ethical considerations
significance of event
team mates
coaches
financial gain/loss
sponsors
why is using painkillers when injured bad for the athlete
it masks pain, which leads to an increase risk of further injury as athlete is unaware they are doing damage
prolongs healing process
