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Miller > sports > Flashcards

sports Flashcards

1
Q

is medial or lateral meniscus tear more common

A

medial

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2
Q

is medial or lateral meniscus tear more common with ACL tear?

A

lateral

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3
Q

function of posterior oblique ligament

A

primary stabilizer against internal rotation and valgus from 0-30 flexion

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4
Q

+ dial test at 30 degrees only

A

isolated posterolateral corner injury

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5
Q

+ dial test at 30 and 90 degrees

A

PCL + posterolateral corner injury

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6
Q

MPFL attachments

A

origin: Schottle’s point (distal to adductor tubercle, proximal to medial epicondyle)
insertion: proximal third medial patella

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7
Q

origin of posterior oblique ligament

A

adductor tubercle

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8
Q

function of ACL anteromedial bundle

A

anterior restraint, tight in flexion

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9
Q

function of ACL posterolateral bundle

A

rotatory restraint, tight in extension

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10
Q

what does the Lachman and anterior drawer test evaluate?

A

ACL anteromedial bundle

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11
Q

what does pivot shift evaluate?

A

ACL posterolateral bundle

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12
Q

blood supply of ACL and PCL

A

branches of middle genicular artery and the fat pad

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13
Q

which ACL bundle originates proximal to the bifurcate ridge?

A

anteromedial

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14
Q

layer 1 of lateral knee

A

IT tract, biceps femoris

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15
Q

structures between layer 1 and 2 of lateral knee

A

common peroneal nerve

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16
Q

layer 2 of lateral knee

A

patellar retinaculum

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17
Q

superficial layer 3 of lateral knee

A

LCL, ALL, fabellofibular ligament

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18
Q

structure between deep and superficial layer 3 of lateral knee

A

lateral geniculate artery

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19
Q

deep layer 3 of lateral knee

A

arcuate ligament, coronary ligament, popliteus, popliteofibular ligament, capsule

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20
Q

layer 1 of medial knee

A

sartorius/sartorial fascia

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21
Q

structures between layers 1 and 2 of medial knee

A

gracilis, semitendinosus, saphenous nerve

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22
Q

layer 2 of medial knee

A

MPFL, POL, superficial MCL, semimembranosus

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23
Q

layer 3 of medial knee

A

capsule, deep MCL, coronary ligament

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24
Q

what’s the most anterior structure inserting on the fibular head?

A

LCL

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25
Q

what structure is the primary stabilizer of external tibial rotation?

A

posterolateral corner

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26
Q

main components of posterolateral corner

A

LCL, popliteus, popliteofibular ligament

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27
Q

what does the popliteus do?

A

internally rotates the tibia

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28
Q

where is the popliteal artery relative to the PCL

A

lateral and posterior

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29
Q

what ACL graft has the greatest tensile strength

A

quadrupled hamstring

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30
Q

how do you calculate insall-salvati ratio?

A

length of patellar tendon over length of patella

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31
Q

what happens in the pivot shift test

A

lateral tibia is subluxed in full extension (+valgus/internal rotation), IT band reduces tibia at 20-30 degrees of flexion causing a palpable clunk

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32
Q

gold standard meniscus repair

A

inside-out with vertical mattress

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33
Q

where are Bakers cysts usually located?

A

between semimembranosus and medial head of gastroc

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34
Q

most sensitive test for ACL

A

Lachmans

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35
Q

result of vertical tunnel in ACL

A

decreased rotational stability

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36
Q

result of anterior femoral tunnel in ACL

A

limited flexion

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37
Q

ACL innervation

A

posterior articular nerve (branch of tibial nerve)

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38
Q

acute management of quads contusion

A

cold compression and overnight immobilization in 120 degrees flexion

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39
Q

risk with hip scope anterolateral portal

A

superior gluteal nerve

40
Q

risks with hip scope anterior portal

A

LFCN, ascending branch of lateral femoral circumflex artery, femoral neurovascular bundle

41
Q

risks with hip scope DALA portal (direct anterolateral)

A

ascending branch of lateral femoral circumflex artery

42
Q

risks with hip scope posterolateral portal

A

sciatic nerve

43
Q

most common location of os acromiale

A

junction of meso and meta acromion

44
Q

main vascular supply to humeral head

A

posterior humeral circumflex artery

45
Q

contents of rotator interval

A

coracohumeral ligament, SGHL, biceps tendon, glenohumeral capsule

46
Q

borders of rotator interval

A

lateral coracoid base, supraspinatus, subscap, transverse humeral ligament

47
Q

inheritance of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

A

autosomal dominant with variable pentrance

48
Q

shoulder scope posterior portal risks

A

axillary nerve, suprascapular nerve and artery

49
Q

shoulder scope anterior portal risks

A

cephalic vein, axillary nerve and artery

50
Q

shoulder scope superior portal risks

A

suprascapular nerve and artery

51
Q

what is a bankart lesion

A

anteroinferior labral tear

52
Q

what nerve is at risk in a pec major transfer

A

musculocutaneous

53
Q

histology of adhesive capsulitis

A

dense matrix of type III collagen containing fibroblast and myofibroblasts

54
Q

lateral scapular winging

A

spinal accessory nerve/trapezius

55
Q

medial scapular winging

A

long thoracic nerve/serratus anterior

56
Q

function of posterior horn of medial meniscus

A

secondary stabilizer to anterior tibial translation

57
Q

nerve at risk with BTB harvest

A

infrapatellar branch of saphenous nerve

58
Q

which PCL technique has a biomechanical advantage?

A

tibial inlay, decrease in killer turn and graft attenuation (compared to trans-tibial)

59
Q

which compartments develop arthritis in chronic PCL tears?

A

medial and patellofemoral

60
Q

most common site of injury for MCL

A

femoral origin

61
Q

most common complication of mensical transplantation

A

meniscal allograft tear

62
Q

what forms to heal an articular cartilage injury

A

fibrocartilage (type 1)

63
Q

benefits of OATS vs microfracture

A

can be used with subchondral bone loss, results in type II hyaline cartilage (vs type I fibrocartilage), RTP 4-6 months (vs 6-9 months)

64
Q

when does ROM begin after SLAP repair?

A

7-10 days, passive and active assist

65
Q

which nerve is at risk with subpec biceps tenodesis?

A

musculocutaneous

66
Q

pitcher with pain in late cocking phase and loss of velocity/lack of command

A

internal impingement

67
Q

surgical indications for partial rotator cuff tear

A

articular-sided >50% thickness/6mm, bursal-sided >25% thickness/3mm

68
Q

what is the primary restraint to valgus stress in normal elbow ROM

A

anterior bundle of UCL

69
Q

secondary restraint to valgus stress in normal elbow ROM

A

radial head

70
Q

primary restraint to valgus stress with elbow in maximal flexion

A

posterior bundle of UCL

71
Q

insertion of anterior bundle of UCL

A

sublime tubercle of medial coronoid process

72
Q

insertion of LUCL

A

supinator crest

73
Q

primary restraint to varus and external rotation stress through elbow ROM

A

LUCL

74
Q

muscle involved in lateral epicondylitis

A

ECRB origin

75
Q

histology of lateral epicondylitis

A

angiofibroblastic hyperplasia

76
Q

muscle involved in medial epicondylitis

A

flexor pronator mass origin

77
Q

is LCL-deficient elbow more stable in pronation or supination

A

pronation

78
Q

which direction does the radial head subluxate in a lateral pivot shift?

A

posterior

79
Q

what throwing phases place highest stress on UCL?

A

late cocking, acceleration

80
Q

nerve at risk in anteromedial elbow portal

A

medial antebrachial cutaneus and median nerves

81
Q

nerve at risk in elbow proximal anteromedial portal

A

medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve

82
Q

nerve at risk in elbow anterolateral portals

A

lateral antebrachial cutaneous and radial nerves

83
Q

nerve at risk in elbow posterolateral portal

A

posterior antebrachial cutaneous

84
Q

what position do you splint in for isolated LUCL rupture?

A

pronation

85
Q

what position do you splint in for elbow MCL rupture with intact LUCL?

A

supination

86
Q

most likely initiating location of rotator cuff tear

A

15 mm posterior to biceps tendon near supra/infra junction

87
Q

muscle involved in lateral epicondylitis

A

ECRB

88
Q

pivot shift for PLRI

A

radial head dislocates posteriorly in extension and reduces in flexion

89
Q

top 2 most common cause of sudden death in athletes

A

1 = HOCM, 2 = CAD

90
Q

when can you RTP with herpes lesions

A

no new lesions for 72 hours/meds for 5 days

91
Q

RTP with impetigo

A

no crusting

92
Q

anterior tibial tunnel in ACL

A

notch impingement

93
Q

posterior tibial tunnel in ACL

A

PCL impingement

94
Q

where does popliteus originate relative to LCL

A

POP is DAD - popliteus is deep, anterior, and distal to LCL on femur

95
Q

rate of OA following knee dislocation

A

25% at 10 years

96
Q

TTTG to consider TTO

A

> 20

Miller (12 decks)

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