approaches Flashcards
deltopec approach
deltoid (axillary nerve) and pec major (medial and lateral pec nerves)
posterior approach to shoulder
infraspinatus (suprascapular nerve) and teres minor (axillary nerve)
main risks in posterior approach to shoulder
quadrangular space (stay above teres minor) and suprascapular nerve (avoid excessive medial retraction of infra)
anterolateral approach to humerus
proximal extension into deltopec, then lateral to biceps and between fibers of brachialis midhumerus (radial and MSC nerves) and between brachialis and BR (radial nerve) distally
anterior approach to AC fossa
superficial - biceps (MSC) and BR (radial), deep - PT (median) and supinator (PIN)
medial (Hotchkiss) approach to elbow
superficial - brachialis (MSC) and triceps proximally (radial) or PT distally (median), deep - split or elevate flexor pronator mass (median)
main risks in medial approach to the elbow
MABCN crosses field, ulnar nerve
lateral Kaplan approach to elbow
ECRB (radial/PIN) and EDC (PIN)
main risks in lateral Kaplan approach to the elbow
PIN, LUCL
posterolateral Kocher approach to the elbow
anconeus (radial) and ECU (PIN)
anterior/volar Henry approach to forearm
BR (radial) and PT proximally or FCR distally (median)
main risks of anterior Henry approach to forearm
superficial branch of radial nerve, radial artery, PIN
dorsal Thompson approach to forearm
ECRB (radial/PIN) and EDC proximally or EPL distally (PIN)
approach to ulna
ECU (PIN) and FCU (ulnar)
landmarks for lateral window of ilioinguinal approach
lateral to iliopsoas/iliopectineal fascia
landmarks for middle window of ilioinguinal approach
medial to iliopectineal fascia/iliopsoas, lateral to external iliac vessels
landmarks for medial window of ilioinguinal approach
medial to external iliac vessels
Kocher-Langenbeck approach for tab
split glut max (inferior gluteal nerve)
anterior smith-pete approach to hip
superficial - sartorius (femoral) and TFL (superior gluteal). deep - rectus femoris (femoral) and gluteus medius (superior gluteal)
what vessel must be ligated in the anterior approach to the hip
ascending branch of lateral femoral circumflex (lies superficial to rectus)
anterolateral watson-jones approach to hip
TFL (superior gluteal) and gluteus medius (superior gluteal)
lateral hardinge approach to hip
superficial - split IT band. deep - divide gluteus medius (superficial femoral) and vastus lateralis (femoral)
posterior moore-southern approach to hip
superficial - divide gluteus maximus (inferior gluteal) and IT band. deep - piriformis and short external rotators
medial ludloff approach to hip
superficial - adductor longus and gracilis (both obturator). deep - adductor brevis (anterior division of obturator) and adductor magnus (obturator and tibial)
risks in medial parapatellar approach
infrapatellar branch of saphenous nerve, medial superior geniculate artery
posteromedial approach to plateau
interval between pes and medial head of gastroc
anterior approach to ankle
EHL and EDL or tib ant (all DPN)
anterolateral approach to ankle
peroneus tertius (DPN) and peroneus brevis (SPN)
posteromedial approach to ankle
PT, FDL, FHL (tibial) and Achilles tendon
posterolateral approach to ankle
superficial - peroneus brevis (SPN) and Achilles. deep - peroneus brevis (SPN) and FHL (tibial)
anterior cervical approach
interval between carotid sheath and trachea
