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Sport Science Flashcards

1
Q

fartlek

A

continuous training
vary speed and distance
30 min

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2
Q

continuous

A

long period of time
steady state
low/high intensity
jogging

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3
Q

interval

A

high intensity
varying distance, time, ground
rest in between

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4
Q

aerobic

A

usually to music

targets aerobic system

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5
Q

circuit

A

stations of specific exercises
target whole body
skill/fitness based

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6
Q

plyometrics

A

high intensity
rebounding exercises
targets eccentric muscle contraction
involves jumping

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7
Q

resistance

A

common form of weight training
resistance is moved
overloads the muscle
gain training effect

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8
Q

SAQ

A

improve coordination

repetitive drills

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9
Q

chemical energy

A

energy stored

within bounds of chemical compounds

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10
Q

potential energy

A

stored energy

ready to use when required

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11
Q

kinetic energy

A

muscle contractions

joint movements

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12
Q

Energy systems

A

ATP-PC
Glycolysis
oxidative

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13
Q

nutrients used for energy

A

carbs
fat
protein

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14
Q

BMR

A

Basal Metabolic Rate

amount of energy our body needs to survive

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15
Q

skeleton functions

A 
internal support
attachment point
movement 
protection 
red bone marrow
storage place
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16
Q

appendicular

A

limbs

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17
Q

axial

A

protection

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18
Q

vertebral column

A 
cervical
thoracic 
lumbar
sacrum
coccyx
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19
Q

osteology

A

study of bones

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20
Q

types of bones

A

long
short
irregular
flat

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21
Q

carliage

A

strong connective tissue
made up of collagen
found between joints

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22
Q

joints

A

connects 2 bones

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23
Q

ligaments

A

strong connective tissue

attaches bone to bone

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24
Q

tendons

A

connective tissue
attaches muscle to bone
muscle to muscle

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25
Q

3 kinds of muscle

A

skeletal
smooth
cardiac

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26
Q

bone tissue

A

light and strong
rich in blood and nerve supply
tissue- calcium phosphate

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27
Q

fast twitch

A

contract more rapidly

produce bursts of power

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28
Q

slow twitch

A

greater endurance

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29
Q

excessive use

A

hypertrophy

increase in size

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30
Q

prolonged use

A

atrophy

decrease in size

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31
Q

what does blood do

A

transportation
protection
temp regulation
maintains body equilibrium

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32
Q

heart rate

A

no. of times
heart beats
per minute

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33
Q

stroke volume

A

amount of blood pumped to heart each beat

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34
Q

adaption/rest/recovery

A

adjust to increased/decreased demands
coordinate muscle movement
develop sport specific skill

35
Q

Dynamic strength

A

Hand grip dynamometer
Squeeze as hard as you can
3 times
Record highest score

36
Q

30m sprint

A

Start 20m behind line
Sprint 30m
Time taken when cross 20m and finish at 30m
Top speed over 10m

37
Q

Abdominal curl

A

Lie on back, arms crossed across chest, knees bent
Up and back down is 1
Do as many as you can in 30secs
Result is score

38
Q

Sergeant jump

A 
Vertical jump board
Stretch up+ mark full height
Bend knees+ jump
Touch board
Distance between marks is score
39
Q

10x5m shuttle run

A

Sprint lane 5m long x1.5 m wide
Quick as can, both feet cross line
Time is score

40
Q

Illinois agility test

A

Illinois sprint track
Sprint quick as can
Lower time, better speed and agility

41
Q

Ruler drop test

A

Hold ruler between thumb and forefinger at 0
Dropped- catch as quick as possible
Lower no. you catch- quicker your reaction

42
Q

Flamingo balance

A

Upside down gym bench
Stand 1 foot, hold other foot
Long as possible
Time is score

43
Q

Anatomical position

A

Standing up straight
Facing forward
Hands next to thighs
Thumbs facing outward

44
Q

Superior

A

Closer to head

45
Q

Inferior

A

Further from head

46
Q

Proximal

A

Closer to chest

47
Q

Distal

A

Further from chest

48
Q

Effects of age

A 
Strength 
Flexibility 
Injury and disease
Reaction times
Experience
49
Q

Physical factors

A 
Colds and flu
Asthma
Anaemia
Hay fever
Fatigue
Lack of sleep
Menstruation
Physical ability
50
Q

Psychological factors

A

Mental preparation
Mental ability
Experience

51
Q

External factors

A 
Environment 
Equipment 
Technology 
Other players 
Officials
52
Q

Introverts

A 
Concentration 
Precision
Self-motivation 
Intricate skills
Low arousal levels
Individual performances
53
Q

Extroverts

A 
Exciting 
Team sports
Fast paced
High arousal levels
Large,simple motor skills
Low concentration
54
Q

Ego-centered

A 
Success relative to others
Strive to beat opponent 
Desires results
Focus on outcome
Concerned about image 
Self-centered
55
Q

Task orientated

A 
Success measured against personal achievement 
Improve own performance 
Love of sport
Self-satisfaction 
Focus on task and process 
Forget about others around
56
Q

Goal setting

A

Motivate to work hard
Help prepare you for performance
Feel in control+ less worried
Give confidence

57
Q

Stress

A

Stimulus resulting in arousal

Response to specific situation

58
Q

Arousal

A

State of readiness to perform

Helps motivate individuals

59
Q

Eustress

A

Positive reaction of performer to stress

Leading to optimal arousal

60
Q

Stressors

A

Situation causes stressful response

Eg. injury,competition

61
Q

Stress response

A 
Way which we cope with stress
GAS
Alarm reaction 
Resistance 
Exhaustion
62
Q

Sit and reach

A 
Flexibility 
Need a box
Back against wall, legs straight
Feet flat against box
Reach over box
Measure
62
Q

40m sprint

A

Speed and agility
Stop watch+ gates
Run the course as quick as possible

62
Q

Juggling

A

Coordination
Juggle 3 balls continuously
Score is no. Of completed cycles
Without dropping ball

62
Q

Harvard step

A 
Bench and stop watch
30x pet min for 5 mins
Rest 1 min 
Take pulse for 15 secs
Higher result, fitter you are
62
Q

Cycle ergonometer

A 
Exercise bike and stop watch
Load at 60 revs per min
150w M 100w F
Pedal 5 mins
Take pulse 15 secs
Lower the fitter you are
62
Q

Cooper test

A

Measured track, stop watch
Run for 12 mins, fast as you can
More laps the fitter you are

62
Q

Bleep test

A 
20m shuttle run and cd player
Run in time with bleeps- get faster
Drop out- take note of level
Matched against chart
Tell your VO2 max
62
Q

Anterior

A

Front of body

62
Q

Posterior

A

Back of body

62
Q

Midline

A

Line running through body

Tip of nose to belly button

62
Q

Medial

A

Closer to midline

62
Q

Lateral

A

Further from midline

63
Q

Anabolic agents- steroids

A 
Bulk up
Increase muscle mass
Train harder
High blood pressure, heart disease 
Infertility, cancer
64
Q

Stimulants

A 
Reduce pain
Increase reaction speed 
Raise aggression 
Highly addictive 
High blood pressure, strokes
Heart, liver problems
65
Q

Diuretics

A

Loose weight quickly
Clear traces of other substances
Increase urination
Dehydration

66
Q

Narcotic analgesics

A 
Pain killers
Mask pain from injury
Withdrawal symptoms 
Highly addictive
Constipation
Low blood pressure
67
Q

Peptide hormones

A

Blood doping
Similar effects to steroids
Stokes
Abnormal growth patterns

68
Q

Stress experience

Symptoms

A

Indecisiveness
Decreased concentration
Worry
Decreased attention span

69
Q

Anxiety

A

Negative reaction of performer

Leading to over arousal

70
Q

State anxiety

A

Emotional state at given time

Variable from situation

71
Q

Trait anxiety

A

Mentality to interpreting situation as threatening

Responding with increased state anxiety

72
Q

Competitive trait anxiety

A

High trait view situation as more threatening than low trait

Respond with higher state anxiety

73
Q

Measuring stress

A

Self report questionnaires
Physiological measurements
Observation

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