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A Level Sport > Sport and Society/Technology (Paper 2) > Flashcards

Sport and Society/Technology (Paper 2) Flashcards

1
Q

What are the four parts of the Sports Development Continuum Triangle?

A

Elite > National standard public recognition
Performance > Coaching and development done at club and regional level
Participation > Increasing leisure options promoted via extra curricular sport
Foundation > Learning basic skills within PE lessons

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2
Q

What is physical recreation?

A

Doing a range of physical activities, well within the capacity of those participating

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3
Q

What are the characteristics of physical recreation?

A

Rules
Officials
Reason for taking part i.e awards

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4
Q

What are the benefits of physical recreation?

A 
Enjoyable
Relax and recover
Social contact
Improve self esteem
Health values
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5
Q

What is sport?

A

A competitive activity that involves physical exertion and the use of complex skills where participation is motivated by extrinsic rewards and intrinsic satisfaction

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6
Q

What are the characteristics of sport?

A 
Competitive
Rules
Rewards
Coaching 
Amateur and professional
Structured via NGB's
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7
Q

Name factors affecting sport at school.

A 
Time availability
Funding
Equipment/facilities
Staff availability 
National curriculum
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8
Q

What is physical education and school sport?

A

The formal education process of acquiring knowledge and values through physical education

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9
Q

Name characteristics of PE and school sport

A

Institutionalised
Compulsory
Taught by qualified teachers
Consists of 4 key stages

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10
Q

What are the benefits of physical education?

A 
Establish fitness
Develop skill and technique
Competitive experience
Enjoyable
Develop social skills
Develop leadership skills
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11
Q

What is outdoor education?

A

Formal education process of acquiring knowledge and values via outdoor experience

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12
Q

What are the benefits of outdoor education?

A

Provides unexpected physical challenges
Develop problem solving skills
Appreciate the environment
Expands boundaries of health via being outside

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13
Q

What are the personal factors of Talent ID?

A 
Motivated
Committed
High level of skill
Physical prowess
Self confidence
High tolerance for pain
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14
Q

What do UK Sport do?(SPEND)

A 
Sport Science
People Development
Equality
New technology
Distribute money to sport
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15
Q

What do National Institutes of Sport do? (SPORT)

A 
Sport science
Performance lifestyle programmes
Organisation links
Research and innovation 
Top quality coaches and facilities
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16
Q

What do NGB’s do?

A 
Organise competitions
Select national teams
Regulate sport rules
Provide and access funding
Punishments distributed
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17
Q

What is a world class performance programme?

A 
Created to increase more medallists and international competition
Podium level > World class athletes for the next Olympics
Potential > 8 years away from medals
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18
Q

What are the five main areas of performance pathway programmes?

A

Pathway Frontline Technical Solutions: Develop a talent ID programme
Pathway Education: Educational opportunities for coaches
Pathway Analytics: Using data analysis to check that the programme is effective
Pathway Performance Health Check: Checks that sport systems are current and correct
Pathway Strategy: Clear progress from Potential to Podium

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19
Q

What are the advantages of Talent ID programmes?

A

Coordinated approach between organisations
Performers directed to their suited sport
Chances of improving medallists
Access to professional coaches
Access to funding

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20
Q

What are the disadvantages of Talent ID Programmes?

A

May miss late developers
Require high levels of funding
No guarantees of success
Many sports competing for the same person

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21
Q

What makes a successful talent ID programme?

A 
Testing facilities
Analysis of performer
Links between different organisations
Equal opportunities
National development squads
Talent spotting via top quality coaches
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22
Q

What is the Gold Event Series?

A

Enforced to host world class events in the UK.
To support high performance success
Create high profile opportunities
Positive social impacts for the UK i.e boosts economy

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23
Q

Define the term amateurism.

A

Participation in sport out of enjoyment for playing and not for financial gain

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24
Q

Define sportsmanship.

A

Playing by written rules to a high moral standard

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25
Define gamesmanship.
Trying to bend the rules to one's advantage
26
Define deviancy.
Behaviour which goes against societal norms and values. Positive and negative.
27
Give an example of positive deviancy
Continuing to play despite being injured
28
What are the causes of performer violence?(Clue: WINNER)
``` Win ethic Importance of event Nature of the sport NGB's too lenient with punishments Refereeing decisions leading to frustration ```
29
What are the solutions to performer violence?
Support referees with video replays Extrinsic reward for good behaviour Enforce harsh punishments Respect campaigns
30
What are the causes for spectator violence?
``` Emotional intensity Alcohol consumption Poor policing Lack of punishments Religious views ```
31
What are the solutions for spectator violence?
``` Alcohol bans Effective punishments Video assistance i.e CCTV Seated stadiums Change kick off times ```
32
What are the social reasons for drug use?
``` 'Win at all costs' High levels of extrinsic rewards High pressure to win Lack of deterrents Poor role models setting bad examples ```
33
Why do performers take anabolic steroids?
Promote muscle growth Increase strength and power Train for longer at higher intensity Power athletes and sprinters
34
What are the side effects of anabolic steroids?
Liver damage Heart and immune system damage Acne Behaviour changes i.e aggression
35
Why do performers take beta blockers?
``` Improve accuracy by steadying nerves Decreases anxiety Reduces HR Counteracts adrenaline Golf, archery, shooting ```
36
What are the side effects to beta blockers?
Fatigue | Slower HR affecting aerobic capacity
37
Why do performers take EPO?
``` Stimulates RBC production Increase in oxygen capacity Increase endurance Reduce fatigue Endurance events like cycling and running ```
38
What are the side effects of EPO?
Death Blood clotting Stroke
39
What are the reasons FOR taking drugs?
Hard to define what a drug is Drugs taken accidentally Levels the playing field Detection isn't always effective
40
What are the reasons AGAINST taking drugs?
``` Dangerous side effects Poorer countries can't access drugs Creates negative role models Cheating Peer pressure to take drugs ```
41
What is WADA?
World Anti Doping Agency
42
What is UKAD?
UK Anti Doping
43
What is the "Whereabouts system"?
Random checks by drug testers, so athletes need to inform WADA where they are at all times during the year.
44
What are the strategies to eliminate PED's in sport?
``` Investment in new technology Organisations working together Harsher punishments Name and shame Loss of funding/sponsorship deals ```
45
How does the performer use law within sport?
``` Spectators attacking players Opponents being too violent Contractual issues Child protection law Equality of opportunities Refereeing negligence ```
46
How does the official use law within sport?
Duty of care | Negligence
47
How does the coach use law within sport?
``` Duty of care In loco parentis Collect medical information Suitably trained i.e DBS First Aid trained Risk assessments ```
48
How is law linked to the spectator within sport?
All seated stadiums Game times changed Trespassing laws Prosecution of racism
49
What is Bosman Ruling?
A ruling by the EU court of justice which gives footballers a right to free transfer at the end of their contract
50
What is restraint of trade?
Interferes with free competition in the market
51
What is the Court of Arbitration?
Able to suspend athletes | Work with athletes to settle contract disputes or any disciplinary imposes
52
What is the Football Offences Act (1991)?
An Act to make further provision for disorderly conduct and hooliganism within football
53
What is the Taylor's Report?
Issued after the Hillsborough incident
54
Positives of commercialisation on the performer.
Role model Increased wages Train full time Access to more events and competitions
55
Negatives of commercialisation on the performer.
Increased pressure to win Increased deviancy Over reliance on the sponsor
56
Positives of commercialisation on the spectator.
Better stadiums Better standard of play Improved analysis and information
57
Negatives of commercialisation on the spectator.
Adverts Start times changed Loss of traditional sport Sponsors get a lot of tickets
58
Positives of commercialisation on sport.
Role models Improved performance Improved analysis and information
59
Negatives of commercialisation on sport.
Oversaturation Play to view Lower attendance at televised events Oversensationalisation on negative events
60
Positives of commercialisation on the coach.
Higher profile Increased wages More funding for facilities and squads Improved analysis of performance
61
Negatives of commercialisation on the coach.
Hire and fire Own tactics scrutinised Media pressure Greater pressure to succeed
62
Define subjective data.
Based on personal opinions
63
Define objective data.
Independent of the observer. Measured via a stop watch, measuring tape etc
64
Define reliability.
The degree to which data collection is consistent and stable
65
Define validity.
Ability to test what is meant to be measured
66
Define quantitative.
Numerical data
67
Define qualitative.
Non - numerical data.
68
Positive impacts of technology on sport
``` Sport science support Sport medicine for rehab Improved equipment Playbacks Accurate decisions Video analysis Improved standard of performance ```
69
Negative impact of technology on sport
``` Time consuming Negative viewing experience Not accessible to poorer countries Not always accurate Officials can become over reliant Drug testing struggles to keep up with technology ```
70
Name types of technology within sport:
VAR - Video Analysis GPS - Global positioning system Hawk Eye

A Level Sport (7 decks)

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