Diet and Supplements (Paper 2) Flashcards
1
Q
Carbohydrates
A
- Fast release energy
- Used at aerobic and anaerobic intensities
- Stored as glycogen
2
Q
Fats: Negatives
A
- Gain weight/risk of obesity
- Limit stamina/fatigue quickly
- Overheat
- Coronary heart disease/diabetes/high blood pressure
3
Q
Fats: Positives
A
- Slow release energy
- Used at rest and low intensity
- Transport/storage of vitamins
- Source of vitamins
4
Q
Proteins
A
- Minor source of energy
- Used when body has exhausted fats and glycogen stores
- Used for growth and repair of muscles
- High intake of protein for weightlifters etc
5
Q
Fibre:
A
- Slows energy break down
- Aids digestion
6
Q
Minerals: Iron
A
- Required for formation of RBC
- Needed for normal energy metabolism
7
Q
Minerals: Sodium
A
- Regulates water content
- Involved in nerve function and energy use
8
Q
Minerals: Calcium
A
- Main mineral in bones and teeth
- Needed for nerve/muscle function
9
Q
Vitamins: D
A
- Bone formation
- Calcium Absorption
10
Q
Vitamins: C
A
- Structure and function of blood vessels
- Production of collagen and connective tissue
11
Q
Vitamins: B12
A
- Nerve formation and structure
- Cell division and blood formation
12
Q
Caffeine: positives
A
- Increased mental alertness
- Reduces effects of fatigue
- Delays use of glycogen as an energy source (fats used)
- Improves decision making and reaction time
- May benefit aerobic performance
13
Q
Caffeine: negatives
A
- Loss of fine control
- Against rules in large quantities
- Dehydration/insomnia/muscle and stomach cramps
14
Q
Sodium bicarbonate: positives
A
- Reduces acidity in muscle cells
- Delays fatigue
- Increases buffering capacity of the blood
- Used by athletes at high intensity training
15
Q
Sodium bicarbonate: negatives
A
-Vomiting/pain/cramping/diarrhoea/bloating
