Sport And Crime Flashcards
What was (Travis Hirschi’s,1969) theory of social bond?
- Individuals with stronger bonds to society are less likely to engage in criminal activities and anti-social behaviours
- 4 elements (Attachment to others, commitment, beliefs in society’s values, involvement in sports)
What was (Nicole Vettenburg’s, 1998) Social vulnerability theory?
- Focus on the social domain of youth anti-social behaviours (antisocial behaviours among youth often result from troubled and disconnected relationships with society)
What was the (Newman et al., 2017) Experiential learning theory?
- Focus on an individual perspective (reflection, sports-based interventions, Individuals can learn positive traits from sporting activities)
What was the (Morgan et al., 2020) Theory of change?
- Originally emerged in 2013 among a group of key stakeholders (practitioners) with experience in criminal justice settings
- An overview of approaches that can be considered by stakeholders as necessary when using sport to discourage criminal or anti-social behaviours
Examples of practices to prevent crime through sport?
- KCIT project (Crowther et al., 2022)
- Line up live up (UNODC, 2020)
What is the (Crowther et al., 2022) KCIT project?
- Kicking Crime into Touch
- Two-year youth justice intervention programme in Manchester (2018-2020)
- Funded by a UK based sport charity
- Encourages justice-involved 14 young men to take part in a rugby programme
- Two hours session per week at the university sports complex
What is the (UNODC, 2020) Line Up Live Up project?
- United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) launched a global youth crime prevention initiative in 2016
- Aims to promote sports-based learning as a tool to prevent crime
- Working with international experts (11 countries)
- Male and female aged 12-18
- 10 interactive sessions
Examples of academic debates?
1) The instrumental role of sport
2) Potential for certain sports to be counterproductive
3) Differences in experiencing a programme
4) No clear correlations or causation
Examples of ethical considerations?
- Content and activities of the programmes
- Partnerships/cooperation between stakeholders
What was the study (Spriut et al., 2018) talked about referring to a sports-based intervention to reduce youth crime?
- Based in Netherlands
- 368 youth (almost 90% male, 12-18 years) at risk of youth crime
- Examine the effects of a sports-based crime program in a real-life setting
What was the findings of the sports-based intervention to prevent youth crime talked about by (Spruit et al., 2018)?
- Those who attended had a significantly lower chance of being registered as a crime suspect compared to people who didn’t attend the programme
- But, there was no positive effect on the risk and protection factors for those who attended which was unexpected.
- Overall positive impact was small
Recommendations from the study done by (Spruit et al., 2018) on youth crime?
- Do more research on different study’s and different groups e.g, girls
- Research the effect of the coach-athlete relationship
- Need to ensure training and guidance is given to all and the time is put in
What did (Ekholm, 2013) say were two modes of crime prevention?
- Averting mode: by participating in sport young people are physically diverted from crimes
- Social-change mode: By doing sport they develop personal and social relationships, increasing self-confidence and self-control
What 4 categories is social-change mode split up into according to (Ekholm, 2013) ?
- Personal and social relations
- Empowerment
- Pro-social development
- Education in non-violence and moral values
Authors needed to quote week 8 (7 authors)
(Travis Hirschi, 1969)
(Newman et al., 2017)
(Morgan et al., 2020)
(Crowther et al., 2022)
(UNODC, 2020)
(Spriut et al., 2018) Article 1
(Ekholm, 2013) Article 2
