Spore-forming, Nonbranching Catalase Positve Flashcards
Gram +, catalase +, aerobic/facultative anaerobes
Bacillus
Bacillus can be confused with ___
Clostridium spp.
Most medical relevant group of bacillus.
Bacillus cervus group
-B. anthracis
-B. cereus
-B. thuringiensis
-B. mycoides
Most important member of B. cereus group.
B. anthracis
Vrulence factors of B. anthracis
-Glutamic acid capsule
-anthrax toxin (three-component protein exotoxins) lethal
Virulence factors of B. anthracis that code the genes for toxins carried on plasmid
Anthrax toxins
This virulence factors of B. anthracis is resistant to hydrolysis by proteolytic enzymes.
Glutamic acid capsule
3 proteins of Anthrax.
Protective antigen (PA)
Edema factor (EF)
Lethal factor (LF)
T or F
in anthrax toxin protein. Each of which individually is nontoxic but which together act synergistically to cause effect.
True
Protein of anthrax toxin that bind molecules and protect EF and LF
Protective antigen
Among the 3 proteins of anthrax toxins, which one is adenylate catalase?
Edema factor (EF)
Protease that kills host cells by disrupting the transduction of extracellular regulatory signals
Lethal factor
EF +LF =
Edema
LF+PA
Death
Common disease in livestock.
Anthrax
How does the anthrax spread?
When animals eat plants that contaminated with spore.
T or F
Human are infected primarily as a result of accidental or occupational exposure to animals or animals product.
True
Other name of Anthrax disease
Woolsorter’s disease
Ragpicker’s disease
3 form of anthrax
Cutaneous anthrax
Inhalation anthrax
Gastrointestinal anthrax
It occurs when wounds are contaminated with anthrax spores acquired through skin, cuts, abrasions, insect bites.
Cutaneous anthrax
The majority of anthrax cases
Cutaneous anthrax
Cutaneous anthrax infection starts with ___.
Small pimple /papule
Cutaneous anthrax
A ring of vesicles develops, and the vesicle _______ to form ___.
Coalase
Erythematous ring
What do you call the dark area in the center of a ring that cause ulcers and dryness.
Eschar/black eschar
Forming depresse black necrotic central called.
Eschar/black eschar
Form of anthrax that is known as ___.
Woolsorter’s disease
Acquired when sporees are inhaled into pulmonary parenchyma
Inhalation anthrax
Most deadly type of anthrax.
Inhalation anthrax
Bioterrorism agent
Inhalation anthrax
Occurs when the spores are inoculated into lesion on the intestinal mucosa after ingestion of spores.
Gastrointestinal anthrax
What are the symptoms of GIT anthrax?
Abdominal pain
Nausea
Anorexia
Vomiting
Bloody diarrhea
It is characterized by soft tissue infection associated with skin popping or direct inject of spores in tissue
Injection anthrax
Lab diagnosis
Large
Squared-ended
Gram(+)
Rod (single /chain)
Bacillus
The chain of bacillus resembles ___.
Bamboo rods.
In the gram stain of bacillus, the vegetative cell has a clear zone that surrounds the colony in is known as ___.
Capsule
Cultural characteristics of Bacillus anthrax.
Nonhemolytic, large, gray, flat
The colonies of B. anthracis is known as ___.
Medusa head
T or F
The consistency of B. anthracis in agar is Tenacious consistency (beaten egg white).
True
Recommend agar for B. anthracis.
PEA agar
Which of the following is not the identification of B. anthracis?
A. Produce mannitol
B. Nonmotile
C. Produce lecithinase
D. Grow in high salt(7%NaCl and low pH)
A.
After how many hours of incubation for the observation of B. anthracis and at what temp?
After 3-6 hours
At 37°C
Type of Bacillus sp. That is responsible for food poisoning and oppurtunistic infection.
Bacillus cereus
Food poisonning of B. cereus in two form.
Diarrheal
Emetic form
Form of food poisoning caused by B. cereus due to ingestion of meet, poultry, vegetables, pastas.
Diarrheal
Diarrheal form
-Clin. Indistinguishable from diarrheal cause by ___.
Clostridium perifringens
