Non-spore-forming, Branching, Aerobic Flashcards
Aerobic, branched, beaded gram + bacilli.
Nocardia
T or F
Nocardia is strongly acid fast.
F- weakly acid fast
Bacteria resembles to fungi
Nocardia
Most common encountered spp. Of Nocardia.
N. brasiliensis
N. cyriacigeorgica
N. farcinica
N. nova
Most prominent nocardia human pathogen.
Nocardia asteroides
T or F
Nocardia has virulence factors
False- not have been identified
The virulence of nocardia has been correlated with ___.
Alteration in the components of cell wall.
Nocardia spp. Produce ____ and ____ that may provide resistance to oxidative killing phagocytes.
Superoxide dismutase
Catalase
Nocardia produce chelating compound called?
Nocobactin
Iron chelating compound able to use iron from our transferin
Nocobactin
Two routes of Nocardiasis.
Pulmonary
Cutaneous
Pulmonary infection cause by nocardia is primarily through
Inhaling dust or soil
Majority of pulmonary infection is cause by ___.
N. asteroides
Pulmonary infections are caused by what spp. Of Nocardia?
N. cyriacigeorgica
N. farcinica
Common manifeststion of pulmonary infection cause by nocardia.
Confluent bronchopneumonia
T or F
The sputum is thick and prulent in Pulmonary infection (nocardia).
True
T or F
No sulfgranules in pulmonary infection cause by nocardia.
True
No sulfgranules ( masses ofilamentous boud by ___)
Calcium phosphate
It occurs after inoculation of organism into the skin or subcutaneous tissues.
Cutaneous infection
The most common nocardia sp. That cause cutaneous infection
N. brasiliensis
T or F
Cutaneous is cause by major trauma like laceration.
False- minor trauma (thorn or wood silver)
The infection begins as localized. Subcutaneous abscess that is invasive and quite destructive of tissue and bones. Termed as ___.
Actinomycotic mecetomas
Common cause of Actinomycotic mycetoma.
N. brasiliensis
Bacteria: actinomycotic mycetoma
Fungi:
eumycotic mycetoma
These are characterized by swelling, draining sinuses, and granules.
Mycetomas
T or F
Pus in mycetomas may be pigmented and contain sulfur granules (red)
F- yellow/orange
Gram +, beading branching filaments.
Nocardia
Nocardia is usually isolated from what specimen?
Sputum and exudate
Aspirate from skin/ abscess
Specimen choice for direct examination for nocardia identification.
Tissue and pus
The granules can be visualized by separating them from the pus .what are the granules of Nocardia?
N. cyriacigeorgica
N. farcinica
N. brasiliensis
N. otitidiscaviarum
Granules of ___ is broad, interwoven, spetate hyphae that are wider to actinomycotic.
eumycotic mycetoma
Which is not true about the culture characteristics of nocardia?
A. Oxidtvie type metabolism
B. No specific growth
C. It takes 7 days to grow
D. Grows well in nonselective media
C. It should be 3-6 days
Selective media for nocardia.
Nonselective media for nocardia.
Selective: modified Thayer-martin (CHOC +antibiotics)
Nonselective: buffered charcoal-yeast extract (BCYE agar)
Appearance of nocardia in culture media.
Chalky, matte, velvety or powdery appearance. (Breadcrumbs)
Biochem test for nocardia.
- Substrate hydrolysis
- Other substratesl and Carbohydrate utilization
- Antimicrobial susceptibility profile
-fatty acid analysis by high performance-liquid chromatography.
Most reliable method to identify nocardia is __.
16S rRNA gene sequencing
Treatment for nocardiosis often involves ___.
- Drainage and surgery
- Resistant to penicillin
- susceptibility to sulfonamides
Spp. Of Actinomadura that are the etiologic agent of mycetoma.
A. madurae
A. pelletieri
T or F
A. madurae and A. pelletieri morphology are similar to nocardia.
True
T or F
A. madurae is cellobiose and xylose negative and nocardia is positive.
False- A. madurae is positive and nocardia is negative
Primarily, saprophytes found as soil inhabitants .
Streptomyces
Streptomyces that are pathogenic to human.
S. somaliensis
-An aerobic gram + to gram variable
-Partialy acid fast
-Nonmotile
Gordonia
Growth with mycelial forms that frgments into rod-shaped/coccoid element or known as nocardioform.
Gordonia
Colonies of Gordonia characteristics.
Slimy, smooth, glossy, irregular
Spp. Of Godonia that usually cause infection
G. bronchialis
They are gram + , aerobic, catalase + and partially acid fast.
Tsukamurella
Sp. Of tsukamurella that mostly cause infection.
T. paurametabola
The most significant rhodococcus sp. That is significant to human
R. equi (formely known as Corynebacterium equi)
They are found in soil and cause respiratory tract infection in animals.
R. equi
In SBA R. equi resembles ___.
Klebsiella (salmon pink pigment)
The causative agent of Whipple’s disease.
Tropheryma whipplei
Treatment for T. whipplei
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
Shape of T. whipplei inside the macrophage.
Rod-shaped
