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BACTE (CHAPTER 16) > Non-spore-forming, Branching, Aerobic > Flashcards

Non-spore-forming, Branching, Aerobic Flashcards

1
Q

Aerobic, branched, beaded gram + bacilli.

A

Nocardia

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2
Q

T or F
Nocardia is strongly acid fast.

A

F- weakly acid fast

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3
Q

Bacteria resembles to fungi

A

Nocardia

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4
Q

Most common encountered spp. Of Nocardia.

A

N. brasiliensis
N. cyriacigeorgica
N. farcinica
N. nova

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5
Q

Most prominent nocardia human pathogen.

A

Nocardia asteroides

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6
Q

T or F
Nocardia has virulence factors

A

False- not have been identified

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7
Q

The virulence of nocardia has been correlated with ___.

A

Alteration in the components of cell wall.

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8
Q

Nocardia spp. Produce ____ and ____ that may provide resistance to oxidative killing phagocytes.

A

Superoxide dismutase
Catalase

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9
Q

Nocardia produce chelating compound called?

A

Nocobactin

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10
Q

Iron chelating compound able to use iron from our transferin

A

Nocobactin

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11
Q

Two routes of Nocardiasis.

A

Pulmonary
Cutaneous

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12
Q

Pulmonary infection cause by nocardia is primarily through

A

Inhaling dust or soil

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13
Q

Majority of pulmonary infection is cause by ___.

A

N. asteroides

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14
Q

Pulmonary infections are caused by what spp. Of Nocardia?

A

N. cyriacigeorgica
N. farcinica

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15
Q

Common manifeststion of pulmonary infection cause by nocardia.

A

Confluent bronchopneumonia

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16
Q

T or F
The sputum is thick and prulent in Pulmonary infection (nocardia).

A

True

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17
Q

T or F
No sulfgranules in pulmonary infection cause by nocardia.

A

True

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18
Q

No sulfgranules ( masses ofilamentous boud by ___)

A

Calcium phosphate

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19
Q

It occurs after inoculation of organism into the skin or subcutaneous tissues.

A

Cutaneous infection

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20
Q

The most common nocardia sp. That cause cutaneous infection

A

N. brasiliensis

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21
Q

T or F
Cutaneous is cause by major trauma like laceration.

A

False- minor trauma (thorn or wood silver)

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22
Q

The infection begins as localized. Subcutaneous abscess that is invasive and quite destructive of tissue and bones. Termed as ___.

A

Actinomycotic mecetomas

23
Q

Common cause of Actinomycotic mycetoma.

A

N. brasiliensis

24
Q

Bacteria: actinomycotic mycetoma
Fungi:

A

eumycotic mycetoma

25
Q

These are characterized by swelling, draining sinuses, and granules.

A

Mycetomas

26
Q

T or F
Pus in mycetomas may be pigmented and contain sulfur granules (red)

A

F- yellow/orange

27
Q

Gram +, beading branching filaments.

A

Nocardia

28
Q

Nocardia is usually isolated from what specimen?

A

Sputum and exudate
Aspirate from skin/ abscess

29
Q

Specimen choice for direct examination for nocardia identification.

A

Tissue and pus

30
Q

The granules can be visualized by separating them from the pus .what are the granules of Nocardia?

A

N. cyriacigeorgica
N. farcinica
N. brasiliensis
N. otitidiscaviarum

31
Q

Granules of ___ is broad, interwoven, spetate hyphae that are wider to actinomycotic.

A

eumycotic mycetoma

32
Q

Which is not true about the culture characteristics of nocardia?
A. Oxidtvie type metabolism
B. No specific growth
C. It takes 7 days to grow
D. Grows well in nonselective media

A

C. It should be 3-6 days

33
Q

Selective media for nocardia.
Nonselective media for nocardia.

A

Selective: modified Thayer-martin (CHOC +antibiotics)
Nonselective: buffered charcoal-yeast extract (BCYE agar)

34
Q

Appearance of nocardia in culture media.

A

Chalky, matte, velvety or powdery appearance. (Breadcrumbs)

35
Q

Biochem test for nocardia.

A
  • Substrate hydrolysis
  • Other substratesl and Carbohydrate utilization
  • Antimicrobial susceptibility profile
    -fatty acid analysis by high performance-liquid chromatography.
36
Q

Most reliable method to identify nocardia is __.

A

16S rRNA gene sequencing

37
Q

Treatment for nocardiosis often involves ___.

A
  • Drainage and surgery
  • Resistant to penicillin
  • susceptibility to sulfonamides
38
Q

Spp. Of Actinomadura that are the etiologic agent of mycetoma.

A

A. madurae
A. pelletieri

39
Q

T or F
A. madurae and A. pelletieri morphology are similar to nocardia.

A

True

40
Q

T or F
A. madurae is cellobiose and xylose negative and nocardia is positive.

A

False- A. madurae is positive and nocardia is negative

41
Q

Primarily, saprophytes found as soil inhabitants .

A

Streptomyces

42
Q

Streptomyces that are pathogenic to human.

A

S. somaliensis

43
Q

-An aerobic gram + to gram variable
-Partialy acid fast
-Nonmotile

A

Gordonia

44
Q

Growth with mycelial forms that frgments into rod-shaped/coccoid element or known as nocardioform.

A

Gordonia

45
Q

Colonies of Gordonia characteristics.

A

Slimy, smooth, glossy, irregular

46
Q

Spp. Of Godonia that usually cause infection

A

G. bronchialis

47
Q

They are gram + , aerobic, catalase + and partially acid fast.

A

Tsukamurella

48
Q

Sp. Of tsukamurella that mostly cause infection.

A

T. paurametabola

49
Q

The most significant rhodococcus sp. That is significant to human

A

R. equi (formely known as Corynebacterium equi)

50
Q

They are found in soil and cause respiratory tract infection in animals.

A

R. equi

51
Q

In SBA R. equi resembles ___.

A

Klebsiella (salmon pink pigment)

52
Q

The causative agent of Whipple’s disease.

A

Tropheryma whipplei

53
Q

Treatment for T. whipplei

A

Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole

54
Q

Shape of T. whipplei inside the macrophage.

A

Rod-shaped

BACTE (CHAPTER 16) (4 decks)

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