Spore Forming Flashcards
Non motile, aerobic, spore forming
Bacillus
Rods in chains with square ends and spore at the center
Bacillus sp
Anaerobic, motile (f), toxin mediated
Clostridium
1st dse attributed to a bacterium
B anthracis
1st bacterial disease prevented by vaccination
B anthracis
This sp shows no hemolysis
B anthracis
C tetani
C botulinum
This sp shows hemolysis
B cereus
C perfringens
Liquifies gelatin
Bacillus
C tetani causes systemic invasion
False. Localized
C tetani causes the s/sx
No, toxin mediated
Mode of migration of tetanospasmin
Retrograde migration
What enzyme does tetanospamin degrades that prevents docking of vesicles
Synaptobrevin
What produces tetanospamin
Vegetative c tetani
What nts does tetanospamin block
Gaba and glycine
True or false. Small amount of tetanospasmin is not lethal. Requires large amount.
False
Target of tetanospasmin
Anterior horn cells
BS
What aids in spore germination and toxin prod
Low redox potential
Calcium salts
Necrotic tissue
Asso pyogenic infxns
Tetanus has CNS manifestations like altered LOC
None, fully conscious
Trismus
Contraction of jaw muscles
Risus sardonicus
Contraction of facial muscle
Test to check for trismus and risus
Spatula test
Cod in tetanus
Respi muscle arrest
IP for tetanus
4-5 days even weeks (jawetz)
average 14 (lecture)
Strychnine poisoning
Used for ddx in tetanus
Antimicrobials for tetanus
Pen G
Metro
What organism has their spore centrally located
Bacillus
The’re spores are usually larger than the rod itself. Located terminally
Clostridium
Most powerful neurotoxin
Botulinum toxin
Affects primarily the cranial nerves thus PNS
Botulinum toxin
Proteolysis of SNARE proteins
Synaptobrevin
Syntaxin
Snap 25
Botulinum toxin
Toxin A and B
Adult
Canned goods 1-2 days
Toxin E and F
Infant
3-30 days
Honey
GI sx not prominent
NO FEVER
Botulism
What toxin causes floppy baby syndrome
Toxin e and F
Do patients who recovered from botulism will develop antitoxin thereafter?
NO. Susceptible ulit
Diagnosis of botulism
Passive hemaglutination
Radioimmunoassay
To what age group is stool exam useful for dx of botulism
Infants only and not in serum
Do antimicrobials have effect on botulism
None
This org has virulence factor of theta toxin alpha and DNAse and hyaluronidase
C perfringes
Characterized with hemolysis thus causing anemia
C perfringes
Presents with fever
Perfringes
Difficile
How can lecithinase activity be seen
Precipitate formation around egg yolk media
What do u call the rxn in lecithinase activity
Nagler rxn
What sp is associated with antibiotic induced proliferation
C difficile
Difficile produces fever?
True
What abx usually cause c difficle
FAC u difficle
FLUORO
AMPI
CLINDA
Tx for difficle
Dc of offending abx
Give metro or vanco
Which clostridium sp has a double zone of hemolysis
C perfringess
Has large raised colonies
Perfringens
Presence of intestinal pseudomembranes
C difficle
Has large rectangular spores
Perf
Has squash racket spore
Tetani
Has oval subterminal spore one is bigger
C botulinum C difficile (larger)
Botulinum is heat labile
True
What bacillus produces enteroroxin
Cereus
Which bacillus has vaccine
Anthracis
Which bacillus is capsulated
Anthracis
Which bacillus is motile
Cereus
Which bacillua is hemolytic
Cereus
Which bacilli has medusa head
Anthracis
Which is bamboo cane like
Anthracis
Which bacillus has whipped egg white
Anthracis
Which bacillus has lecithinase
Cereus
What causes virulence in anthracis
Poly d glutamic acid capsule
Anthrax toxin
Which comes from Pxo2
Capsule
From pxo1
Toxin
Abx are effective in vegetative forms and even spores
False. Not in spores
Only respi anthrax has delayed onset
True
Time when eschar is fully developed
After 7-10 days
This type of anthrax leads to meningitis
Cutaneous and inhalataion
Ciprofloxacin
Doc for cutaneous anthrax
Doc for endemi anthrax
Pen G
Doc for cereus
Vancomycin
Doc for cereus immunocom
Penicillin
Are bacillus aerobe?
Yes
Are clostridium anaerobe
Yes
