Spoken English Flashcards
Hesitation Indicator
A pause to think and may use a filler word like ‘um’
running repair
recognizing a speech filler when speaking and repeating intended sentence
interrupted construction
a word group that interrupts flow of a sentence mid way through it
conversation conventions
Conventions that are common in conversations
Topic marker
utterance that indicate a topic of a sentence at the beginning
Topic shifter
when the conversation has changed topic that may be due to what someone has said and doesn’t stick to one topic e.g anyways..
Tag question
when someone hasn’t finished their sentence and someone asks a question
Elision
Omission of sounds, words and phrases
Glottal stop
moment of stoppage with the airstream because of glottal words
Prosodics
features that appear when we put words together in connected speech, Considering intonation, register, stress and rhythm
pragmatics
going with something in a sensible way, thinking practically, thinking about the negotiation of meaning between speaker and listener, context being important, no literal meaning eg, can you pass the salt?
Types of interaction
Phatic communication- establishing and communicating relationships
interactional- personal and social interaction with others
Transactional- getting things done, communicating information
Conative- influencing attitudes and behaviours
Upward Convergance
Making your accent more formal to fit in with formal types of english etc.. posh speakers
Downward convergance
downplaying accent
Adjacency pair
one utterance constraints the reply: question leads to answer
