SPIRITUAL SELF Flashcards by Ivy Catherine Largueza

In supernatural being is one of the basic characteristics of religion.
A supernatural being is being that is better and more powerful that any creature in the natural world

BELIEF

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Includes all that cannot be explained by the law of nature, including things characteristics of or relating to ghost, god, or other type of spirits and other non material beings or to thing beyond nature

SUPERNATURAL OR ABOVE NATURAL

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Animism is one of the oldest belief which is taken from latin word ______

ANIMA meaning breath or soul

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the belief that everything in nature living things like trees, plants and even non living rocks or streams have their own spirits or divinity

ANIMISM

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focuses on beliefs and incudes the functions of rituals and
ceremonies. One of its objectives is to appreciate the role of religion
to individuals and societies.

SPIRITUAL SELF

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are important to many adolescents. However, there was a downturn in religious interest among college students in the 21st century
from a study conducted in America. The decline religiousness in United
State was observed in adolescents 14 to 20 years of age.

RELIGIOUS ISSUES

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was measured by the frequency of prayer, frequency Of discussing religious teachings, frequency of deciding moral actions for religious reasons and the overall importance of religion in everyday life.

RELIGIOUNESS

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are still present, accepted and never entirely disappeared

ANIMISTIC BELIEFS

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The “soul’ or spirit in the different regions of the Philippines:

Kaluluwa by the Tagalogs
Gimokud by the Bagobos
Makatu by the Bukidnons
Dungan by the Ilonggos when the person is alive; “kalag
”or“ detached, “free” when he is dead
Ikararuwa by the Ibanags
Kadkadduwa by the Ilokanos when the soul is in the physical body and it is seen
as a constant companion; karuruwa when it departs

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The soul according to the indigenous Filipino is known as
“kaluluwa”,
ikaruruwa or kararuwa. It is taken from the root word “duwa ”which means:

TWO

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where it is connected to the
body and it’s life

PHYSICAL PART

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Parts of the soul where it exists on it’s own.

SPIRITUAL PART

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They call the soul dungan which cannot be seen by human eye.

dungan may show in a form of insects ( a house fly or moth) or lizard.

Ilonggos

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As long as body and soul are one unit,

MAN IS ALIVE

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the soul is the principle of life in man. Body is the matter; the soul is the form.

FOR IBANAGS

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may leave the body voluntarily while the person is asleep
according to the Bisayans. Among the ancient Filipino, when the person
is asleep he/she should not be awakened quickly in order to give ample
time for the ____ to return to the body.

DUNGANS

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When the ____ is travelling outside of the body it should be freed from
accidents because there is a possibility that it might be trapped in a jar
or be poured out with liquid from a vessel.

DUNGAN

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It is also believed that another reason for voluntary withdrawal of the soul is when the body is _______

Maltreated

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Bisayans believe that the soul or dungan is not located in any specific part of the body. The bisayans dungan has a secondary meaning of “wildflower”.

Sa libro “WILLPOWER”

just read

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Unintentional transfer of disturbing vapors of a strong body to the weak one by holding, talking, or just looking to the weaker one.

USUG

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is the intellectual and psychological
capacity to dominate others to one’s way of thinking

A person with a lot of willpower

STRONG DUNGAN

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The folks beliefs, means the performance of aged old spirit rituals many of which are still followed in the local provinces today.

SOUL-NATURE

reason that the dungan needs protection and nurture

Properly lodge in his physical body will have bodily health and well being, intelligence and good sense.

ADULT PERSON WITH HEALTHY DUNGAN

is a religious or solemn ceremony consisting of a series of
actions performed according to a prescribed order. It consists of a
sequence of activities involving gestures, words, and objects, performed in a specific place, according to a set sequence.

RITUAL

refers to **movements or gestures expressing feelings or beliefs beyond the limitations of a speech.** It can elaborate or *simple, formal or intimate*. It is also set of formal actions performed as prescribed by a ritual or a custom such as in a wedding ceremony.

CEREMONY

**Spoken word** used in a ritual to convey a meaning and value to evoke an image through the use of **methapor** or elicit commitment or loyalty to a cause set of beliefs, community or persons.

RITES

is an organized set of **beliefs, practices, rituals and symbols** that increases an individual’s connection to a sacred or transcedent other (God,higher power, ultimate truth).

RELIGION

William James (1902-1958) defined ____ as the “**feelings, acts, and experiences** of individual men in their solitude

PERSONAL RELIGION

TOP 10 RELIGIONS IN THE WORLD BY POPULATION

1. CHRISTIANITY- **2.1 Billion** followers 2. ISLAM- **1.5 billion** followers 3. HINDUISM- **900 million** followers 4. BUDDHISM- **376 million** followers 5. SIKHISM- **23 million** followers 6. JUDAISM- **14 million** followers 7. BAHAISM- **7 million** followers 8. CONFUCIANISM- **6.3 million** followers 9. JAINISM- **4.2 million** followers 10. SHINTOISM- **4 million** followers

is the degree by which one is affiliated with an **organized religion in terms of the person’s participation in the prescribed rituals and practices, connection with it’s belief and involvement** with its community of believers

RELIGIOUSNESS

It may **signify a person,** an **object**, **principle**, or a **concept** that trancends the self | Divine being or divine object that is " set apart" considered as holy.

SACRED

involves **experiencing something** beyond oneself in a **transcendent manner** and living in a way that benefits it hers and society. It could also be related to a search for the **sacred.**

SPIRITUALITY

is the **power** of apparently influencing the course of events by using mysterious or supernatural forces.  It is the ability to use **supernatural forces** to make **impossible things happen, **such as making people disappear or controlling events in nature

MAGIC

the persistent **sense of self** that addresses ultimate questions about nature, purpose and meaning of life. It results in behaviours that are consonant with the individual’ s core values

SPIRITUAL IDENTITY

This is true from the study. “***A Structural Equation MOdeling on the Factors Affecting Intolerance of Uncertainty and Worry Among a Select Group of Filipino Elderly* ”

“A high level of spirituality leads to a higher level of self-efficiency”. | "Self efficacy" sa libro

rooted in the *Greek word *for **“magical”**

Magikos or magos

is the one who performs the magic like casting spells and summoning spirits.  It is derived from the Old French **magicien**, *“magician or sorcerer”* which is rooted in the *Greek word *for **“magical”**, *magikos or magos.*

MAGICIAN

It is derived from the Old French **magicien**, *“____ or ____”* which is rooted in the *Greek word *for **“magical”**, *magikos or magos.*

Magician or sorcerer

is translated from Greek word **pharmakos**, and carries with it the idea of medicine, magic potions, drugs, and poison.

SORCERER

is one who is **‘seeking unto the dead’**. It is a term that includes all forms of attempt to make contact with departed spirits

NECROMANCER

is one who is thought to be **acquainted with the secrets** of the nonmaterial or unseen word

WIZARD

is the Filipino term for sorcerer. It is used to describe **malignant sorcery or familiar spirits.**

BARANG

is a **person who practices** this specific type of sorcery or witchcraft.

MAMBABARANG

is the **target** (usually a person) of the sorcery or witchcraft.

BINARANG

is the Tagalog word for **‘voodoo ’or ‘witchcraft’.** It is one of the mostwell-known aspects of Philippine folklore. The fear of ____ usually has an effect on how a person conducts himself in the community and how people treat each other in a community.

KULAM

is a **person who uses black magic** or spells on a victim.

MANGKUKULAM

is a **Filipino practitioner of traditional medicine;** he is also a medicine man who is also capable of performing sorcery.

ALBULARIO OR MANANAMBAL

a term coined by **Victor Frankl **(1905- 1997) , an existential philosopher . *‘Logos*” is a Greek word which ***stands for meaning*** | aims to help the person search for the **meaning of his existence**

LOGOTHERAPY

begin when a person who is said to have **experienced an encounter with any of these creatures relates his scary experience to his family,** the story is then passed on to the relatives, the neighbours until the tale is spread widely to the rest of community and from community to the other

FOLKLORE

THREE BASIC PRINCIPLES ON DISCOVERING MEANING IN LIFE

1. MEANING IN LIFE 2. WILL TO MEANING 3. FREEDOM TO WILL

In logothrapy, man should **see existence as experiencing life’s ups and downs.** Finding meaning in life does not mean that people should strive to become perfect.  This principle, emphasizes that in spite of the person’s wealth, status or gender, he should discover meaning in life events and circumstances.

MEANING IN LIFE

The meaning that one attaches to experiences is **not obvious.** Since the meaning varies from person to person and situation to situation.  It is quite challenging to discover what the experience means to be fulfilled. The meaning given to one ’s life may also vary at any moment.

WILL TO MEANING

People are given the **freedom to make life choices **which includes how they respond to life events. People can discover meaning through the values that they attach to things connected with their lives.

FREEDOM TO WILL

can be **creative** (artistic expression or by creating a work doing a deed) **experiential** (interacting with social environment or by experiencing something or encountering someone) and **attitudinal** (the attitude people take toward unavoidable suffering)  It is important to know that people are still capable of optimism despite all adversities in life.

VALUES | UNDER** FREEDOM TO WILL **