SEXUAL SELF Flashcards
designed to discuss facets of human sexuality like sexual behaviour,
understanding, identifying sexual orientations and differentiating love from lust.
SEXUAL SELF
is influenced by physical,
psychological, spiritual and cultural factors
HUMAN SEXUALITY
HISTORICAL
In Ancient Greece, it is the male that assumes the dominant role.
The penis was viewed as the symbol of fertility and how the male body was structures and greatly admired.
The wife is considered object to be owned like property. Women are not allowed to read and write. Her only function was to bear children. The greek word for woman is “gyne” means-bearer of children
it is defined as how one thinks about himself or herself as asexual individual
SEXUAL SELFHOOD
the Church decreed that all sexual acts that do not lead to procreation were considered evil.
The Middle Ages (476-1450)
TEMPTRESS
LIKE EVE
WOMAN OF VIRTUE
VIRGIN MARY
THEY BELIEVED THAT SEXUALITY IS A NATURAL PART OF LIFE THAT THE PRIESTS SHOULD MARRY AND HAVE THEIR FAMILIES
THE PROTESTANTISM
THEY ASSERTED THAT THE REASON FOR SEXUAL INTIMACY WAS TO STRENGTHEN THE PHYSICAL AND EMOTIONAL BOND BETWEEN HUSBAND AND WIVES AND NOT JUST FOR PROCREATION
MARTHIN LUTHER AND JOHN CALVIN
IN THE NERVOUS SYSTEM IT IS THE BRAIN THAT INITIATES AND ORGANIZE SEXUAL BEHAVIOUR
THROUGH THE PROCESS OF SEXUAL REPRODUCTION, THE NEXT GENERATION OF HUMAN BEINGS ARE CREATED BY FUSION OF EGG CELL AND SPERM CELL
BIOLOGICAL
HOMOSEXUALITY AND PROSTITUTION WERE RAMPANT.
SEX IS MARITAL DUTY
WOMEN TOLD NOT TO ENJOY SEX AND IF THEY DID, THERE WAS SOMETHING WRONG WITH THEM
BELIEVED THAT MASTURBATION LEADS TO BLINDNESS, INSANITY AND DEATH
THE VICTORIAN ERA
GROUP OF PEOPLE WHO DISCONNECTED WITH CHURCH OF ENGLAND. PREMARITAL SEX IS CONSIDERED IMMORAL
THE PURITANS
SECONDARY SEX CHARACTERISTICS OF MALE
- VOICE BECOMES MUCH LOWER (BREAKS)
-HAIR GROWTH ON CHEST, FACE, UNDERARMS, ARMS, LEGS AND PUBIC AREA - INCREASE IN MUSCLE SIZE
- SKIN BECOMES OILY AND PORES ENLARGE
SECONDARY SEX CHARACTERISTICS OF FEMALE
-BREAST ENLARGE
- HAIR GROWTH UNDER ARMS AND PUBIC AREA
- HIP WIDENS
- SKIN BECOMES OILY AND PORES ENLARGE
PRIMARY SEX CHARACTERISTICS OF MALE
TESTES
PENIS
SCROTUM
SEMINAL VESICLES
PROSTATE GLANDS
PRIMARY SEX CHARACTERISTICS OF FEMALE
OVARIES
FALLOPIAN TUBE
UTERUS
VAGINA
THREADLIKE STRUCTURES FOUND IN NUCLEUS OF EACH CELL OF THE BODY ARE COMPOSED OF GENES WHICH ARE BASIC UNIT OF HEREDITY
CHROMOSOMES
HOW MANY PAIRS OF CHROMOSOMES IN NUCLEUS OF EACH BODY CELL
23 PAIRS (46)
23RD PAIR OF CHROMOSOMES ARE CALLED?
SEX CHROMOSOMES
IT DETERMINES WHETHER THE INDIVIDUAL IS MALE OR FEMALE
WHAT IS THE FIRST 22 PAIRS ARE CALLED?
AUTOSOMES
This perspective studies how evolutionary forces affect sexual behaviour.
Natural selection is a process by which organisms that are best suited to their environment are most likely to survive.
Traits that lead to reproductive advanatge tend to be passed on, whereas maladpative traits are lost.
SOCIOBIOLOGICAL / EVOLUTIONARY
explained that sexuality is not a mere physical response. It involves emotions, thoughts and beliefs.
ROSENTHAL
What important in human sexual relationships according to sociobiological/ evolutionary
love, care, responsibility
the goal of evolutionary
survival
A persons libido or sexual energy is located in an area of the body at different psychosexual stages. These areas of pleasure are called _______ _____. It includes the mouth, anus and genitals.
erogenous zones
According to him human beings are faced with two forces -
sex instinct or libido(pleasure) and death or aggresisve instinct
SIGMUND FREUD
FREUD’S PSYCHOSEXUAL STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT
- ORAL STAGE- child erogenous zone is mouth which receives gratification through eating and sucking
- ANAL STAGE- Anus in which sexual gratification is derived from defecation
- PHALLIC STAGE- erogenous zone is Genitals
- LATENCY STAGE- sexual impulses lie dormant as the child is occupied by social activities such going to school or playing
- GENITAL STAGE- Genitals. sexual attraction is directed towards others, opposite sex
child erogenous zone is mouth which receives gratification through eating and sucking
ORAL STAGE
Anus in which sexual gratification is derived from defecation
ANAL STAGE
erogenous zone is Genitals
PHALLIC STAGE
sexual impulses lie dormant as the child is occupied by social activities such going to school or playing
LATENCY STAGE
Genitals. sexual attraction is directed towards others, opposite sex
GENITAL STAGE
FREUD 3 STRUCTURES OF PERSONALITY
ID- pleasure and aggression
EGO- follows analytical principle. It analyze the need of Id and its consequences
SUPEREGO- persons sense of morality follows moral principle whose role is to restrict the demands of the id.
follows analytical principle. It analyze the need of Id and its consequences
EGO
pleasure and aggression
ID
persons sense of morality follows moral principle whose role is to restrict the demands of the id.
SUPEREGO
SEX is derived from latin word
SECARE= “TO DIVIDE”
Sex is not only natural, and healthy, but a sacred union is necessary to peoples physical, mental and spiritual being
TAOISM
5 RELIGIOUS
JUDAISM
ISLAM
TAOISM
HINDUISM
ROMAN CATHOLIC
Muslim men are allowed to have 4 wives but Muslim women can only have 1 husband.
Sex is permitted only within marriage and extramarital sex is penalized
ISLAM
Holds a positive and natural outlook toward marital sex which they consider as blessed by God and pleasurable by both man and woman
JUDAISM
Sexuality is seen as spiritual force and the act of love making is means of both celebrating and transcending the physical
HINDUISM
Marriage is purely for intercourse and procreation. Homosexual orientation in itself is not sinful, but homosexual acts of immoral and sinful
Roman catholic
SEXUALITY=
“TO UNITE”
Includes sexual orientation, his ability to manage sexual feelings, activities, interest, and style of behavior and his capacity to regulate his sexual behavior to avoid undesirable consequences
ADOLESCENTS SEXUAL IDENTITY
Refers to characteristics of people as male and female
GENDER
A set of expectations that prescribes how female and male should think, act and feel
GENDER ROLE
is a characteristic that causes pleasure or interest by appealing to a person’
s desires or tastes and cause one to be drawn to the other.
ATTRACTION
(Border of Burma & Thailand) wear brass rings around their neck as a sign of ellegance
and status.
KAYAN TRIBE
Body returns to its non excited state
RESOLUTION
Waves of intense pleasure (climax), often associated with vaginal contractions in females and ejaculation in males
ORGASM
Period of sexual excitement prior to orgasm
Intensification of changes begun during the excitement phase
PLATEAU
this body initial physical response to sexual arousal
EXCITEMENT
FACES OF HUMAN SEXUAL RESPONSE
- EXCITEMENT
- PLATEAU
- ORGASM
- RESOLUTION
This is described as an
intense craving for sexual
contact
Androgen and
estrogen, pheromones
and the senses
THREE PHASES OF ROMANTIC LOVE
LUST
ATTRACTION
ATTACHMENT
system in the brain which is the
same system involved in pleasure and addiction.
DOPAMINE
(coast of Africa) heavier is better. Thick
ankles, plump arms, stretch marks and large buttocks
are considered the most beautiful part of the body.
MAURITANIA TRIBE
concluded that, rather than
defining love as an emotion,
“being in love”
can be considered a strong motivation – an addictive craving to be with the other person
The universal hallmarks of beauty include characteristics
symmetry, averageness, skin, hair, eyes, height,
weight and age.
(New Zealand) have tattoo in their lips
and chin. A woman with full blue lips is considered the
most beautiful and desirable.
MAORI TRIBE
It is the period of time
during which couples are
infatuated and pursue a
relationship. The energy
and attention is focused
on one particular person.
High dopamine and
norepinephrine, low
serotonin
ATTRACTION PHASE
It is a long term bond
between partners. It is a
feeling of security,
comfort and emotional
union.
Oxytocin, vasopressin
ATTACHMENT PHASE
explains how several chemical
substances in the body have been found to naturally
influence the experience of love
CHEMISTRY OF LOVE
JOHN LEE LOVE STYLE
- EROS- Love based on strong sexual and emotional component
- AGAPE- Altruistic and selfless love
- STORGE- love related friendship and based on non sexual affection
- LUDUS- Love is just a game, something for fun and entertainment
- MANIA- Intense feeling of love that leads to obsession
- Pragma- Practical and business like love
nuerotransmitter that are involved in mood, motivation,
attention and excitement
Dopamine (DA) and Norepinephrine (NE)
neurotransmitter that has been
asscociated with obession, sex and sleep
SEROTONIN
it is called “love drug”
Phenylethylamine (PEA)
love hormone
Oxytocin and Vasopressin
also called “endogeneous morphine”
chemicals on your body that releases when you feel
pain and stress
ENDORPHINS
WHY DO PEOPLE FALL IN LOVE?
- Behavioral Reinforcement Theory
- Physiological Arousal Theory
- Evolutionary Theories
FACTORS THAT WOULD DETERMINE WITH WHOM
PEOPLE FALL IN LOVE ARE
- Physical attractiveness
- Reciprocity (people tend to like an individual who
also like them) - Proximity (being around anytime)
- Similarities
is sexual behavior
involving more than one person
SOCIOSEXUAL BEHAVIOR
is a self-masturbation or
self stimulation with the intention of causing
sexual pleasure.
SOLITARY BEHAVIOR
DIVERSITY OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR
- Sociosexual behavior - is sexual behavior involving more than one person
- Solitary behavior - is a self-masturbation or
self stimulation with the intention of causing
sexual pleasure.
is a person whose sexual orientation
is towards others of the opposite sex
HETEROSEXUAL
woman whose sexual and romatic attraction is toward women
LESBIAN
TYPES OF SEXUAL ORIENTATIONS
- Homosexual - refers to a person whose sexual
orientation is toward another of the same sex
a. Lesbian - woman whose sexual and romatic
attraction is toward women
b. Gay - man whose sexual and romantic attraction
is toward men - Heterosexual - is a person whose sexual orientation
is towards others of the opposite sex - Bisexual - is a person who may be sexually oriented
to both men and women - Pansexual - is a new sexual orientation who are
sexually attracted to people regardless of their sex or
identity - Transgender - transiently or persistently identify with
a gender different from their natal gender.
man whose sexual and romantic attraction
is toward men
GAY
refers to a person whose sexual
orientation is toward another of the same sex
HOMOSEXUAL
is a person who may be sexually oriented
to both men and women
BISEXUAL
is a new sexual orientation who are sexually attracted to people regardless of their sex or
identity
PANSEXUAL
transiently or persistently identify with
a gender different from their natal gender.
TRANSGENDER
Human Immunodeficiency Virus/ Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome - an infection that attack and destroy the immune
system
HIV/ AIDS
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS (STIS)
- HIV/AIDS - Human Immunodeficiency Virus/
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome - an
infection that attack and destroy the immune system - Genital Herpes - sexually transmitted infection
caused by a large family of viruses of diff strains - Genital Warts - STI that caused by the human
papillomavirus; it is contagious - Ghonorrhea - STI caused by the bacterium
- Syphillis - STI caused by a bacterium spirochete
- Chlamydia - the most common STI
STI that caused by the human
papillomavirus; it is contagious
GENITAL WARTS
sexually transmitted infection
caused by a large family of viruses of diff strains
GENITAL HERPES
STI caused by the bacterium
GHONORRHEA
STI caused by bacterium spirochete
SYPHILLIS
METHODS OF CONTRACEPTION
- Hormonal Method of Contraception (prevents the release of an egg or ovulation)
a. Oral Contraceptive (Pills) - these are daily contraceptives.
b. The patch - It is a small patch you stick on to the skin. It
stops ovulation and is over 99% effective if used according to
instructions
c. The ring - the contraceptive vaginal ring is a small plastic ring
a woman inserts to her vagina every month and releases
hormones to stop ovulation.
d. Implants - a contraceptive implant that is small flexible rod
that is place under the skin of the upper arm by a health
professional and releases progestogen to stop ovulation
e. Injectable - the contraceptive injection which is a long acting
reversible contraception does not depend on you taking it daily
and is more than 99% effective.
- Barrier Methods (methods that physically or chemically block the sperm from reaching an egg and provide a barrier between direct skin to skin contacts)
a. Diaphragm - It is a soft dome made of latex or
silicone and is used as spermicide
b. Cervical Caps - these are similar to the
diaphragm, though they are generally always made
of silicone.
c. Male and Female Condoms or spermicides - male condom is made up of latex put over the
penis to stop the sperm from entering vagina
- Behavioral Methods
a. Rhythm or Calendar Method - It is a way to determine a woman’s most fertile and infertile times by charting the menstrual cycle. It is also known as natural family planning or fertility awareness
b. Abstinence or celibacy - it refer to the avoidance of sexual intercourse
c. Outercourse - it is a sexual activity that does not
include the insertion of the penis into the vagina.
d. Withdrawal - it happens when and when a man removes his penis from the vagina and ejaculates outside of the woman’s body.
- Sterilization (procedures that make an individual
permanently incapable of conceiving or fertilizing a
partner)
a. Tubal ligation/sterilization -it is the surgery for woman
in which fallopian tube are tied to prevent eggs from
travelling to the uterus so a woman get pregnant
b. Vasectomy - It is an operation in which the surgeon
makes a small cut in the upper part of the scrotum then
ties or blocks the vas deferens. Men can still have orgasm
or ejaculation after the operation.
- Intrauterine Device (IUD) - It is a small device that is
placed in the uterus by a doctor to prevent pregnancy
The most common STI
CHLAMYDIA
It is a small device that is
placed in the uterus by a doctor to prevent pregnancy
Intrauterine Device (IUD)
- It is an operation in which the surgeon
makes a small cut in the upper part of the scrotum then
ties or blocks the vas deferens. Men can still have orgasm
or ejaculation after the operation.
VASECTOMY
it is the surgery for woman
in which fallopian tube are tied to prevent eggs from
travelling to the uterus so a woman get pregnant
Tubal ligation/sterilization
(procedures that make an individual
permanently incapable of conceiving or fertilizing a
partner)
STERILIZATION
It is a way to
determine a woman’s most fertile and infertile
times by charting the menstrual cycle. It is also
known as natural family planning or fertility
awareness
RHYTHM OR CALENDAR METHOD
it refer to the
avoidance of sexual intercourse
ABSTINENCE OR CELIBACY
it happens when and when a man
removes his penis from the vagina and ejaculates
outside of the woman’s body.
WITHDRAWAL
it is a sexual activity that does not
include the insertion of the penis into the vagina.
OUTERCOURSE
It is a soft dome made of latex or
silicone and is used as spermicide
DIAPHRAGM
(methods that physically or
chemically block the sperm from reaching an egg
and provide a barrier between direct skin to skin
contacts)
BARRIER METHOD
these are similar to the
diaphragm, though they are generally always made
of silicone.
CERVICAL CAPS
male condom is made up of latex put over the
penis to stop the sperm from entering vagina
MALE OR FEMALE CONDOMS OR SPERMICIDES
(prevents the release of
an egg or ovulation)
HORMONAL METHOD OF CONTRACEPTION
these are daily contraceptives.
ORAL CONTRACEPTIVE PILLS
It is a small patch you stick on to the skin. It
stops ovulation and is over 99% effective if used according to
instructions
THE PATCH
the contraceptive vaginal ring is a small plastic ring
a woman inserts to her vagina every month and releases
hormones to stop ovulation.
THE RING
a contraceptive implant that is small flexible rod
that is place under the skin of the upper arm by a health
professional and releases progestogen to stop ovulation
IMPLANTS
the contraceptive injection which is a long acting
reversible contraception does not depend on you taking it daily
and is more than 99% effective.
INJECTABLE
It is the total of all the tangible things you own. -
“You are what you have”
MATERIAL SELF
