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UTS > spiritual self > Flashcards

spiritual self Flashcards

1
Q

More concerned with growing and
experiencing the Divine

A

spiritual

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2
Q

Approach of love, where there is no
condemnation and judgment, but
where there is mercy and
acceptance

A

spiritual

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3
Q

Believes in God who is omnipresent
and omniscient, who is a living
presence in a person’s heart

A

spiritual

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4
Q

All faiths are valid

A

spiritual

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5
Q

Believes in god or group of gods
and consciously adheres to the
beliefs of his/her religion

A

religious

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6
Q

Approach of fear, which emphasizes sin, guilt, and concept of punishment

A

religious

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7
Q

God is depicted as separate from
humanity, who is impartial but
impersonal

A

religious

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8
Q

The need to convert others to their
faith

A

religious

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9
Q

contemplative practices (4)

A

meditation
prayer
yoga
journaling

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10
Q

Mental exercises focusing on breathing or repeating a mantra

A

mediation

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11
Q

Is done to reach a heightened level of spiritual awareness

A

meditation

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12
Q

Can induce feelings of calmness and clear-headedness
* Can also improve concentration and attention

A

meditation

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13
Q

A form of spiritual connection with God (supplication, thanksgiving, adoration, or confession)

A

prayer

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14
Q

May elicit a relaxation response, along with feelings of hope, gratitude, and compassion

A

prayer

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15
Q

Can provide a sense of comfort and
support in difficult times

A

prayer

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16
Q

A Hindu spiritual and ascetic discipline

A

yoga

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17
Q

Teaches the suppression of all mind and body activity to realize the self’s
distinction from the material world and attain liberation

A

yoga

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18
Q

A system of physical postures, breathing techniques, and sometimes meditation

A

yoga

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19
Q

Helps a person become aware of his/her inner life and feel more connected to his/her experience and the world around him/her

A

journaling

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20
Q

May help a person find life’s meaning despite of the challenges faced

A

journaling

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21
Q

“The belief in and worship of a superhuman controlling power, especially a personal God or gods” (Oxford University Press, 2017)

A

religion

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22
Q

“A particular system of faith and worship” (University of Minnesota Human Rights Center, 2016)

A

religion

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23
Q

“A systematic attribution of human characteristics or behavior to a god, animal, or object” (Anthropomorphism)

A

religion

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24
Q

Four Dimensions of Religion (Dawson & Thiessen, 2014)

A

belief
ritual
spiritual experience
unique social forms of community

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25
Q

A generalized system of ideas and values that shape how members of a religious group come to understand the world around them

A

belief

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26
Q

Taught by religious authorities through formal creeds, doctrines, as well as through stories, songs, and myths

A

belief

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27
Q

Repeated physical gestures or activities used to reinforce religious teachings, elicit spiritual feelings, and connect worshippers with a higher power
* Examples are baptism and wedding

A

ritual

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28
Q

A feeling of immediate connection with the higher power
* “To one who has faith, no explanation is necessary. To one without faith, no explanation is possible.
” – St. Thomas Aquinas

A

spiritual experience

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29
Q

“Unite in one single community called a Church, all those who adhere to them” – Emile Durkheim (1915-1964)

A

unique social forms of community

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30
Q

Categories of Religion

A

polytheism
montheism/monotheism
antheism/atheism
animism

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31
Q

religion with Multiple gods

A

polytheism

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32
Q

religion with Single god

A

montheism/monotheism

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33
Q

religion with No deities

A

antheism/atheism

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34
Q

religion with Nonhuman beings (animals, plants, natural world)

A

animism

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35
Q

polytheism religions (3)

A

hinduism
ancient greeks
ancient romans

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36
Q

montheism religions (3)

A

judiasm
islam
christianity

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37
Q

antheism religions (3)

A

atheism
buddhism
taoism

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38
Q

animism religions (2)

A

indigenous nature worship
shinto

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39
Q

The earliest of the three monotheistic, Abrahamic
religion

A

Judaism

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40
Q

The religion, philosophy, and way of life of Jewish people
* There is one omnipotent and omniscient God.

A

Judaism

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41
Q

Judaism: the Law, including the Ten Commandments, given to Moses on Mount Sinai

A

Torah

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42
Q

Two main groups of Judaism:

A

Orthodox and Progressive
or Reform Judaism

43
Q

Believes in one God, who has three personas – Father, Son, and Holy Spirit

A

Christianity

44
Q

Based on the life and ministry of Jesus Christ, which is told through the Bible

A

Christianity

45
Q

Types of Christian community: (4)

A

Roman Catholic,
Orthodox,
Protestant, and
Evangelical

46
Q

The word “Islam” means

A

“submission to the will of God”

47
Q

Islam Comes from the root word “???” meaning “???”

A

Salam, peace

48
Q

Muslims are monotheistic and worship one, all-knowing God, who in Arabic is known as ???

A

Allah

49
Q

Islam: was believed to be the final prophet sent by God to reveal their faith to mankind.

A

Muhammad (Mohammed or Mohammad)

50
Q

the major holy text of Islam

A

The Quran (or Koran)

51
Q

Originated and developed in India
* Considered as the world’s oldest religion

A

Hinduism

52
Q

Believes in one Supreme God, Brahman, who is revealed
in three aspects: Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva

A

Hinduism

53
Q

Hinduism: Believes in one Supreme God, Brahman, who is revealed
in three aspects:

A

Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva

54
Q

The sacred text of Hinduism is the ???

A

Vedas

55
Q

Vedas: divided into four parts

A

Rig-Veda, Sama-Veda, YajurVeda, and Atharava-Veda

56
Q

Guided by the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama Buddha,
the “enlightened one”

A

Buddhism

57
Q

Buddhism: Main source of faith and practice is the

A

Dharma

58
Q

Believes in the Four Noble Truths and follows the Eightfold Paths

A

Buddhism

59
Q

are quasi-physical and can exist outside the body (i.e., in dreams and in visions) and can transfer from one body to another.

A

souls

60
Q

Souls persist after ??? and become ???.

A

death, ghosts

61
Q

deceased ancestral souls, dwell in the environment and forces in nature.

A

Spirits

62
Q

according to the Bisaya: a life force, an energy, as well as an ethereal entity, a spirit with a will of its own that resides in the human body and provides essence of
life (Magos, 1992).

A

Dungan

63
Q

according to the Bisaya: These spirits inhabit a region above the earth before inhabiting their chosen unborn human being

A

Dungan

64
Q

according to the Bisaya: The Dungan can temporarily leave the body when a person is ??? or ???

A

asleep or sick

65
Q

according to the Bisaya: When an individual dies, the Dungan is ???. It goes back to the air and back to the regions above the earth and chooses a new unborn
being to inhabit.

A

lost permanently

66
Q

according to the Ilonggo: may not normally be seen by the
human eye, but may take on other visible forms such as that of insects.

A

Dungan

67
Q

according to the Ilonggo: When an individual is asleep, the Dungan leaves the body to ???. Only when it comes back can an individual ???

A

travel, wake up

68
Q

It is known as the breath of life and is responsible for the heart’s ability to beat.

A

Ginhawa

69
Q

it is believed that when the ??? left the body, the person dies.

A

ginhawa

70
Q

meaning a breathing
(respiration, and of the wind),
breath, breath of god, hence,
inspiration, breath of life

A

spiritus

71
Q

meaning the spiritual
and emotional part of a person’s
existence

A

sawol

72
Q

Biblical Belief = the Holy Spirit

A

Spirit

73
Q

Biblical Beliefs =
conscious, moral, and thinking
part of a person
immortal and can go to hell,
purgatory, or heaven after death

A

soul

74
Q

western: spirit

A

ghost or any other supernatural being

75
Q

western: soul

A

a person’s moral consciousness

76
Q

Eastern Culture: spirit (Taoism)

A

nature and ancestor spirits

77
Q

Eastern Culture: spirit (Shinto)

A

shamanism

78
Q

Eastern Culture: spirit (Confucianism)

A

existence of animistic spirits, ghosts, and deities

79
Q

Eastern Culture: Soul

A

part of a person’s dharma, which
is one’s obligation with respect
to caste, social custom, civil law,
and sacred law
- Hinduism and Buddhism

80
Q

Person: The spiritual self is the most intimate and subjective part of the self

A

William James

81
Q

William James: The ??? is a person’s ability to think of himself as a thinker, and enables him to engage in morality, sensibility, and consciousness

A

spirit

82
Q

William James: satisfies the spiritual self

A

Finding the meaning of life

83
Q

The Soul: Ifugao

A

Linnawa or the soul of the dead

84
Q

The Soul: Isneg

A
  • Kaduwa
  • Aglalanawan – realm of the dead
85
Q

The Soul: Kankanaey

A

A person is composed of a physical body and ab-abiik

86
Q

The Soul: Tagalog

A
  • Kaluluwa or the soul of the deceased
  • Kakambal or the soul of the living
87
Q

The Soul: Ilokano

A

Four soul-system:
kararua (soul proper),
karkarma (natural vigor, mind, and reason),
aniwaas (can leave the
body during sleep), and
araria (liberated soul of the
dead)

88
Q

The Soul: Ibanag/Ybanag

A
  • baggi (body) and ikaruruwa (soul)
89
Q

The soul has physical characteristics and gives direction
and wholeness to the man.

A

Ibanag/Ybanag

90
Q

The Soul: Hanunoo Mangyan

A

Plurality of soul

91
Q

The Soul: Tagbanwa

A

Kiyaraluwa or one true soul and five secondary souls
(found in both hands and feet, head, and air whorl)

92
Q

The Soul: Ethnic tribes of
Bukidnon

A

Gimukod
* Two types of gimukod: right hand (good soul) and left
hand (bad soul)

93
Q

are symbolic expressions and acts performed in respect of spiritual and sacred laws.

A

Rituals

94
Q

are formal acts or rituals (often by custom or tradition) performed in observation of an event or anniversary.

A

Ceremonies

95
Q
  • Earliest form to explain ritual
  • Ritual is a part of human evolution.
  • Through discovering the oldest culture and cults,
    contemporary human rituals can be explained
A

Origin Approach

96
Q

Ritual is a part of ???

A

human evolution

97
Q
  • Rituals was believed to be defined by its function in the society.
  • Explains ritual behavior in terms of individual and social needs
A

FUNCTIONAL APPROACH (EVIDENCE-BASED)

98
Q

Ritual behavior is an expression of the sacred; how the material human connects with the transcendent realm or the ultimate reality

A

HISTORY OF RELIGIONS APPROACH

99
Q

Classification of Rituals (4)

A

immitative
negative
sacrificial
life crisis

100
Q

Ritual: Patterned after myths, and repeats the myths or aspects of the myth

A

immitative rituals

101
Q

Ritual: Something should be avoided because it is
forbidden

A

negative ritual

102
Q

Ritual: Total destruction of the sacrifice (i.e., human being, animal, food crops, or objects) as an offering to a higher being

A

Sacrificial rituals

103
Q

Ritual: Transition of one mode or stage of life into another; defines the life of an individual

A

life crisis

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