sexual self Flashcards
If the egg is fertilized with a sperm
carrying the X-chromosome, the gonads should develop into ??? and the offspring will be ???
ovaries, female
If the egg is fertilized with a sperm
carrying the Y-chromosome, the gonads should develop into ??? and the offspring will be ???
testes, male
puberty stage 1 in girls
age
8-11
- enlargement of ovaries and hormone production starts
- no visible external development yet
puberty stage 1 in girls
puberty stage 1 in boys
age
9-12
- male hormones bcome a lot active
- growth spurt begins
- no visible external development yet
puberty stage 1 in boys
puberty stage 2 in girls
age
8-14
- Development of the breasts
and first breast buds - Area around the nipple
(aureole) increases in size - Pubic hair may also appear
- Increase in height and weight
- Body gets rounder and curvier
puberty stage 2 in girls
puberty stage 2 in boys
age
9-15
- Increase in height and the shape of the body changes
- Development of muscle tissue and fat
- Aureole becomes darker and increases in size
- Testicles and scrotum grow
- Pubic hair begins to appear at the base of the penis
puberty stage 2 in boys
puberty stage 3 in girls
age
9-15
- Breasts continue to grow
- Pubic hair gets courser and
darker - Whitish discharge in the vagina
- First menstrual period may begin
puberty stage 3 in girls
puberty stage 3 in boys
age
11-16
- Penis starts to grow in length
- Pubic hair gets courser and darker
- Face begins to appear more
mature - Shoulders become broader
- Increase in muscle tissue
- Voice starts to change and
deepen - Facial hair on the upper lips
begins to develop
puberty stage 3 in boys
puberty stage 4 in girls
age
10-16
- Aureoles may even get even darker
and separate into little mounds - Pubic hair begins to have a more
adult triangular pattern of growth - Menarche should start now
- Ovulation starts
puberty stage 4 in girls
puberty stage 4 in boys
age
11-17
- Penis grows in width
- Testicles and scrotum continue to
grow; hair grows on the anus - The texture of the penis becomes
more adult-looking - Increase in underarm and facial hair
- First fertile ejaculation
- Skin gets oilier, and voice
continues to deepen
puberty stage 4 in boys
puberty stage 5 in girls
age
12-19
- Full height is reached
- Ovulation becomes regular
- Pubic hair is filled in
- Breasts are fully developed
puberty stage 5 in girls
puberty stage 5 in boys
age
14-18
- Full adult height
- Pubic hair and the genitals
look like an adult man’s do - Shaving is necessary
- Some continue to grow past
this point
puberty stage 5 in boys
The areas of the body that are highly sensitive when stimulated since these have a high number of sensory receptors or nerve endings that react to the stimuli.
erogenous zones
Two Types of Erogenous Zones in the Skin
nonspecific type
specific type
erogenous zone:
- Similar to any other portion of the
usual haired skin
nonspecific type
erogenous zone:
- Nerves are composed of the density of dermal-nerve and hair-follicle networks
nonspecific type
erogenous zone:
- An exaggerated form of tickle
nonspecific type
erogenous zone:
Includes the sides and back of the
neck, axilla (armpits, underarm),
and sides of the thorax (chest)
nonspecific type
erogenous zone:
- Found in the mucocutaneous regions of the body
specific type
erogenous zone:
- Favor acute perception
specific type
erogenous zone:
Includes the genital regions
(prepuce, penis, female external
genitalia or vulva, perianal skin,
lips, and nipples)
specific type
It refers to the structured series of changes the body goes through (physically, psychologically, emotionally) when a person is involved in a sexually simulating activity, such as intercourse and
masturbation.
sexual response cycle
Sexual Response Cycle (Masters and Johnson) 4 phases:
- excitement
- plateau
- orgasm
- resolution
- Initial physiological sexual arousal response
- Increased heart rate, respiration, and blood
pressure - Myotonia, vasocongestion, and nipple hardening or
erection - Flush or reddening of the skin
phase 1: excitement
- Intensifies the response from the excitement phase
- Continuous increase and stabilization of breathing,
blood flow, and heart rate
phase 2: plateau
- Sexual climax of excitement
- Shortest and generally last only for a few seconds
- A sense of euphoria and a feeling of tension relief
phase 3: orgasm
- The body returns to its normal functioning
- Refractory period – the recovery time after
orgasm.
phase 4: resolution
the recovery time after
orgasm
refractory period
considered as the largest sex organ of the body, which is responsible for controlling biological urges, mental processes, and emotional and physical responses to sex.
brain
- Translates nerve impulses sensed by the skin to pleasurable sensation
- Controls the nerves and muscles used in sexual activities
- Releases hormones (physiological origin of
sexual desire)
brain
responsible for sexual
thoughts and fantasies
cerebral cortex
the source of emotions and
feelings
limbic system
“love hormone”; desire to
maintain close relationships
oxytocin
hormone for ovulation in females
follicle-stimulating hormones (FSH)
regulates the testes and ovaries; stimulates the production of testosterone from the testes
luteinizing hormone (LH)
hormone for male arousal
vasopressin
regulates motivation to engage in sexual behavior for females
estrogen and progesterone
Stage:
- physical attraction
- desire for sexual gratification
stage 1: lust
the need for a person to reproduce
sexual gratification
lust is driven by (2)
testosterone and estrogen
stage: People are “love struck, blinded by love, or infatuated.”
attraction
Three chemical triggers for attraction:
norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin
stage:
- Desire for long lasting commitment
- Involves defense of territory, feeding and grooming, close proximity, separation anxiety, and shared tasks
attachment
gives a person an extra surge of energy and triggers increased heart rate, loss of appetite, and desire to sleep
norepinephrine
gives a person a feeling of ecstasy; produced when spending time with someone you love or during sexual
intercourse
dopamine
causes obsessive thinking
serotonin
Subjective feeling of wanting or interest to engage in sex
sexual desire
A basic, biological mediated motivation to seek sexual activity or
sexual gratification
sexual drive
has an important function in motivated behaviors, as well as sexual functioning
hypothalamus
the integrative center for emotions, emotional behavior, and motivation
amygdala
also known as the pleasure center, has an important role in motivation and cognitive processing of aversion
nucleus accumbens
based on the biological make-up and sexual characteristics of a person (male or female)
sex
a social construct, which includes roles, behaviors, expressions and identities
gender
a person’s emotional and erotic
attraction toward another individual
sexual orientation
one’s sense of being male or
female; how a person identifies himself/herself
gender identity
It is also known as sexually transmitted infections (STI). It is a
disease or infection acquired through sexual contract
sexually transmitted disease (STD)
the organisms that cause STD are passed from one person to another through
blood, semen, vaginal, or any other bodily fluids.
A parasitic bacterium that causes
unusual discharge, stinging in the
sex organ when urinating, lower
abdominal pain, lower back pain,
nausea, fever, and pain during sex
clamydia
- Passed down through unprotected
oral, anal, and vaginal sex - The bacteria spread to warm,
moist areas of the body such as
the eyes, throat, mouth, vagina,
the entire reproductive tract,
urethra, and anus
gonorrhea
- Caused by a virus that infects the
skin, mouth, mucous membranes
of the genitals, and the rectum - Can also be transmitted through
sharing towels with an infected
person
genital herpes
- Caused by a virus characterized by
rough, wart-like growths - Usually found around the head of
the penis (men), and around the
vaginal opening and could spread
to the rectal area as well as the
cervix (women)
genital warts
A dangerous and life threatening bacterial disease that could affect other vital organs such as the heart,
spine, and brain
syphilis
Caused by parasites such as lice and mites
ectoparasitic infections
also known as crab louse
that live on the pubic hair
pubic lice
caused by mites that live on the skin, which cause itching on various parts of the body and characterized by small bumps on the skin
scabies
“The Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health Act of 2012”
RA 10354
The right to equality and nondiscrimination of these rights, the right to sustainable human development, the right to health which includes reproductive health, the right to education and information, and the right to choose and make decisions for themselves in accordance with their religious convictions, ethics, cultural beliefs, and the demands of responsible parenthood
RA 10354
It is the will and ability of parent(s) to respond to the needs and aspirations of the family and
children.
responsible parenthood
It is the will and ability of parent(s) to respond to the needs and aspirations of the family and
children.
responsible parenthood
It can be defined as a state of complete well-being in matters relating to one’s sexual and reproductive life.
reproductive health
It implies that people are able to have a responsible, safe, consensual and satisfying sex life and that they have the capability to reproduce and the freedom to decide of, when, and how often to do so
reproductive health
It allows both men and women to make informed choices on
when and if they decide to have children.
family planning
Methods of Contraception (6)
- natural
- long-acting reversible contraception
- hormonal contraception
- barrier method
- fertility awareness
- permanent contraception
Periodic abstinence, lactational amenorrhea method (LAM), coitus interruptus (withdrawal or pulling out) method
natural method
Implants or intra uterine device (IUD)
Long-acting reversible contraception
Birth control pill, birth control injection
hormonal contraception
condoms
barrier method
periodic abstinence method
fertility awareness
vasectomy, tubal ligation
permanent contraception
it is the method that uses the body’s natural physiological changes and symptoms to identify the fertile and infertile phases of the menstrual cycle
natural family planning method
natural family planning method (3)
- Periodic abstinence (fertility awareness) method
- Use of breastfeeding or lactational amenorrhea method
(LAM) - Coitus interruptus (withdrawal or pulling out) method
- Involves refraining from sexual intercourse
- Considered as the most effective natural birth control
method
periodic abstinence method
Types of periodic abstinence method:
- rhythm (calendar) method
- basal body temperature monitoring
- cervical mucus (ovulation) method
Involves refraining from having sex during a woman’s fertile days
rhythm or calendar method
A woman is likely to get pregnant if she has sex ??? days before ovulation and ??? days after ovulation
3-4, 3-4
It is the woman’s lowest body temperature at rest on a given day.
basal body temperature
Based on carefully observing the woman’s mucus patterns during ovulation
* A woman is fertile during the days when she observes her cervical mucus is thin and watery, plus the day after it as well
cervical mucus method
It is the temporary infertility that occurs in a woman when she is not menstruating after giving birth and that she is fully breastfeeding.
Lactation Amenorrhea Method (LAM)
A man pulls out his penis from a woman’s vagina prior to ejaculation so that the sperm is not ejected inside the woman’s reproductive system.
Withdrawal or Pull-out Method
Also known as the pill
* Contains synthetic estrogen and
progesterone
oral contraceptives
??? suppresses ovulation, while ??? decreases the
permeability of the cervical mucus to limit the sperm’s access to the ova.
estrogen, progesterone
A medicated adhesive patch that is
placed on the skin to deliver a specific dose of medication through the skin and into the bloodstream
* Contains both estrogen and
progesterone, and is attached once a week for three weeks
TRANSDERMAL CONTRACEPTIVE PATCH
Inserted into the vagina and slowly
releases hormones through the vaginal wall into the bloodstream to prevent pregnancy
* Releases a dose of estrogen and progesterone into the bloodstream
vaginal ring
- Involve the delivery of a steroid
progestin from polymer capsules or
rods placed under the skin - Effectiveness for 1 to 5 years
subdermal implants
- Given once every three months
- Typically suppresses ovulation, keeping the ovaries from releasing an egg
- Also thickens cervical mucus to keep sperm from reaching the egg
hormonal injections
- A small, T-shaped plastic device
wrapped in copper or contains
hormones - Prevents fertilization of the egg by
damaging or killing sperm
intrauterine device
- Used to cause the death of sperms before they can enter the cervix
- Lowers the pH level of the vagina
SPERMICIDES, VAGINAL GELS &
CREAMS, AND GLYCERIN FILMS
- Made of latex (rubber) and formed like a shallow cup
- Dome-shaped barrier that block sperms from entering the uterus
- Filled with spermicide and fitted over the uterine cervix
diaphragm
- A silicone cup inserted in the vagina to cover the cervix and keep sperm out of the uterus
- Spermicide is added
cervical cap
A latex or synthetic rubber sheath placed on the erect penis before vaginal penetration to trap the sperm during ejaculation
male condom
A thin pouch inserted into the vagina before sex, serving as protective barrier to prevent pregnancy and protection from sexually transmitted diseases
female condom
- A surgical operation wherein the tube that carries the sperm to a man’s penis is cut
- A permanent male contraception
method
vasectomy
- A surgical procedure for female sterilization involving severing and tying of the fallopian tubes
- Disrupts the movement of the egg to the uterus for fertilization and blocks sperm from traveling up the fallopian tubes to the egg
tubal ligation
