Spirits, Beer, Sake, Liquours Flashcards
1
Q
What is the boiling point of ethyl alcohol at sea level?
A
173 degrees F
78 degrees C
2
Q
Who originally used fractional distillation for perfumes?
A
Babylonians
3
Q
Who can modern distillation be traced to?
A
8th c. Arabic chemist/alchemist Jabir ibn Hayyan
4
Q
Where does the word alcohol come from?
A
Derived from the Arabic word ‘al-koh’l’- a cosmetic powder purified through distillation
5
Q
In distillation, what parts are discarded?
A
The heads and the tails:
- Heads- the first vapors to condense, contain congeners such a methanol (a toxic alcohol)
- Tails- unwanted congeners tend to collect in this
6
Q
What is a Coffey?
A
Continuous Still
7
Q
What is a patent still?
A
Continuous still
8
Q
What two columns does the continuous still have?
A
Analyzer and Rectifier
9
Q
What form of heating does a continuous still use?
A
Steam, rather than direct heat
10
Q
How is the product of a continuous still different from a pot still?
A
The alcohol is condensed in a purer fashion, stripping the alcohol of excess congeners and flavors, creating a higher-alcohol spirit
11
Q
What was ‘proof’ originally?
A
Until 1980, Britain based its legal calculation of alcohol strength of liquor on a simple test, or ‘proof’: the ability of gunpowder to combust when doused in the spirit
12
Q
What is ‘proof’ today?
A
Today in the US and EU it is stated as a percentage of alcohol by volume at 20 degrees C
13
Q
What is the range for ABV for liqueurs
A
15-30%
14
Q
What is aquavit?
A
Scandinavian vodka flavored with caraway
15
Q
Where is Ikon from?
A
Russia (vodka)
16
Q
Where is Chopin from?
A
Poland (vodka)
17
Q
Where is Ketel One from?
A
Holland (vodka)
18
Q
Requirements for vodka in the EU.
A
- Must be neutral in flavor.
- Must have a minimum of 37.5% ABV
- If it is not made from potatoes or grain, an EU producer must state the products used in fermentation on the label
19
Q
Where is Stolichnaya from?
A
Russia (vodka)
20
Q
Where is Belvedere from?
A
Poland (vodka)
21
Q
Where is Grey Goose from?
A
France (vodka- distilled in a pot still)
22
Q
Where is Tito’s from?
A
Texas (vodka- made from corn in a pot still)
23
Q
Which country produces soju and which produces shochu?
A
- Soju- Korea
- Shochu- Japan
24
Q
What is the big difference between soju and shochu?
A
Soju (Korean) is filtered through charcoal, where shochu (Japanese) is not
25
What is awamori?
An Okinawan style of shochu, always distrilled from rice
26
What are soju and shochu traditionally distilled from?
Sake
27
How does one produce gin?
A neutral grain spirit is flavored with a range of botanicals -juniper berries being the most important- and redistilled
28
What are the four main styles of gin?
- London Dry
- Genever
- Plymouth
- Old Tom
29
What other flavoring components are common amongst London Dry Gins?
Besides juniper berries, London Dry Gin generally contains a noticeable citrus and spice element ( orange and lemon peel, anise, cardamom, coriander, nutmeg, angelica root, and other aromatic substances)
30
Name 5 London Dry Gins.
- Beefeater
- Tanqueray
- Bombay Sapphire
- Gordon's
- Boodles
31
Where was gin developed?
Holland
32
What is Genever?
The spirit is produced in a pot still and is sweeter but less alcoholic than London Dry Gin.
- Juniper and malt are the dominant aromatics (traditionally contained a minimum of 15% malt wine)
- May be aged in oak casks
33
Describe the following styles of Genever:
- Oude
- Jonge
- Corenwyn
- Oude: (old) traditional style with a minimum of 15% malt wine
- Jonge: (young) a cleaner, more neutral style with less malt wine
- Corenwyn: (corn wine) a cask aged version in which malt wine comprised at least 51% of the distillate
34
When was Plymouth Gin revived?
1996
35
Who is the only producer of Plymouth Gin?
Plymouth, Coates & Co.
36
What is Old Tom Gin?
A lightly sweetened gin
37
What distillery revived Old Tom Gin?
Hayman's Distillery
38
When was the Whiskey Rebellion?
1794 (led George Washington to invoke martial law)
39
Who distilled Kentucky's first whiskey? When?
Rev. Elijah Craig in 1789
40
What is the minimum percentage of corn that must be used for Bourbon?
51%
41
What are the aging requirements for Bourbon?
- Bourbon Whiskey is aged in charred new oak casks.
- If the whiskey is aged for at least two years and made without any added coloring or flavoring, it may be labeled as "straight" Bourbon.
- If aged for less than four years, the distiller must also state the length of aging on the bottle
42
What are the requirements for Tennessee whiskey?
- Must be filtered with maple charcoal prior to aging
- Must be manufactured in the state of Tennessee
- Made from at least 51% corn
- Must be aged in new, charred oak barrels
43
What are the requirements for rye whiskey?
- Must be distilled from at least 51% rye
| - Must be aged in new charred oak barrels for a minimum of 2 years
44
Name 2 rye whiskeys.
Sazerac and Rittenhouse
45
What are the requirements for corn whiskey?
- Must be produced from a minimum 80% corn
| - May be unaged or aged in used or uncharred new barrels
46
What barrels are typically used for Scotch production?
Used Bourbon and Sherry casks
47
What are the five legal categories of Scotch whisky as of 2009?
- Single Malt
- Single Grain
- Blended Malt
- Blended Grain
- Blended Scotch
48
What are the requirements for single malt scotch?
- Distilled from malted barley in a pot still at a single distillery
- Must be bottled in Scotland (as of 2012)
49
What are the requirements for single grain scotch?
- Produced at a single distillery
| - From unmalted barley, wheat or corn
50
What are the requirements for blended malt scotch?
-Produced from a blend of malt whiskies.
51
What are the requirements for blended grain scotch?
-Produced from two or more grain whiskies
52
What are the requirements for blended scotch?
-A mixture of malt and grain whiskies produced at a number of different distilleries
53
What are the regulations from the 2009 Scotch Whisky Regulations?
- All whisky producers must provide an indication of the category on the label
- Eradicated the old term 'pure malt'- a synonym for blended malt whiskies
- Must be produced in Scotland
- Must be distilled twice (or more)
- Must be aged at least 3 years
54
What is the minimum ABV for Scotch?
40%
55
What are the 6 regions of production for Scotch?
- Highlands
- Lowlands
- Speyside
- Islay
- Campbeltown
- The Islands
56
Name 4 distilleries in the Highlands region of Scotland.
- Oban
- Glenmorangie
- Dalwhinnie
- Dalmore
57
What region of Scotland is often the lightest and least smoky?
Lowlands
58
Name 3 distilleries in the Lowlands region of Scotland.
- Glenkinchie
- Auchentoshan
- Bladnoch
59
What region of Scotland is generally milder and fruity in character?
Speyside
60
Name 3 distilleries in the Speyside region of Scotland.
- Glenlivet
- Glenfiddich
- Macallan
61
Name the only 3 distilleries of the Campbeltown region of Scotland.
- Glen Scotia
- Glengyle
- Springbank
62
What region of Scotland generally has pronounced peatiness and toasted seaweed character?
The Islands
63
What are the major Scotch-producing islands?
- Skye
- Jura
- Mull
- Arran
- Orkney
64
Name 2 distilleries from the Islands region of Scotland.
- Highland Park (Orkney)
| - Talisey (Skye)
65
What region of Scotland has the most peaty, smoky style?
Islay
66
Name 3 distilleries of the Islay region of Scotland.
- Ardbeg
- Lagavulin
- Laphroaig
67
What two distilleries pioneered the style of wood-finished?
Glenmorangie and Balvenie
68
Name the different barrels that can be used for wood-finished scotch.
- Port
- Sherry
- Madeira
- Burgundy
- Sauternes
69
What are the three most active distilleries of Ireland?
- Old Bushmills
- Cooley
- New Midleton (maker of Jameson)
70
What are the requirements for Irish whiskey?
Must be aged for a minimum of three years prior to release
71
What type of still is used in the production of Irish whiskey?
Traditionally a pot still (3 times) but many are now produced with a continuous still.
72
What are the requirements for Canadian Rye whiskey?
- Must be aged for 3 years prior to sale
| - No legal requirement for the rye whiskey to contain a high proportion of rye
73
Who is the most famous producer of Japanese whiskey?
Suntory
74
What is the base for distillation for brandy?
Wine
75
How is Brandy defined by the EU?
As the distillation of wine- not pomace- with a minimum ABV of 36% and a minimum oak aging period of 6 months.
76
When was Cognac AOC first defined? When was it finalized?
1909
| 1938
77
Where is Cognac situated in France?
Northeast of Bordeaux
78
What are the 6 defined regions of production for Cognac?
- Grande Champagne
- Petite Champagne
- Borderies
- Fins Bois
- Bons Bois
- Bois Ordinaires
79
What are the soils of Grande and Peitie Champagne regions of Cognac?
They have a high percentage of sot chalk
80
What are the soils of the outlying regions of Cognac?
They have a higher proportion of hard limestone, sand and clay
81
What are the permitted grape varieties for Cognac?
- Ugni Blanc (accounts for 98% of vineyard land)
- Folle Blanche
- Colombard
82
How many times is Cognac distilled? In what type of still?
Twice in a copper Charentais pot still
83
What is the brouillis?
The first distillation of cognac in which the product is a spirit of 28-32% ABV. It will be distilled again
84
What is bonne chauffe?
The second distillation of Cognac
85
What is the bonne chauffe divided in to?
- Tête- heads
- Coeur- hearts
- Secondes- second cuts
- Queue- tails
86
What are the designations of age for Cognac?
refers to the youngest eau-de-vie in the blend
- VS/***- (Very Special)- at least 2 years in cask
- VSOP- (Very Special/Superior Old Pale)- at least 4 years in cask
- XO- (Extra Old)- at least 6 years in cask (will increase to 10 years in 2018)
87
Are vintage Cognacs legal?
Yes, but they are rare
88
What is the requirement for labeling an individual region on a Cognac bottle?
100% of the eau-de-vie must originate in the named area
89
What is Fine Champagne Cognac?
Distilled entirely from wines produced in the Grande Champagne and Petite Champagne regions, with Grande Champagne composing at least 50% of the blend
90
Where is Armagnac AOC located?
Southeast of Bordeaux
91
What are the three regions of Armagnac?
- Haut-Armagnac
- Bas-Armagnac
- Armagnac-Ténarèze
92
What are the primary grapes of Armagnac?
- Ugni Blanc
- Colombard
- Folle Blanche (Picpoul)
- Baco Blanc (the only hybrid grape authorized in any French AOP appellation)
93
What type of still do majority of Armagnac producers use?
A simpler version of the copper continuous still (predating Coffey's 1831 model) that produces a more flavorful, less pure, and less alcoholic spirit than double distillation in a pot still
94
When did Blanche Armagnac receive AOC status? How long is it aged?
- 2005
| - Bottled after 3 months in an inert container
95
What are the aging indications for Armagnac?
Had to be adopted by 2013
- VS/***: rested in barrel for 1-3 years
- VSOP: rested in barrel for 4-9 years
- XO/ Hors d'Age: rested in arrel at least 10 years
96
What are the former aging indications of Armagnac (prior to 2013)?
- VS/***: at least 2 years
- VSOP: at least 5 years
- XO: at least 6 years
97
What is the minimum ABV for Armagnac?
40%
98
How long must vintage Armagnac be aged prior to release?
10 years
99
Name 4 major Cognac houses.
- Remy martin
- Hennessy
- Martell
- Courvoisier
100
Name 2 Armagnac producers.
- Larressingle
| - Château Laubade
101
Name 3 other brandy production areas of France.
- Fine de Bordeaux
- Fine de Borgogne
- Fine de la Marne
102
Who produces Weinbraund? From where? What grapes foes he use?
- Asbach
- German
- In a Charentais pot still
- Uses base wine produced from Cognac grapes
103
Where is Brandy de Jerez produced? What grapes are used? What type of still is used? How are they aged? What type of barrels are used?
- Sherry region of Spain
- Base wines made from Airen and Palomino grapes
- Distilled in copper stills
- Aged in a solera system
- Use of used American oak sherry casks
104
What do 'solera', 'solera reserva' and 'solera gran reserva' indicate for Brandy de Jerez?
- Solera: aged 1 year on average
- Solera Reserva: aged 3 years on average
- Solera Gran Reserva: aged 10 years on average
105
Name 3 producers of Brandy de Jerez.
- Domecq
- Emilio Lustau
- Osborne
106
What are the names for pommace based spirits in France? Italy? Portugal?
- France = Marc
- Italy = Grappa
- Portugal = Bagaceira
107
Who was the first to distill a single grape variety for grappa?
Giannola Nonino
| -used Picolit
108
What are the wood-aged examples of Grappa?
- Riserva
- Stravecchia
- Vecchia
- Invecchiata
109
Where is Calvados?
Normandy region of northern France
110
What are the 3 areas of Calvados production?
- Calvados
- Calvados Domfrontais
- Calvados Pays d'Auge
111
What is perry?
Pear Cider used in the production of Calvados
112
What are the requirements of Calvads Pays d'Auge?
Limits pear cider to a maximum of 30%
113
What are the requirements of Calvados Domfrontais?
- Requires a minimum of 30% pear cider
- Must be aged in cask for a minimum of 3 years
- Must be produced using a continuous still
114
What are the labeling terms for Calvados?
- Vieux/Reserve: 3 years of age
- Vieille Reserve/VSOP: 4 years of age
- XO/Hors d'Age/Extra/Napoleon: min 6 years of age
115
```
What are these Eua de vies made from:
Kirschwasser?
Poire William?
Framboise?
Mirabelle?
Quetsch?
Boukha?
Barack Palinka?
```
- Kirschwasser: (Kirsch) black cherries
- Poire William: Williams (Bartlett) pear perry
- Framboise: raspberry
- Mirabelle: (Mirabelle) plum
- Quetsch: (Questch) plum
- Boukha: fig (from Tunisia)
- Barack Palinka: apricot (Hungary)
116
What is distilled to make rum?
Fermented sugarcane or molasses
117
Where did rum originate?
In the Caribbean in the 17th century
118
What are the four main styles of run?
- Light rum
- Dark rum
- Demerara rum
- Rhum agricole
119
What is Demerara rum?
A light rum style unique to Guyana, where the spirit is distilled from molasses and sometimes aged for over a decade prior to release
120
What is Cachaça produced from? Where?
- Fermented sugarcane
| - Brazil
121
What is Rhum agricole?
- A French style
- Produced mainly on the island of Martinique
- May only be produced from suagrcane juice
- Column distillation is mandated
122
Where is the majority of Tequila produced? What other states have areas of production?
- Most Tequila is produced in and around the city of the same name in the western state of Jalisco
- Other states include:
- -Gaunajuato
- -Tamaulipas
- -Nayarit
- -Michoacan
123
What is Tequila produced from?
- From the fermented juice of the pina of the blue agave plant (Agave Tequiliana)
- However, most Tequila is mixto, only requiring 51% blue agave, and the rest is made up with other sugars
124
What are the age indications for Tequila?
- Blanco/Silver: bottled immediately after distillation
- Reposado: aged 60 days to 1 year in oak casks
- Anejo: 1-3 years in cask
- Extra Anejo: min 3 years (category established in 2006)
125
True or false:
| All Tequila is mezcal, but not all mezcal is Tequila.
True
126
What is mescal distilled from? What are the common types used?
Distilled from fermented agave
- Maguey (Agave Americana)
- Espadin Agave (Agave Angustifolia)
127
What are the two main steps for brewing beer?
- The brewer must derive the wort from malted grain
| - Then the wort is fermented
128
What is the wort?
A sugar-rich liquid derived from malted grains
129
What are the four main ingredients of beer?
- Water
- Yeast
- A start source (grains)
- Hops
130
How do you malt grains for beer production?
The grain is steeped in water for approximately two days to promote germination of the grain.
- Once it begins to germinate, or sprout, it is transferred to compartments with controlled temperature and moisture levels
- As the sprout grows to nearly an inch in length, the enzyme amylase is produced, which converts the starchy carbs to fermentable sugars
- This is then roasted to halt further growth
131
What is the cereal grain used for most beers?
Barley
132
What is green malt?
Unroasted malt
133
What two sugars are produced when malting grains?
Mlatose and Dextrin
| -both fermentable
134
What are the two subsets of beer?
Lagers and Ales
135
What is the major difference between a lager and an ale?
Lager wort is cooled to a lower temperature for fermentation and uses bottom-fermenting yeasts, that often ferments slower and at lower temperatures.
-Ales use top fermenting yeasts and the fermentation is quick, usually less than a week
136
What is a cask ale?
Draught beers that are unpasteurized
137
What is the term for beers that are unfiltered and undergo partial fermentation in the bottle?
Bottle-conditioned
138
How are Lambic beers fermented?
They are spontaneously fermented in open-top containers with native wild yeasts, such as brettanomyces bruxellensis and brettanomyces lambiscus
139
Describe the characteristics of lambic beers
Classic lambics are almost vinous in character, distinctively sour, and aged prior to release—often up to three years in cask.
140
What is geuze?
A style of lambic produced by mixing one-year-old lambics with beers that have aged for two to three years. The blend is then refermented with aged hops in the bottle, giving the beer its sparkle
141
What is a Kriek Lambic?
Lambic that has been refermented with sour Morello cherries
142
What is a Framboise Lambic?
Lambic that has been refermented with raspberries
143
Name two producers of lambic beers.
Lindemans and Cantillon
144
What is the typical alcohol content of beer?
4-6%
145
What is the service temperature of a lager?
48-52° F
146
What is the service temperature of light ales and draught bitter beers?
54-57° F
147
What is the service temperature of Trappist ales, lambics, stouts, brown ales and other powerful, strong beers?
At a cool room temperature
148
Name the different types of ales
- Brown Ale
- Pale Ale
- Scotch Ale
- Mild Ale
- Burton Ale
- Old Ale
- Belgian Ale
- Trappist Ale
- Abbey Beer
- Stout
- Porter
149
Name the different types of lagers.
- Pilsner
- Bock (Doppelbock, Eisbock, Maibock)
- •Märzen/Fest Beer
- Vienna Style
- Dortmunder
- Black/Schwartz
- Munich Helles
- Pale Lager
150
What are the 4 main styles of lambics?
- Geuze
- Mars
- Faro
- Fruit
151
What is a mars beer?
A mild lambic produced by reusing the malt from a previous lambic fermentation
152
What is a faro beer?
A mixture of a lambic and a lighter brewed beer, Belgian candy sugar is added for sweetness
153
What is the minimum amount of wheat that must be used for a German wheat beer?
50%
154
What are the four styles of wheat beer?
- Hefe Weizen
- Dunkel/ Dark Weizen
- Kristall Weizen
- White Beer
155
Name 5 trappist beers
- Orval (Belgian)
- Chimay (Belgian)
- Stift Engelszell (Austria)
- Koningshoeven (Netherlands)
- Rochefort (Belgian)
156
What is Bierre de Garde?
Flemish and Northern French bottle-conditioned beer
157
What is California Common Beer?
Lager fermented at warmer than normal temperatures (i.e. Anchor Steam)
158
What is Kölsch beer?
Ale from Cologne (Germany) fermented at cooler than normal temperatures
159
What is Kvass beer?
Rye-based Russian beer that is usually fermented with fruit juices
160
What is Rauchbier?
Smoked beer, famously produced in Bamberg (Franken, Germany)
161
What is Saison beer?
From Hainaut Province in Belgium
162
What type of fermentation is used for sake?
Multiple Parallel Fermentation (MPF)
163
What does MPF rely on?
The combined activities of yeast and mold, the koji-kin to undergo both crucial processes of fermentation at once
164
What is the superior rice used for sake production?
Yamada Nishiki
165
What is Yamada Nishiki?
The superior rice type used for sake production
166
What is shinpaku?
The pure starchy heart of the rice grain
167
When is seimaibuai?
The degree to which the rice has been milled
168
What are the four main styles of sake?
- Junmai
- Honjozo
- Ginjo
- Daiginjo
169
Describe Junmai sake. To what point is the rice milled?
Provided the producer prints "semaibuai" on the label, and uses only water, rice and koji, the milling percentage may now be higher than 70%
-70% until 2004
170
Describe Honjoso sake. To what point is the rice milled?
- A slight amount of brewer's alcohol (pure distillate) is added to the sake before pressing
- 70%
171
Describe Ginjo sake. To what point is the rice milled?
- If labeled Ginjo, the sake will be honjozo in style, with brewer's alcohol added. If no distilled alcohol is added, it will be labeled Junmai Ginjo
- 60%
172
Describe Daiginjo sake. To what point is the rice milled?
- If labeled Daiginjo, the sake will be honjozo in style, with brewer's alcohol added. If no distilled alcohol is added, it will be labeled Junmai Daiginjo
- 50%
173
What is koji-kin?
A green, powdery mold used in sake production
174
What is moto?
The started for sake production
175
What is the final alcohol level for sake in general?
Around 17%
176
What is nihonshudo?
The Sake Value Meter
- The level of residual sugar is often indicated on the label as a number
- Negative values indicate sweetness, positive values indicate dryness, zero is neutral
177
What is the best service temperatures for sake?
Slightly chilled or at room temperature
178
What is sake traditionally served in?
Served from a tokkuri- a ceramic, narrous-neck flask poured into ochoko - small cylindrical vessels, or the more ceremonial sakazuki cups
179
What is a tokkuri?
A ceramic, narros neck flask
180
What is ochoko?
Small cylindrical vessels
181
What are the 5 special styles of sake?
- Namazake
- Nigori Sake
- Taruzake
- Jizake
- Genshu Sake
182
What is Namazake?
Unpasteurized sake
183
What is Nigori Sake?
Unfiltered sake
184
What is Taruzake?
Sake aged in wooden barrels
185
What is Jizake?
Sake from a smaller kura (brewery)
186
What is Genshu Sake?
Undiluted sake
187
What is the primary flavor and country of origin of Fernet Branc?
- Herbs, roots, spices
| - Italy
188
What is the primary flavor and country of origin of Averna?
- Herbs, roots, citrus
| - Italy
189
What is the primary flavor and country of origin of Ramazzotti?
- Roots, herbs, orange peel, anise
| - Italy
190
What is the primary flavor and country of origin of Cynar?
- Artichoke
| - Italy
191
What is the primary flavor and country of origin of Campari?
- Herbs, quinine, rhubarb, orange
| - Italy
192
What is the primary flavor and country of origin of Aperol?
- Orange, gentian, rhubarb
| - Italy
193
What is the primary flavor and country of origin of Amer Picon?
- Orange, gentian
| - France
194
What is the primary flavor and country of origin of Suze?
- Gentian root, herbs
| - France
195
What is the primary flavor and country of origin of Boonekamp?
- Herbs, roots, spices
| - Germany
196
What is the primary flavor and country of origin of Unicum (Zwack)?
- Herbs, spices
| - Hungary
197
What is the primary flavor and country of origin of Jägermeister?
- Herbs, spices, fruits
| - Germany
198
Name 5 bitter herbal liqueurs.
- Fernet Branca
- Cynar
- Campari
- Suze
- Boonekamp
199
What is the primary flavor and country of origin of Cointreau?
- Orange
| - France
200
What is the primary flavor and country of origin of Curaçao?
- Laraha citrus
| - Netherlands
201
What is the primary flavor and country of origin of Grand Marnier?
- Orange (Cognac base)
| - France
202
What is the primary flavor and country of origin of Van der Hume?
- Tangerine
| - South Africa
203
What is the primary flavor and country of origin of Maraschino?
- Cherry
| - Croatia
204
What is the primary flavor and country of origin of Chambord?
- Black raspberry
| - France
205
What is the primary flavor and country of origin of Crème de Cassis?
- Blackcurrant
| - France
206
What is the primary flavor and country of origin of Cherry Heering?
- Cherry
| - Denmark
207
What is the primary flavor and country of origin of Pisang Ambon?
- Banana
| - Netherlands
208
What is the primary flavor and country of origin of Midori?
- Melon
| - Japan
209
What is the primary flavor and country of origin of Tamara?
- Dates
| - Irael
210
What is the primary flavor and country of origin of Malibu?
- Coconut (rum base)
| - Barbados
211
What is the primary flavor and country of origin of Sloe Gin?
- Sloe berries (sweetened gin base)
| - England
212
What is the primary flavor and country of origin of Limoncello?
- Lemon
| - Italy
213
Name 5 fruit liqueurs.
- Cointreau
- Van Der Hume
- Cherry Heering
- Sloe Gin
- Limoncello
214
What is the primary flavor and country of origin of Advocat?
- Sweetened egg
| - Netherlands
215
What is the primary flavor and country of origin of Bailey's?
- Cream, chocolate
| - Ireland
216
What is the primary flavor and country of origin of Amarula?
- Cream, marula fruit
| - South Africa
217
What is the primary flavor and country of origin of Tia Maria?
- Coffee (rum base)
| - Jamaica
218
What is the primary flavor and country of origin of Kahlua?
- Coffee (rum base)
| - Mexico
219
What is the primary flavor and country of origin of Godiva?
- Chocolate
| - Belgium
220
What is the primary flavor and country of origin of Frangelico?
- Hazelnut
| - Italy
221
What is the primary flavor and country of origin of Amaretto?
- Apricot, almond
| - Italy
222
What is the difference between Tia Maria and Kahlua?
Tia Maria is from Jamaica and Kahlua is from Mexico
223
What is the primary flavor and base spirit of Southern Comfort?
- Peach, orange, spice
| - American whiskey (neutral)
224
What is the primary flavor and base spirit of Drambuie?
- Heather honey, herbs
| - Scotch Whisky
225
What is the primary flavor and base spirit of Glen Mist?
- Heather honey, herbs
| - Scotch Whisky
226
What is the primary flavor and base spirit of Glayva?
- Honey, tangerine, spices
| - Scotch Whiskey
227
What is the primary flavor and base spirit of Irish Mist?
- Honey, herbs
| - Irish Whiskey
228
What is the primary flavor and country of origin of Pernod?
- Anise
| - France
229
What is the primary flavor and country of origin of Ricard?
- Anise
| - France
230
What is the primary flavor and country of origin of Pastis 51?
- Anise
| - France
231
What is the primary flavor and country of origin of Ouzo?
- Anise
| - Greece
232
What is the primary flavor and country of origin of Sambuca?
- Anise, elderberry
| - Italy
233
What is the primary flavor and country of origin of Galliano?
- Anise, herbs, vanilla
| - Italy
234
What is the primary flavor and country of origin of Licor 43?
- Vanilla, herbs, spice
| - Spain
235
What is the primary flavor and country of origin of Kümmel?
- Caraway
| - Denmark
236
What is the primary flavor and country of origin of Benedictine?
- Herbs, spices
| - France
237
What is the primary flavor and country of origin of Chartreuse?
- Herbs, plants, roots, spices
| - France
238
What is the primary flavor and country of origin of B&B?
- Blended Benedictine and Brandy
| - France (the cocktail originated in NY)
239
What is the primary flavor and country of origin of Strega?
- Saffron, herbs, spices
| - Italy
240
What is the primary flavor and country of origin of St. Germain?
- Elderflower
| - France
241
What is the primary flavor and country of origin of Crème de Menthe?
- Mint
| - Various
242
What is the primary flavor and country of origin of Krupnik?
- Honey
| - Poland
243
What are the two types of vermouth? What are the differences between them?
French- dry or very dry with a light, golden color
| Italian- Relatively sweet and is usually deep red or amber in color
244
Name 5 vermouth producers.
- Cinzano
- Noilly Prat
- Carpano Antica
- Punt e Mes
- Martini & Rossi
245
Name 3 other aromatized wines.
- Lillet
- Dubonnet
- Byrrh
