Rhone Valley, SW France, Languedoc, Roussillon, Corsica Flashcards
1
Q
Describe the wines of Coteaux de Die AOP.
A
Whites based on Clairette (100%)
2
Q
How many communes are part of Cotes du Roussillon-Villages AOP? How many may appened their name? Which?
A
- 32 communes
- 4 communes
- Latour-de-France
- Caramany
- Lesquerde
- Tautavel
3
Q
What region has more acres under vine than any other in the world?
A
Languedoc-Roussillon
4
Q
What are the Rasteau vin doux naturel labeling terms?
A
Oxidative - aged min 3 yrs
- Ambré - white
- Tuilé - red
Fresher
- Blanc - white
- Grenat - red
Rancio
- maderized
- open barrels
- left in the sun
“Hors d’Age” - min 5 yrs of age
5
Q
What is the subzone of Cotes du Roussillon?
A
Les Apres
-Reds based on Syrah & Mourvèdre
6
Q
Where is the Patrimonio AOP?
A
Corsica
7
Q
What are the permitted methods of production for Gaillac Mousseux?
A
- Traditional method
- Méthode Gaillaçoise - a variant of méthode ancestrale
8
Q
Where and what is Buzet AOP?
A
- South of Bergerac
- Red, white, rosé - Bordeaux varieties
9
Q
What are the main grapes of Corsica?
A
(All Indigenous)
- Nielluccio - Sangiovese variant
- Sciacarello
- Vermentino
10
Q
What color wines can be Cotes de Provence AOP?
A
- Red
- White
- Rosé - 75% of ouput
11
Q
Where and what is Cotes de Marmandais AOP?
A
South of Bergerac
- Red, white, rosé
- Bordeaux varieties w/a compliment of local grapes
12
Q
What color wines can be Corbieres AOP?
A
Red, white, rosé
13
Q
What is the climate of the Rhone Valley?
A
- N. Rhone - more continental
- S. Rhone - Mediterranean
14
Q
What is the local term used for vintage in Banyuls?
A
rimage
15
Q
Which N. Rhone appellation is shielded from “le mistrale”?
A
Cornas
16
Q
Where is Banyuls AOP?
A
Roussillon - southernmost, appellation in continental France
17
Q
What appellation in France produces varietal Fer wines?
A
Marcillac AOP - min 90%
18
Q
Which of Corbières sub-zones was promoted?
A
Corbières-Boutenac - Carignan-based red wines
19
Q
Where is Pierrevert AOP and what color are the wines?
A
(Outlying) S. Rhone - North of Provence
-Red, rosé, white
20
Q
What N. Rhone appellations allow for blending Viognier w/ Syrah?
A
Côte Rôtie only
21
Q
Who makes 90% of the wine labeled as Muscat de Beaume-de-Venise AOP?
A
A local co-operative, the Vignerons de Beaumes-de-Venise
22
Q
Who revived Hermitage Vin de Paille?
A
- Gerard Chave in the 1970s
- Chapoutier more recently
23
Q
What color wines does St-Joseph produce? From what grapes?
A
Red - Syrah, max 10% combined Marsanne, Roussanne
White - Marsanne and/or Roussanne
24
Q
What 4 lieux-dits is Cornas divided into?
A
- Les Reynards
- La Côte
- Les Chaillot
- Les Mazards
25
When was Vacqueyras promoted from CDR-Villages AOP?
1990
26
What are the requirements for Branyuls Grand Cru AOP?
- Min 75% Grenache Noir
| - Min 30 months in barrel
27
What color can Beaume-de-Venise be? From what grapes?
Red - min 50% Grenache
28
What is required for Cotes de Bergerac AOP?
-Bergerac delimited zone but it requires a higher min abv
29
What 18 communes may append their name to Côtes du Rhone-Villages AOP?
- Caranne
- Chusclan
- Gadagne (2012)
- Laudan
- Massif d'Uchaux
- Plan de Dieu
- Puyméras
- Roaix
- Rochegude
- Rousset les Vignes
- Sablet
- St-Gervais
- St-Maurice
- St-Pantaleon-les-Vignes
- Ségut
- Signargues
- Valréas
- Visan
30
What is the style and varieties of Tavel?
Rosé - regarded as France's premiere rosé appellation
-Grenache based and dry
31
When did the Roman Catholic Popes reside in Avignon?
1309-1378
32
Where is Faugères AOP? What color wines?
Languedoc - red, white, rosé
33
What color wines can be Pécharmant AOP?
Blended reds
| -The longest-lived wines from Bergerac
34
Name 3 excellent producers of Bandol.
- Domaine Tempier
- Chateau Pibarnon
- Chateau Pradeaux
35
What is the physically smallest red wine appellation of the N. Rhone?
Cornas - although Hermitage produces less wine
| -Just over 100ha planted
36
Where is Rosette AOP?
Sweet wine AOP of Bergerac
37
Where is Haut-Montravel AOP?
Sweet wine AOP of Bergerac
38
Where is vin doux naturel produced in the S. Rhone?
- Rasteau AOP
| - Muscat de Beaume-de-Venise AOP
39
What is Clairette de Bellegarde AOP?
A single-commune appellation within Costières de Nîmes, produces white wines from the Clairette grape
40
What is the encépagement of Chateau Rayas?
100% Grenache
41
What does "Hors d'Age" mean on a Rivesaltes label?
Aged min 5 yrs
-In practice, they may receive up to 20 yrs aging prior to release
(Tuilé or Ambré only)
42
What is the soil known as in Cornas?
"Gore" - naked granite
43
What are the authorized grapes of Chateauneuf-du-Pape?
- Grenache (Noir/Blanc/Gris)
- Mourvèdre
- Cinsault
- Counoise
- Picpoul (Noir/Blanc/Gris)
- Terret Noir
- Bourboulenc
- Clairette/Clairette Rosé
- Roussanne
- Vaccarèse
- Picardin
- Muscardin
44
What is the most full-bodied, richest, and consistently quality-minded VDN appellation in France?
Banyuls AOP
45
What is the premiere producer of Les Baux de Provence AOP?
Domaine de Trévallon
| -1995 AOC promotion left the estate to release its Cabernet-based wines as "Vin de Pays"
46
What are the sub-zones of Cotes de Provence?
- La Londe
- Pierrefeu
- Sainte-Victoire
- Fréjus
47
What advantages does co-fermentation offer?
Stabilizing red wine color and moderating tannin extraction
48
What color wines can Crozes-Hermitage be? From what grapes?
- Red - Syrah, max 15% combined Marsanne/Roussanne
| - Blanc - Marsanne and/or Roussanne
49
Where is Cabardès AOP? What color wines are produced?
- Languedoc
| - Red & Rosé (Grenache/Syrah/Major Bordeaux Varieties)
50
What sub-zone of Minervois received full appellation status for reds in 1999?
Minervois-La Livinière
51
Where is Palette AOP?
Provence
52
What do "Rivesaltes" mean?
"High River" in Catalan tongue
53
What is the aging requirement for Rivesaltes Tuilé?
Aged in an oxidative environment until at least March 1 of the 3rd year following harvest
54
Where is the Cassis AOP?
Provence
55
Who owns Chateau Grillet?
Neyret-Gachet which was purchased by François Pinault 2011
56
What are the appellations of the Dordogne?
- Bergerac
- Cotes de Bergerac
- Pécharmant
- Montravel
- Haut-Montravel
- Cotes de Montravel
- Rosette
- Saussignac
- Monbazillac
57
What are the sweet wine appellations of Bergerac?
- Monbazillac AOP
- Saussignac AOP
- Rosette AOP
- Haut-Montravel AOP
- Cotes Montravel AOP
58
What is the difference between these AOPs: Haut-Montravel, Cotes de Montravel, and Montravel?
- Montravel - dry reds & dry whites
- Haut- and Cotes-Montravel have the exact same reqs (VDN whites)
- All 3 are separate delimited zones:
- Cotes - northernmost
- Haut - middle
- Montravel - southernmost
59
What appellation of Provence has been pushing for organic mandated farming?
Les Baux de Provence AOP
60
What is Le Rapé?
- CdP Producers must discard 2% of harvest grapes
- safeguards against under-ripeness
- Mandated by AOP regulations
61
What communes can grapes for Muscat de Beaume-de-Venise AOP be sourced?
- Beaume-de-Venise
| - Aubignon
62
What AOP mandates Negrette?
Fronton AOP
63
Where is St-Chinian AOP? What color wine is produced there?
Languedoc - red, rosé, & white
| white is a recent addition
64
What colors and from what grapes are produced under the Patrimonio AOP?
White - Vermentino
| Red/Rosé - Nielluccio
65
When were the vineyards of Gaillac AOP established?
SW France
| -By the Romans of ancient Gaul in the 1st century CE, are among France's oldest
66
What is the aging req for Rivesaltes Grenat?
Aged reductively for 1 yr
| -Must be bottled before March 1 of the 2nd yr following harvest
67
What color wine can be Languedoc AOP?
- Red - min 50% combined Grenache, Syrah, Mourvèdre, Lladoner Pelut
- Rosé
- White
68
Who are the 4 main producers of Hermitage?
-Jean-Louis Chave (singular producer)
Negociants:
- Delas
- M. Chapoutier
- Paul Jaboulet
69
What sparkling wine AOP of Limoux favors Chard & Chenin Blanc?
Crémant de Limoux
70
What are the major cities of the Southern Rhone?
- Montelimar (north)
- Avignon (South-Central)
- Nîmes (Southwest)
71
Describe the wines of Cremant de Die AOP.
Sparkling - does not req 100% Clairette
72
Where is Coteaux Varois?
Provence - Coteaux Varois en Provence
73
What region of the S. Rhone adjoins the S. Rhone, Provence & Languedoc?
Costières de Nîmes AOP
74
What AOP of the S. Rhone was formerly considered an appellation of the Languedoc?
Costières de Nîmes AOP
| -Changed in 2004
75
What vin doux naturel colors can Rasteau AOP be?
White, Rosé, & Red
| -Based on Grenache (Noir/Blanc/Gris)
76
What AOP represents over 90% of France's fortified wine?
Rivesaltes AOP
77
Where is Cotes de Montravel AOP?
Sweet wine AOP of Bergerac
78
Where is Cotes du Vivarais AOP? Color of wines?
S. Rhone - red, rosé, & white
79
What wine may be labeled "Muscat de Nöel"?
Rivesaltes vin doux naturel - Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains & Muscat d'Alexandrie
-Christmas wines that must be bottled no later than Dec 1 of the yr of harvest
80
Who has long been considered the bearer of traditional wines for Cornas?
Auguste Clape
81
What are the two distinct, non-contiguous sectors of Fitou AOP?
- Fitou Maritime
| - Fitou Montagneux
82
Where did Rasteu's labeling terms come from?
In 2011, Rasteau vignerons adopted the labeling terms from Rivesaltes in Roussillon
83
What colors, from what grapes, can Les Beaux de Provence AOP be?
Red & Rosé
-Based on Grenache, Syrah, & Cinsault
White (added in 2011)
-Based on Grenache Blanc, Vermentino, Clairette, Roussanne
84
What are the Gaillac "Premières Côtes" for?
The appellation exists for the dry whites of eleven communes
85
What are the sweet whites of Gaillac labeled?
Gaillac Doux
86
What are the two sub-zone designations of St-Chinian AOP?
- Berlou
| - Roquebrun
87
What areas of the N. Rhone are defined by heat-retaining granitic and schistous soils?
- Côte-Rôtie
- Condrieu
- Hermitage
88
What are the appellations of Corsica?
- Vin de Corse
- Muscat du Cap Corse
- Ajaccio
- Patrimonio
89
What color wines are permitted for Limoux?
Red & White
90
What river is Cahors located on? Where is Cahors?
- Lot River
| - Southwest France
91
What is the northernmost appellation of the N. Rhone?
Côte-Rôtie
92
Where is Madiran AOP?
In Gascony in Sw France
93
What is the thin topsoil that is powdery, decomposed micah in Condrieu?
Arzelle
94
What grapes can Rivesaltes Ambré, Tuilé, and Rosé be?
Grenache (Blanc, Noir, Gris), Tourbat, Macabeu
-max 20% combined Muscat à Petit Grains & Muscat d'Alexandria
95
What is a major set back for St-Joseph?
The appellation's borders have greatly enlarged from the original delimited area
96
What styles of wine can St-Peray be? From what grapes?
- Exclusively whites - Marsanne & Roussanne
- Marsane - broader, oily texture, marzipan character
- Roussanne - more delicate, adds acidity, waxy minerality
- Can produce mousseux
- méthode traditionelle
97
What variant of Muscat is used for Muscat du Cap Corse AOP?
Muscat à Petits Grains Blanc
98
What style of wines are Cotes du Roussillon?
Dry red, white and rosé
99
Describe the wines of Clairette de Die AOP?
- Two sparkling styles
- Méthode Traditionelle
- Clairette is traditional
- max 15 g/L RS
- Méthode Dioise Ancestrale
- Rustic sparkler
- Muscat contain 75% Muscat à Petits Grains
- Min 35g/L RS (implying demi-sec)
100
What is the only appellation in France to focus on Mourvèdre?
Bandol AOP
| -Min 50% Mourvèdre - blended w/Grenache, Cinsault (and to a lesser extent Syrah & Carignan)
101
Where is Pécharmant AOP?
Bergerac
102
Where is Saussignac AOP?
Sweet wine AOP of Bergerac
103
Where is Chateau Simone?
Palette AOP (Provence)
104
What are unfortified red, rosé, and whites from Banyuls?
Colliure AOP
105
Where and what is Côtes de Duras AOP?
South of Bergerac
Red, white & rosé
-Bordeaux varieties
106
What 5 grapes represent the bulk of red & rosé of Cotes de Provence?
- Cinsault
- Grenache
- Mourvèdre
- Syrah
- Tibouren (local, garrigue scented)
107
What are the important climats of Hermitage?
- La Chapelle
- L'Hermite
- Le Méal
- Les Bressards
- Gréffieux
- Beaume
- Péléat
108
What is unique about the wines of Chateau de Beaucastel?
- Dominated by Mourvèdre
| - Produced from every authorized variety
109
What are the two major cities of the Northern Rhone?
Vienne & Valence
110
Where is Bandol AOP located?
Provence
111
Where is the Bellet AOP?
Provence
112
Describe the white still wines of Limoux.
Based on Chard, Chenin, and Mauzac
| -Must be barrel fermented
113
What color wines does Cassis AOP produce?
Red, white, rosé
| -Clairette and Marsanne account for the better wines
114
What are the grapes of Madiran?
Based on Tannat, plus CF, CS, and Fer
115
When was Vinsobres promoted from CDR-Villages?
2006
116
What 4 appellations shared CDP's min potential ABV for reds?
- Gigondas
- Vacqueyras
- Beaume-de-Venise
- Vinsobres
117
What is Rolle?
A local synonym for Italian Vermentino in Bellet AOP
118
Where was micro-oxygenation developed? Why?
Madiran
| -Patrick Ducournau developed micro-oxygenation in the 1990s to soften the blow of Tannat
119
What is the production method for Muscat de Beaume-de-Venise AOP?
Fermentation is arrested through mutage
| -adding pure grape spirit to arrest fermentation in a proportion of 5-10%
120
What does the Papel Crest indicate? What does the "La Mitrale" indicate? Who first released an estate-bottled CDP wine?
- It indicates that the wines were bottled in the area and they are a member of the Federation
- It indicates that they are a member of the SIDVAOC
- Ch. La Nerthe released the first estate-bottled CDP wines in 1785
121
What was phylloxera's doorway to France? When?
Lirac - 1863
122
Who are the 3 producers helping with the resurgence of Condrieu?
- Georges Varnay
- Yves Cuilleron
- André Perret
123
What color wines may CDR and CDR-Villages be?
Both - red, white, rosé
124
What color wines does Cornas produce? From what grapes?
Red only - 100% Syrah
125
Where is Monbazillac AOP?
Bergerac
126
What is rimage?
Local term for vintage in Banyuls
127
What color wines (what grapes) are produced under the Ajaccio AOP?
Red/Rosé - min 40% Sciacarello
| White - min 80% Vermentino
128
What color wines does Gigondas produce?
Red & Rosé
- min 50% Grenache
- Typically blended w/Syrah & Mourvèdre
- Other Rhone varieties may be planted - up to max 10% (except Carignan)
129
Where and what is Marcillac AOP?
SW France (East of Cahors)
min 90% Fer (red)
130
Where are the Rhone River's headwaters?
Switzerland
131
Where is Jurançon AOP?
Pyrénées-Atlantique department, in the SW of France
132
What styles can be Rivesaltes AOP?
- Ambré (Amber)
- Tuilé (Tawny)
- Grenat (Red)
- Rosé
- Rancio
133
What colors can Hermitage be? From what grapes?
Red - Syrah, max 15% combined Marsanne, Roussanne
White - Marsanne and/or Roussanne
Vin de Paille - Marsanne and/or Roussanne
134
What is Fer?
A local red grape in the SW of France
135
What appellation was formerly known as Cotes du Tricastin?
Grignan-les-Adhémar AOP
| -Rebranded in 2010 to avoid unsavory association with Tricastin nuclear plant
136
When was Gigondas promoted from CDR-Villages AOP?
1971
137
What was Fronton AOP formerly known as?
Côtes de Frontonnais
138
What AOP is based on Gamay, Aligoté, and Chardonnay in the Rhone Valley?
Châtillon-en-Diois AOP
- Red & Rosé - Gamay based
- Whites - based on Chard & Aligoté
139
What is the southernmost appellation in continental France?
Banyuls AOP
140
What is the only permitted method to make rosé for still wines in France?
saignage
141
What is the most notable sweet wine appellation of Bergerac?
Monbazillac AOP
142
What variety is Rivesaltes Grenat?
Grenache Noir
143
Where is Fitou AOP? When was it promoted?
Languedoc
| -1948 - one of the region's oldest appellations
144
Where is Malepère AOP? What color wines are produced there?
- Languedoc
- Red - min 50% Merlot
- Rosé - min 50% CF
- Promoted in 2006
145
How large is Chateau Grillet?
3.5ha
146
What sparkling AOP of the Northern Rhone allows for the ancestrale method? What is the min % varietal?
Clairette de Die AOP
| -min 75% Muscat à Petit Grains
147
What color dry wines can be Gaillac AOP?
Red, white & rosé
- Red blends - Duras, Fer, Syrah w/ small allotment of Bordeaux grapes
- White - Mauzac, Muscadelle, and Len de l'El
148
What styles are the wines of Jurançon and of what grapes?
Blanc - Gros Manseng
Blanc (passerillage) - Petit Manseng
Also allowed: Petit Courbu, Camaralet, Lauzet
149
Where is the Minervois AOP?
Languedoc
150
What are the eligible communes for Rasteau AOP?
- Rasteau
- Cairanne
- Sablet
151
Who is the largest producer of Côte-Rôtie?
E. Guigal
152
What are fortified wine appellations of the Languedoc?
- Muscat de Mireval AOP
- Muscat de Lunel AOP
- Muscat de St-Jean-de-Minervois AOP
- Muscat de Frontignan (most common - may be either: vin doux naturel or vin de liqueur)
153
Where is Domaine de Triennes located?
Coteaux Varois en Provence
154
Where is Ventoux? Color of wines?
S. Rhone - red, rosé & white
155
What region of the N. Rhone can produce Vin de Paille?
Hermitage
156
What does Maury AOP produce?
- Still dry red
- Vin doux naturel - Grenache (Noir, Blanc, Gris)
Same as Rivesaltes styles:
- Blanc
- Ambré
- Grenat
- Tuilé
- Hors d'Age
- Rancio
157
Who invented mutage?
Arnaud de Villeneuve, in the 13th centuray, in Rivesaltes
| -He was an physician who used it for medicinal elixirs
158
What is the min ABV of CDP?
min 12.5% ABV - highest in France for dry AOP wines
159
When did phylloxera hit CDP?
1863 - S. Rhone was the first quality region to be struck in France
160
What was the first French AOC and when?
Chateauneuf-du-Pape in 1936
- Following phylloxera, wine fraud took hold in France
- CDP growers set/imposed rules for production to combat fraud
161
What is arzelle?
- This topsoil that is rich w/powdery, decomposed micah
| - Near the commune of Condrieu
162
What are bonbonnes?
Glass jugs used to age Rivesaltes oxidately
163
What is the S. Rhone's northernmost appellation?
Grignan-les-Adhémar AOP
164
Fitou is embeded within which larger region?
Corbières AOP
165
What colors and what grapes are used for Vin de Corse AOP?
- Red & Rosé - Nielluccio and Sciacarello are blended w/Grenache, Barbarossa, and a host of Rhone grapes
- White - blends based on Vermentino & Ugni Blanc
166
Côte-Rôtie is located behind which town?
Ampuis
167
What are the two slopes located nearest Ampuis and considered the heart of Côte-Rôtie?
- Côte Brune - stronger, more assertive
| - Côte Blonde - yields softer, more alluring wines
168
How long must Bandol AOP wines must age in wood?
Min 18 months in wood
169
What 4 AOPs are located on the Drôme River?
- Coteaux de Die AOP
- Cremant de Die AOP
- Clairette de Die AOP
- Châtillon-en-Diois AOP
170
What is Sud-Ouest?
Southwest France
171
What color wines can Chateauneuf-du-Pape be?
Red & White
172
What color wines does Bellet AOP produce?
Red, white, & rosé
| -More promising whites than reds
173
What is the name of the hour-glass shaped bottle for Provence wines?
"Skittle" bottles
174
What are Limxoux reds based on?
Merlot based
175
What are the varieties of Cahors?
min 70% Malbec, + Tannat and Merlot
176
What are "galets"?
"pudding stones" deposited in CDP
- made of quartzite
- they serve to store heat
177
Where is Ajaccio AOP?
Corsica
178
What 3 types of bubbles are permitted in Limoux?
- Blanquette de Limoux
- min 90% Mauzac
- Crémant de Limoux - traditional method
- Chard & Chenin + max 20% Mauzac and Pinot Noir
- Limoux Methode Ancestrale
- 100% Mauzac
179
What is the vin doux naturel AOP of Corisca?
Muscat du Cap Corse AOP
180
When was Beaume-de-Venise promoted from CDR-Villages?
2005
181
What portion of Rhone's wines are released as Côtes du Rhone AOP?
two-thirds
182
What grape's name means "far from sight" in the old d'Oc tongue? Why? Where is it a principal grape?
Len de l'El - conveys the cluster's long stalks and distance to the "eye", or bud from which they sprouted
-Gaillac
183
What is Collioure AOP?
Unfortified red, rosé, and white appellation for Banyuls production
184
Where is Montravel AOP? What styles of wine?
Dry reds or whites from Bergerac
185
Where is La Landonne? Who are the two main producers?
Côte Rôtie
- E. Guigal
- Rene Rostaing
186
What is le mistral?
Mistral Wine
- Cold, dry wine
- Greatly affects the S. Rhone and Provence
- Affects the N. Rhone in winter and spring
- Prevents mold and mildew
187
What are the permitted methods for oxidative aging in Rivestaltes?
Glass bonbonnes in the sun or solera
188
What are the main grapes and styles of Monbazillac? Is machine harvest allowed?
- Blanc/SGN (Bortrytis)
- Bordeaux varieties
- Muscadelle does very well here in the sandy soils
- Hand Harvesting
- Botrytis = multiple tries
189
What color wines (what grapes) are permitted in Fitou AOP?
Red - usually dominated by Carignan (and Grenache)
190
What is Muscat de Rivesaltes AOP?
Vin Doux Naturel made exclusively of Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains and Muscat d'Alexandrie
191
What styles of wines are Bergerac AOP?
Red, white, & rosé
- From Bordeaux varietals
- "Sec" denotes dry whites
192
What are the appellations of the N. Rhone?
- Côte-Rôtie
- St-Joseph
- Hermitage
- Crozes-Hermitage
- Cornas
- Condrieu
- Chateau Grillet
- St-Péray
- Crémant de Die
- Clairette de Die
- Coteaux de Die
- Châtillon-en-Dioise
- Cotes du Rhones
193
What is Jaboulet's premiere wine?
-La Chapelle (of Hermitage)
194
What is the major soil of Gigondas?
Red clay alluvial soils
195
What colors can Vacqueyras be?
- Usually red - min 50% Grenache (generally rustic)
| - Small amounts of white and rosé
196
What colors, from what grapes, can Lirac be?
Red, white, & rosé
- Grenache (Blanc/Noir)
- Whites may see significant proportions of Clairette and Bourboulenc
197
What are the most important AOP's in southwestern France?
- Cahors
- Madiran
- Jurançon
- Gaillac
198
What is the only appellation outside of Bordeaux to publish a ranking of Grand Cru Classé estates?
Côtes du Provence
- Originally classified in 1955
- 23 estates
199
What is rancio?
French and Spanish term for a fortified wine that has been maderized-- exposed to direct sunlight
200
What % does the S. Rhone account for in the Rhone Valley?
95%, overwhelmingly devoted to red
201
What appellations in the N. Rhone allow for blending Marsanne and Roussanne w/Syrah?
- Hermitage
- Crozes-Hermitage
- St-Joseph
202
What color wines can Côte-Rôtie be? From what grapes?
- Red only
| - Syrah, max 20% Viognier
203
What and where is Pacherenc du Vic-Bilh AOP?
Producers of Madiran (SW France) can make semi-sweet to sweet whites under this AOP
- Based on Petit Manseng, Petit Courbu, and Arrufiac
- Dry wines are labeled "sec"
204
Where is Luberon? Color of wines?
S. Rhone - red, rosé, white
205
What regions are located in the basque influenced Pyrénees-Atlantique department?
- Jurançon
- Irouléguy
- Béarn
206
Where is the Maury AOP?
Roussillon
207
What are the appellations of Provence?
- Côtes de Provence
- Coteaux d'Aix-en-Provence
- Les Baux de Provence
- Coteaux Varois en Provence
- Bandol
- Bellet
- Cassis
- Palette
208
What areas of the N. Rhone are dominated by heavier, clay soils?
- St-Joseph
- Crozes-Hermitage
- St-Péray
209
What is the aging requirement for Rivesaltes Ambré?
Aged in an oxidative environment until at least March 1 of the 3rd year following harvest
210
What is the main grape of "traditionnel" Banyuls AOP?
min 50% Grenache Noir
211
What color can Vinsobres be?
Red - min 50% Grenache Noir
212
Where and what is Fronton AOP?
West of Gaillac
Blended reds & rosés
-min 50% Negrette
213
What appellations in France mandate Tannat's use?
Min 50%
- Madiran
- Béarn
214
How many sub-appellations are in the Languedoc AOP? What are the most prominent?
- 16
- Terrasses du Larzac
- Le Clape
- Pic-St-Loup
215
What color wines does the Palette AOP produce?
Red, rosé, & white
| -A dizzying amount of red & white grapes
216
Another name for Northern Rhone
Rhone Septentrionale
217
Another name for Southern Rhone
Rhone Meridionale
218
Who first constructed the vineyard terraces of the Northern Rhone?
Romans
219
What is vinum picatum?
Romans
220
Who moved the center of Christian Europe from Rome to Avignon?
Pope Clement V
221
What was the first quality region to be stuck by Phylloxera? When?
Southern Rhone in 1863
222
What region of Rhone gave way to the prototype of the AOC system?
Chateauneuf du Pape
223
What was the first AOC established in France? When did this occur?
CNDP; 1936
224
Describe the climatic conditions of the Northern Rhone
Benefits from southernly position but experiences greater seasonal temperature shifts, more rainfall, and few hours of sunshine than the southern appellations
225
When do the Mistral winds affect the Northern Rhone?
During winter and spring
226
What are the benefits of the Mistral winds in Northern Rhone?
It dries the vineyards, preventing mold and mildew
227
What is arzelle? Where is it found?
A thin topsoil rich with powdery, decomposed mica; Near the commune of Condrieu
228
What are the soils of Cote Rotie, Condrieu and Hermitage?
Heat retaining granitic and schistous
229
What are the soils of St Joseph, Crozes Hermitage and St Peray?
Heavier in clay
230
Cote Rotie allows up to ___% of what white grape?
20% Viognier
231
Which two Northern Rhone appellations allow up to 15% Marsanne/Roussanne?
Hermitage and Crozes Hermitage
232
Hermitage allows up to ____% combined of what white grapes?
15% Marsanne/Roussanne
233
Crozes Hermitage allows up to ____% combined of what white grapes?
15% Marsanne/Roussanne
234
What Northern Rhone appellation allows up to 10% Marsanne/Roussanne?
St Joseph
235
St Joseph allows up to ____% combined of what white grapes?
10% Marsanne/Roussanne
236
Name 6 climats of Hermitage
L'Hermite, le Meal, les Bessards, Greffieux, Beaume, Peleat
237
Where is Crozes Hermitage situated?
Behind the hill of Hermitage
238
Which sub appellation of Northern Rhone has the warmest climate?
Cornas
239
Which red wine producing appellations in northern Rhone can also produce white wines? Which cannot?
St Jospeh, Crozes Hermitage, Hermitage; Cornas, Cote Rotie
240
What are the only two permitted grapes of St Peray?
Marsanne and Roussanne
241
What does Marsanne offer to a blend?
Broader, oily texture and marzipan character
242
What does Roussanne offer to a blend?
Acidity and waxy minerality
243
How large is Condrieu?
Less than 200 delimited ha
244
Clairette de Die made in the methode dioise ancestrale must be 75% of what grape?
Muscat a Petit Grains
245
Clairette de Die made in the methode ancestrale has a minimum RS of ___?
35 g/l
246
Clairette de Die made in the methode traditionelle has a maximum RS of ___?
15 g/l
247
What are the grapes of Chatillon en Diois?
Gamay, Aligote, Chardonnay
248
What does Grenache offer to a blend?
Body, sweet fruit and warmth
249
What do Mourvedre and Syrah offer to a blend?
Structure and depth of color
250
What does Cinsault offer to a blend?
Finesse and freshness
251
Describe the climatic factors of the Southern Rhone.
The mistral blows (fiercely) across the southern valley; Hot summers are tempered by significant diurnal swings; Mild winters follow usually heavy autumnal rains.
252
What are the primary soils of Southern Rhone?
Alluvial soils (sand, gravel, clay based) over a limestone subsoil
253
What is the required minimum ABV for CNDP?
12.5% (This is the highest in all of France)
254
What do AOP regulations of CNDP mandate to safeguard against under ripeness?
Producers must declassify or discard at least 2% of harvested grapes (le rape)
255
Name the five promoted CdR villages
Rasteau, Gigondas, Vaqueyras, Beaumes de Venise, Vinsobres
256
Name 5 of the communes that can append their name to CdR Villages
Cairanne, Gadagne, Laudun, Roaix, Sablet, Valreas, Visan
257
What are the soils of Gigondas?
Red clay, alluvial
258
Gigondas, Vacqueyras, Beaumes de Venise and Vinsorbes all have a minimum ABV of ___%
12.5%
259
What is the only communal appellation exclusively for rose wines in France?
Tavel AOP
260
What are the wines of Tavel based on?
Grenache
261
Name the 2 appellations of Southern Rhone for vin doux naturel
Rasteau and Muscat de Beaumes de Venise
262
Name 2 communes of Rasteau
Cairanne and Sablet
263
Describe the difference in wines from Rasteau and Muscat Beaumes de Venise
Muscat BDV is typically fresher and more aromatic whereas Rasteau wines show more tawny flavors
264
A label from Rasteau reads "ambre". What does this indicate?
A white VDN wine displaying more oxidative character and subject to at least 3 years of aging prior to release.
265
A label from Rasteau reads "tuile". What does this indicate?
A red VDN wine displaying more oxidative character and subject to at least 3 years of aging prior to release.
266
A label from Rasteau reads "blanc". What does this indicate?
A white VDN wine that is fresher in nature
267
A label from Rasteau reads "grenat". What does this indicate?
A red VDN wine that is fresher in nature
268
A label from Rasteau reads "Hors d'age". What does this indicate?
a VDN wine that has been matured for at least 5 years prior to release
269
A label from Rasteau reads "rancio". What does this indicate?
A VDN wine that has been deliberately made in an oxidative and maderized style and the wine has been left in open barrels, exposed to the sun and high temperatures
270
What is the northernmost appellation of Southern Rhone?
Grignan les Adhemar
271
Where is Ventoux AOP?
Southern Rhone
272
Where is Luberon AOP?
Southern Rhone
273
Where is Cotes du Vivarais AOP?
Southern Rhone
274
Where is Pierrevert AOP?
Southern Rhone, North of Provence
275
What Southern Rhone appellation was formerly considered part of the Lanuedoc? When did the transfer take place?
Costieres de Nimes in 2004
276
What style of wine and from what grape is Clairette de Bellegarde?
Dry whites from Clairette
277
Name the newest appellation in Southern Rhone. When was it added?
Duche d'Uzes in 2013
278
Where are most of the quality apps of Langeudoc located?
They are clustered on the western side
279
2 sections of Fitou AOP. What AOP are they within?
Fitou Maritime & Fitou Montagneux; Corbières
280
When was Minevois La Liviniere created? For what wine style?
1999 for red wines.
281
2 subzones of St Chinian
Berlou and Roquebrun
282
Limoux AOP wine styles and grapes
Reds merlot based. Whites from chard, Chenin blanc, & mauzac
283
Cremant de Limoux AOP
Max 20% mauzac/ Pinot noir with chard and Chenin blanc
284
Banyuls Grand Cru AOP
Min 75% Grenache and aged 30 months in barrel
285
Unfortified red, white, and roses wines from Banyuls are labeled as:
Collioure AOP
286
Sub appelations of Gres de Montpellier in Languedoc
St Christol, St Drézéry, St Georges d'Orques, La Méjanelle
287
5 subzones of Languedoc
Pezanas, Gres de Montpellier, La Clape, Pic St Loup, & Cabrières
288
Where is St. Christol?
Sub-appellation of Gres de Montpellier in Languedoc
289
Where is St. Drézéry?
Sub-appellation of Gres de Montpellier in Languedoc
290
Where is St. Georges d'Orques?
Sub-appellation of Gres de Montpellier in Languedoc
291
Where is La Méjanelle?
Sub-appellation of Gres de Montpellier in Languedoc
292
Where is Cabardes?
Languedoc
293
Where is Corbieres?
Languedoc
294
Where is Corbieres-Boutenac?
Languedoc
295
Where is Faugeres?
Languedoc
296
Where is Fitou?
Languedoc
297
Where is Limoux?
Languedoc
298
Where is Malepere?
Languedoc
299
Where is Minervois?
Languedoc
300
Where is Picpoul de Pinet?
Languedoc
301
Where is Saint-Chinian?
Languedoc
302
Where is Terrasses du Larzac?
Languedoc
303
Where is Palette?
Provence
304
Where is Cassis?
Provence
305
Where is Bandol?
Provence
306
Where is Bellet/ Vin de Bellet?
Provence
307
Where is Collioure?
Roussillon
308
Where is Rivesaltes?
Roussillon
309
Where is Muscat de Rivesaltes?
Roussillon
310
Where is Banyuls?
Roussillon
311
Where is Maury?
Roussillon
312
Where is Cote-Rotie?
Northern Rhone Valley
313
Where is Condrieu?
Northern Rhone Valley
314
Where is Chateau Grillet?
Northern Rhone Valley
315
Where is Saint Joseph?
Northern Rhone Valley
316
Where is Crozes-Hermitage?
Northern Rhone Valley
317
Where is Hermitage?
Northern Rhone Valley
318
Where is Cornas?
Northern Rhone Valley
319
Where is Saint Peray?
Northern Rhone Valley
320
Where is Chatillon en Diois?
Northern Rhone Valley
321
Where is Clairette de Die?
Northern Rhone Valley
322
Where is Coteaux de Die?
Northern Rhone Valley
323
Where is Cremant de Die?
Northern Rhone Valley
324
Where is Grignan-les-Adhemar?
Southern Rhone Valley
325
Where is Cotes du Vivarais?
Southern Rhone Valley
326
Where is Chateauneuf-du-Pape?
Southern Rhone Valley
327
Where is Duche d'Uzes?
Southern Rhone Valley
328
Where is Gigondas?
Southern Rhone Valley
329
Where is Vacqueras?
Southern Rhone Valley
330
Where is Vinsobres?
Southern Rhone Valley
331
Where is Beaumes-de-Venise?
Southern Rhone Valley
332
Where is Rasteau?
Southern Rhone Valley
333
Where is Lirac?
Southern Rhone Valley
334
Where is Tavel?
Southern Rhone Valley
335
Where is Costieres de Nimes?
Southern Rhone Valley
336
Where is Clairette de Bellegarde?
Southern Rhone Valley
337
Where is Luberon?
Southern Rhone Valley
338
Where is Ventoux?
Southern Rhone Valley
339
Where is Patrimonio?
Corsica
340
Where is Ajaccio?
Corsica
341
Where is Bearn?
Southwest France
342
Where is Bergerac?
Southwest France
343
Where is Brulhois?
Southwest France
344
Where is Buzet?
Southwest France
345
Where is Cahors?
Southwest France
346
Where is Coteaux du Quercy?
Southwest France
347
Where is Cotes de Montravel?
Southwest France
348
Where is Cotes du Marmandais?
Southwest France
349
Where is Cotes de Millau?
Southwest France
350
Where is Entraygues-Le Fel?
Southwest France
351
Where is Estaing?
Southwest France
352
Where is Floc de Gascogne?
Southwest France
353
Where is Fronton?
Southwest France
354
Where is Gaillac?
Southwest France
355
Where is Irouleguy?
Southwest France
356
Where is Juracon?
Southwest France
357
Where is Madiran?
Southwest France
358
Where is Marcillac?
Southwest France
359
Where is Monbazillac?
Southwest France
360
Where is Montravel?
Southwest France
361
Where is Pachernec du Vic-Bilh?
Southwest France
362
Where is Rosette?
Southwest France
363
Where is Saint Mont?
Southwest France
364
Where is Saint-Sardos?
Southwest France
365
Where is Saussignac?
Southwest France
366
Where is Tursan?
Southwest France
