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Spirits Flashcards

1
Q

What temperature does ethyl alcohol boil?

A

78*C

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2
Q

What is the minimum alcohol for vodka in the EU?

A

37.5%

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3
Q

What is the tradition base for Korean soju & Japanese Shochu?

A

Sake, now made from a variety of grains & potatoes

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4
Q

What is awamori?

A

Okinawan style of shochu, always distilled from rice

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5
Q

Describe the style of London Dry Gin

A

In addition to juniper berries, it generally contains a noticeable citrus and spice element
E.g. Beefeater, Tanqueray

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6
Q

Describe Genever

A

Today produced in a pot still, sweeter and less alcoholic than London Dry Gin
Juniper and malt are dominate aromatics

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7
Q

Describe Plymouth Gin

A

Fuller bodied than London Dry Gin and very aromatic

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8
Q

What is Old Tom Gin?

A

A lightly sweetened gin, rarely encountered today

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9
Q

What is the minimum percentage of corn in Bourbon?

A

51%

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10
Q

What is “Straight” Bourbon?

A

Whiskey aged for at least 2 years, without any added colouring or flavouring
Less than 4 years ageing, the distiller must also state the length of ageing in the bottle

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11
Q

Where can Bourbon be produced?

A

Anywhere in the USA, though Kentucky produces 95% of it

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12
Q

What is “Tennesse Whiskey”?

A

As of 2013 legislation it must be from Tennessee
Made from minimum 51% corn and aged in new charred oak barrels
Must be filtered through maple charcoal prior to ageing
It is a sour mash whiskey

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13
Q

What is Rye Whiskey?

A

Minimum 51% Rye, aged in new charred oak barrels for a minimum of 2 years
Producers included Sazerac and Rittenhouse

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14
Q

Describe”Corn Whiskey”?

A

Produced from min. 8-% corn. May be unaged or aged in used or uncharred new barrels

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15
Q

Name the 5 legal categories of Scotch

A 
Single Malt
Single Grain
Blended Malt
Blended Grain
Blended
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16
Q

What are the minimum requirements for all Scotch Whisky?

A

Must be produced in Scotland
Distilled twice (or more)
Aged at least 3 years
Must be at least 40% alcohol

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17
Q

Name the 6 regions of Scotch Whiskey Production?

A 
Highland
Lowland
Speyside
Islay
Campbeltown
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18
Q

Name the 5 islands of Highland

A 
Skye
Jura
Mull
Arran
Orkney
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19
Q

Which island is Highland Park located?

A

Orkney

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20
Q

Which island is Talisker located?

A

Skye

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21
Q

Name the 3 iconic Irish Whiskey distilleriers

A

Old Bushmills
Cooley
New Midleton - producer of Jameson

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22
Q

How is Irish Whiskey produced?

A

Traditionally triple distilled in a pot still
Today many are produced in a continuous still
Must be aged minimum 3 years before release. Most are at least 7 years

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23
Q

Name Japan’s most famous whiskey producer?

A

Suntory, offering blended and single malt whiskies

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24
Q

Describe Canadian Whiskey?

A

Generally rye whiskey are blended and must be aged 3 years before sale
No legal requirements to contain higher portions of rye, though most do anyway
Glenora Distillers on Cape Brenton Island of Nova Scotia distills malt whiskey in the Scotish style

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25
Q

What is the EU minimum alcohol and oak ageing for brandy?

A

36% and 6 months

*May be produced across the world’s viticultural regions

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26
Q

Name the 6 areas of Cognac production

A 
Grande Champagne
Petite Champagne
Borderies
Fin Bois
Bon Bois
Bois Ordinaires (Bois a Terroirs)
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27
Q

What does “Champagne” indicate in Cognac?

A

Similar soil to Champagne, high chalk content in Grande Champagne & Petite Champagne
Other areas have hard limestone, sand & clay

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28
Q

What is the grape of Cognac?

A

Ugni Blanc, nearly 98% of vineyard acreage
Folle Blanche
Colombard

29
Q

What type of still is used for Cognac?

A

Charentais pot still - Twice distilled

  • 1st - produces 28-32% called Brouillis
  • 2nd - bonne chaffe
30
Q

What are the ageing designations for Cognac?

A

VS - 2 years in cask
VSOP - 4 years in cask
XO - 6 years in cask
Vinatge - now legal but rare

31
Q

What does “Fine Champagne” indicate?

A

Wines must be entirely from Grande Champagne and Petite Champagne. Grande Champagne must compose at least 50% of the blend.

32
Q

Name the 3 regions of Armagnac production

A

Haut-Armagnac
Bas-Armagnac
Armagnac-Tenareze

33
Q

What are the 4 main grapes of Armagnac?

A

Ugni Blanc
Colombard
Folle Blanche (Picpoul)
Baco Blanc - only hybrid grape authorised in any French AOP

34
Q

How is Armagnac distilled?

A

Most are distilled in 1 distillation in a copper continuous still (95%)
It can be distilled in 2 distillations in a Charentais pot still

35
Q

What is Blanche Armagnac?

A

A clear spirit bottled after 3 months in an inert container

36
Q

What are the ageing requirements for Cognac?

A

VS/*** - 1-3 years in cask
VSOP - 4-9 years in cask
XO or Hors d’Age - min. 10 years in cask
Vintage - min. 10 years in cask

37
Q

Name the 3 “Fine de” brandies produced in France

A

Fine de Bordeaux
Fine de Bourgogne
Fine de la Marne

38
Q

What is the most important Spanish Brandy?

A

Brandy de Jerez, Andalucia

39
Q

What type of still is used for Brandy de Jerez? What grapes are used?

A

Alquitaras, copper stills

Airen and Palomino grapes

40
Q

What are the ageing designations for Brandy de Jerez?

A

Solera - 1 year average age
Solera Reserva - 3 years average age
Gran Reserva - 10 years average age

41
Q

What is Pisco?

A

A brandy produced in Chile and Peru, not aged in wood

42
Q

Give 3 examples of pomace spirits

A

Marc - France
Grappa - Italy
Bagaceira - Portugal

43
Q

What do riserva, stravecchia, vecchia or invecchiata indicate on a bottle of Grappa?

A

Aged in wood

44
Q

What is an eaux de vie?

A

Not technically brandy. produced from various fruits

45
Q

What are the 3 delimited appellations of Calvados?

A

Calvados
Calvados Domfrontais
Calvados Pays d’Auge

46
Q

What are the ageing requirements for Calvados & Calvados Pays d’Auge?

A

Fine/Trois Etoiles/Trois Pommes/VS - min. 2 years
Vieux/Reserve - min. 3 years
VO/VSOP/Vieille Reserve - min. 4 years
Hors d’Ages/XO/Tres Vieille Reserve/Tres Vieux/Extra/Napoleon - min. 6 years

47
Q

Minimum ageing for Calvados Domfrontais

A

Vieux/Reserve - min. 3 years

48
Q

Name the base fruit of Kirsch

A

Black cherries

49
Q

Name the base fruit of Poire William

50
Q

Name the base fruit of Framboise

51
Q

Name the base fruit of Slivovitz, Mirabelle, Quetsch & Prunelle

52
Q

Name the base fruit of Boukha

53
Q

Name the base fruit ofBarack Palinka

54
Q

What fruit can be used in Calvados production?

A

Apples & pears

55
Q

Minimum perry in Calvados Domfrontais

56
Q

Name the 4 major styles of rum

A

Light rum
Dark rum
Demerara rum
Rhum agricole

57
Q

Where is Demerara rum produced?

A

Guyana, distilled from molasses

58
Q

What type of rum is Cachaca?

A

Light rum, produced in Brazil

59
Q

Where is Rhum agricole produced?

A

Mainly on Martinique, Island in the Caribbean

*Technically, Martinique AOC is the southernmost french appellation

60
Q

What state of Mexico is Tequila located?

61
Q

Name the 5 regions of Tequila production

A 
Jalisco
Guanajuato
Tamaulipas
Nayarit
Michoacan
62
Q

What are the ageing categories for Tequila?

A

Blanco/silver - bottled immediately
Resposado - 60 days to 1 year
Anejo - 1 to 3 years
Extra Anejo - min. 3 years

63
Q

What is the main state for Mezcal production

64
Q

What are the 2 main agaves for Mezcal?

A

Maguey

Espadin

65
Q

5 possible additive categories for bitters

A 
Spice
Herbes
Roots
Fruits
Botanicals
66
Q

What are wine-based bitters?

A

Wine base combined with spirits, herbs, spices and plants

Often referred to as aromatized spirits

67
Q

What are the 2 styles of vermouth?

A

French style, usually dry or very dry with a light golden colour
Italian style, relatively sweet and usually deep re or amber in colour

68
Q

Name the 6 key producers of Vermouth

A 
Cinzano - Italian style
Nolly Prat - French Style
Martini & Rossi - Turin, Italy
Capano Antica - Turin, Italy
Put e Mes - Milan, Italy
Dolin Chambery - Savoie, France
69
Q

Name 3 aromatized wines

A

Lillet - French aperitif wine
Dubonnet - Invented in Paris
Byrrh - Roussillon, France

Wine (25 decks)

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