spine - trunk

Question 1

muscles flexing the trunk

Answer 1

• rectus abdominous
• external obliques
• internal obliques
• psoas

Question 2

muscles extending trunk

Answer 2

• quadratus lumborum
• multifidus
• semispinalis
• erector spinae
• intersplinales

Question 3

muscles rotating the trunk

Answer 3

• multifidus
• rotatores
• semispinalis
• internal oblique
• external oblique

Question 4

muscles laterally flexing the trunk

Answer 4

• quadratus lumborum
• intertransversarii
• external oblique
• internal oblique
• rectus abdominous
• erector spinae
• multifidus

Question 5

rectus abdominis

1) origin
2) insertion
3) action

Answer 5

1) xiphoid process and costal cartilages of ribs 5-7
2) pubis symphysis and pubic crest
3) flexes trunk

Question 6

external oblique

1) origin
2) insertion
3) action

Answer 6

1) lower 8 ribs and costal cartilages
(passes inferiomedially)

2) the anterior 2/3 of iliac crest and linea alba and inguinal ligament
3) flexion of trunk, unilaterally - ipsilateral rotation of trunk

Question 7

internal oblique

1) origin
2) insertion
3) action (unilaterally & bilaterally)

Answer 7

1) inferior border of lower 4 ribs 10th costal cartilage and linea alba
2) lateral 2/3 of inguinal ligament, anterior 2/3 of iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia

3) unilaterally - side flexion & rotate ipsilaterally
bilaterally - flexion of trunk

Question 8

quadratus lumborum

1) origin
2) insertion
3) action (unilaterally & side flexion)

Answer 8

1) medial half of 12th rib and transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae
2) posterior iliac crest

3) unilaterally - side flexion
bilaterally - extension

Question 9

erector spinae

1) 3 parts
2) insertion

Answer 9

1) iliocostalis, longissimus and spinalis

2) lateral flexion and extension

Question 10

psoas major

1) origin
2) way the muscle passes
3) insertion

Answer 10

1) body of T12 to body of L5
2) passes antero-infero-laterally then postero-infero-laterally
3) lesser trochanter

Question 11

multifidus

origin

Answer 11

between spinous and transverse processes of all vertebrae

Question 12

rotatores

1) origin
2) insertion
3) action

Answer 12

1) transverse processes of thoracic vertebrae
2) attach to lamina of vertebrae above
3) rotation only in thoracic vertebra

Question 13

semispinalis cervicis action (unilaterally & bilaterally)

Answer 13

unilaterally - laterally flex and rotate the spine to the same side

bilaterally - extend the spine

Question 14

semispinalis capitis action

Answer 14

extension of vertebral column and head

Question 15

intersplinales

1) origin
2) action

Answer 15

1) spinous processes

2) extends vertebral column

Question 16

intertransversarii

Answer 16

small muscles placed between the transverse processes or cervical and lumbar regions