shoulder - all Flashcards
muscles in pectoral girdle
- pectoralis minor
- serratus anterior
- levator scapulae
- rhomboid minor
- rhomboid major
- trapezius
pectoralis minor
1) origin
2) insertion
3) action
1) 3-5 ribs
2) coracoid process
3) protracts and rotates scapula downwards
serratus anterior
1) origin
2) insertion
3) action
1) ribs 1-8
2) very medial border of scapula
3) lateral rotation, depression, protraction
levator scapulae
1) origin
2) insertion
3) action
1) transverse processes of vertebrae C1-C4
2) medial border of scapula
3) medial rotation, elevation
rhomboid minor
1) origin
2) insertion
3) action
1) spinous processes of vertebrae C7 though T1
2) top of medial border of scapula
3) medial rotation, elevation, retraction
trapezius
1) origin
2) insertion
3) action
1) occipital bone, ligamentum nuchae and spinous processes of C7 to T12
2) continuous insertion along acromion and spine of scapula & lateral third of clavicle
3) lateral rotation, elevation, depression, retraction
muscles in rotator cuff
- subscapularis
- supraspinatus
- infraspinatus
- teres minor
subscapularis
1) origin
2) insertion
3) action
1) anterior portion of scapula within subscapula fossa
2) lesser tubercle
3) medial rotation, prevents humeral head sliding upwards
supraspinatus
1) origin
2) insertion
3) action
1) posterior surface of scapula above scapula spine within supraspinous fossa
2) most superior aspect of greater tubercle
3) abducts humours, prevents downwards dislocation when the arm is relaxed
infraspinatus
1) origin
2) insertion
3) action
1) posterior surface of scapula below scapula pine within infraspinalis fossa
2) greater tubercle
3) rotates humorous laterally, prevents humeral head sliding upward when arm is raised
teres minor
1) origin
2) insertion
3) action
1) lateral border of scapula
2) greater tubercle
3) laterally rotates arm, prevents humeral head sliding upward when arm is raised
deltoid
1) origin anterior, middle & posterior fibres
2) insertion
3) action
1) lateral third of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula
2) deltoid tuberosity
3) abduction of arm
latissimus dorsi
1) origin
2) insertion
3) action
1) sacrum, lumbar spines, up to T6. lower 4 ribs and medial lip of iliac crest
2) floor of intertubercular groove
3) prime mover for arm extension, adduction and medial rotaion
teres major
1) origin
2) insertion
3) action
1) posterior surface of scapula at inferior angle
2) medial lip of the intertubercular sulcus of the humerus
3) extends, medially rotates and adducts arm
pectoralis major
1) origin
2) insertion
3) action
1) clavicle head : medial half of clavicle. sternal head: lateral border of sternum & superior 6 costal cartilages
2) by a short tendon into the greater tubercle
3) prime mover of arm flexion, medial rotator and adducts arm
coracobrachialis
1) origin
2) insertion
3) action
1) coracoid process
2) medial surface of distal humeral
3) flexion and adduction of arms
biceps brachii
1) origin
2) insertion
3) action
1) SH - coracoid process LH - supraglenoid tubercle
2) radial tuberosity
3) flexes and supernates forearm
triceps brachii
1) origin
2) insertion
3) action
1) LH - infraglenoid tubercle of scapula, lateral head - posterior shaft of humorous, medial head - posterior shaft of humorus distal to radial groove
2) by common tendon into olecranon prosses of ulna
3) forearm extensor
what is the rotator cuff
a group of muscles around the glenohumoral joint whose function is to not only produce movement at the glenohumoral joint but to provide the inherent stabilisation of the glenhumoral joint
what muscles are SITS
- supraspinatus
- infraspinatus
- teres minor
- subscapularis
what scapular muscles with laterally rotate the scapulae to present the glenoid in an upward facing poisiton
- upper trapezius
- lower trapezius
- serratus anterior
what muscles produces elevation
- levator scapula
- trapezius
what muscle produces depression
lower fibres of trapezius
what muscles produce retraction
- rhomboids (major & minor)
- middle fibres of trapezius
what muscles produce protraction
- pectoralis minor
- serratus anterior
where does the lower fibres of the trapezius attach?
attaches to medial end of spine of scapula
rhomboid major
1) origin
2) insertion
3) action
1) spinous processes of T2-T5
2) rest of medial border of scapula
3) retraction
where does the middle fibres of the trapezius attach?
crest of spine of scapula
muscles in glenohumoral joint for flextion
- pectoralis major
- deltoid - anterior fibres
- biceps brachii
- coracobrachialis
muscles in glenohumoral joint for extension
- latissimus dorsi
- pectoralis major
- deltoid - posterior fibres
- triceps - long head
muscles in glenohumoral joint for abduction
- deltoid
- supraspinatus
muscles in glenohumoral joint for adduction
- coracobrachialis
- latissimus dorsi
- pectoralis major
- teres major
medial rotators of the glenohumoral joint
- subscapularis
- teres major
- latissimus
- pectoralis major
- deltoid - anterior fibres
lateral rotators of the glenohumoral joint
- teres minor
- infraspinatus
- deltoid - posterior fibres