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OT102: Anatomy for Occupational Therapists > Spine & Trunk > Flashcards

Spine & Trunk Flashcards

1
Q

The vertebral column has ____ bony segments.

A

33

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2
Q

The mandible is at this vertebral level.

A

C2-C3

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3
Q

What vertebral level is the cricoid cartilage?

A

C6

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4
Q

What vertebral level is the thyroid cartilage?

A

C4-C5

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5
Q

The hyoid bone is at this vertebra level.

A

C3

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6
Q

At T8 the _________ pierces the diaphragm.

A

inferior vena cava

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7
Q

The xiphisternal junction is at this vertebral level.

A

T10

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8
Q

At T12…

A

the aorta pierces the diaphragm

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9
Q

This is found at the L1 level.

A

End of conus medullaris (spinal cord)

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10
Q

The subcostal plane is found at this vertebral level.

A

L3

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11
Q

The umbilicus is found at this vertebral level.

A

L3-L4

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12
Q

The iliac crest is found at this vertebral level.

A

L4

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13
Q

This is found at the S2 vertebral level.

A

End of dura sac (matter)

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14
Q

Lordosis of the cervical spine occurs at what age?

A

2-3 months old

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15
Q

Lordosis at the lumbar spine develops at what age?

A

10-12 months old

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16
Q

This transmits compressive forces to vertebral end plates.

A

vertebral body

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17
Q

This transmits bending forces and tenson from the posterior elements to the vertebral bodies.

A

pedicles

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18
Q

These are the lateral projections that serve as an attachment for muscles and ligaments.

A

transverse process

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19
Q

This has 2 superior and 2 inferior processes + zygapophyseal facets. It resists shear, compressive and torsional forces

A

articular process

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20
Q

This is the “central portion of the arch”

A

lamina

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21
Q

These are the posterior projections

A

spinous process

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22
Q

What is the function of the pars interarticularis

A

transmits forces from articular/transvers/spinous process to the pedicles

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23
Q

What is the passage way and protection of the spinal cord formally known as?

A

vertebral foramen

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24
Q

What is the function of vertebral notches?

A

forms intervertebral foramen w/ adjacent vertebra

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25
Q

Where does the spinal nerve roots and associated vessels pass?

A

intervertebral foramen

26
Q

What parts of the VC are included at the upper cervical region?

A

occipital condyle + C1 & C2

27
Q

What parts of VC are included at the lower cervical region?

A

C3-C7

28
Q

This vertebrae has a transverse foramen on each transverse process. Also its spinous process gets longer and are bifid except at its 7th level.

A

cervical vertebrae

29
Q

Which cervical vertebrae has no body or spinous process?

A

atlas (C1)

30
Q

What is the strongest cervical vertebra?

A

axis (C2)

31
Q

Which cervical vertebra has a non-bifid process and has a small vertebral canal?

A

Vertebra prominens (C7)

32
Q

Which thoracic vertebrae are considered typical?

A

T5-T8

33
Q

What is the largest vertebra in the body?

A

L5

34
Q

The sacral vertebrates fuses at what age?

A

20 years old

35
Q

How many pairs of dorsal and ventral foramina does the sacrum have?

A

4

36
Q

The inferior 3 coccygeal vertebrae fuses at what age?

A

midlife

37
Q

The vertebral body of the ______ region is large and kidney shaped.

A

lumbar

38
Q

This vertebra has a long and downward spinous process.

A

thoracic

39
Q

This vertebra has a large spinal canal.

A

cervical

40
Q

This vertebra has a triangular spinal canal.

A

lumbar

41
Q

How many intervertebral discs does the VC have?

A

23

42
Q

What is the “water balloon” structure of the intervertebral column?

A

nucleus pulposus

43
Q

What are the components of nucleus pulposus?

A

type 2 collagen + water

44
Q

What are the components of annulus fibrosus?

A

type 1 collagen + water

45
Q

What do you call the fibrous outer ring of an intervertebral disc?

A

annulus fibrosus

46
Q

What is the cartilaginous layer covering the inferior and superior surface of the disc?

A

vertebral end plate

47
Q

What ribs are classified as “true ribs”?

A

ribs 1-7 (articulates w/ sternum)

48
Q

What ribs are classified as “false ribs”?

A

ribs 8-10 (articulates w/ costal cartilage)

49
Q

Floating ribs articulate with what?

A

vertebrae only

50
Q

What are the components of the sternum?

A

manubrium, body, xiphoid process

51
Q

Flexion is greatest at which region of the spine?

A

cervical

52
Q

Extension is greatest at which region of the spine?

A

lumbar

53
Q

What motion do true ribs exhibit?

A

pump handle motion

54
Q

What motion do false ribs exhibit?

A

bucket handle motion

55
Q

What motion do floating ribs exhibit?

A

caliper motion

56
Q

What fascia encloses the rectus abdominis muscle?

A

rectus sheath

57
Q

What is the subcutaneous band of fibrous tissue that connects the right rectus sheath and left rectus sheath?

A

linea alba

58
Q

What fascia has 3 layers and covers the spine?

A

thoracolumbar sheath

59
Q

What fascia covers the psoas major muscle and thickens superiorly to form the medial arcuate ligament?

A

psoas fascia

60
Q
A

OT102: Anatomy for Occupational Therapists (7 decks)

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