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OT102: Anatomy for Occupational Therapists > Leg, Ankle, Foot > Flashcards

Leg, Ankle, Foot Flashcards

1
Q

What is the large weight-bearing medial bone of the leg?

A

Tibia

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2
Q

What bears 90% of the body’s weight?

A

Tibial plafond

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3
Q

Is the fibula part of the knee joint complex?

A

No

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4
Q

What is the main function of the fibula?

A

attachment of muscle. very little part in the function of transmitting weight

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5
Q

What is the function of the interosseous membrane?

A
  1. Assists in maintaining alignment
    of the two bones
  2. Site of attachment of several leg
    muscles
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6
Q

Below the lateral malleolus, what can be found?

A

Malleolar fossa

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7
Q

What type of joint is the proximal tibiofibular joint?

A

plane synovial joint

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8
Q

What are the ligaments of the proximal tibiofibular joint?

A

anterior and posterior ligament + interosseous membrane

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9
Q

What type of joint is the distal tibiofibular joint?

A

fibrous joint ( not much movement)

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10
Q

What are the ligaments in the distal tibiofibular joint?

A
  1. Interosseous membrane
  2. Anterior tibiofibular ligament
  3. Posterior tibiofibular ligaments
  4. Inferior transverse ligament
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11
Q

What are the regions of the foot?

A
  1. hindfoot
  2. midfoot
  3. forefoot
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12
Q

The tarsal bone is also known as what?

A

ankle

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13
Q

What is the largest bone of the foot?

A

calcaneum

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14
Q

What assists the support of the talus?

A

sustentaculum tali

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15
Q

The calcaneum forms the prominence of what?

A

the heel

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16
Q

What is the only tarsal bone that articulates with the tibia and fibula?

A

talus

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17
Q

the peroneus longus tendon passes by where?

A

cuboid bone (specifically at the groove on the inferior aspect)

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18
Q

What are the three cuneiform bones?

A

medial, intermediate. lateral

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19
Q

What is the function of the wedge shape of the cuneiform?

A

wedge shape contribute to the formation and maintenance of the transverse arch of the foot

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20
Q

The tarsals ossify before birth. What three bones are present at birth?

A

calcaneum, talus, cuboid

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21
Q

Which metatarsal gives attachment to the peroneus brevis tendon?

A

5th metatarsal

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22
Q

The big toe has how much phalanges?

A

2 phalanges

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23
Q

What bones comprise the forefoot?

A

metatarsals and phalanges

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24
Q

What bones comprise the midfoot?

A

navicular, cuboid, 3 cuneiform bones (medial, intermediate, lateral)

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25
Q

Which ligament deepens the socket so that the talus fits snugly?

A

interior transverse tibiofibular ligament

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26
Q

What are the 4 different ligaments that comprise the medial or deltoid ligament?

A
  1. Anterior Talotibial ligament
  2. Posterior Talotibial ligament
  3. Calcaneotibial ligament
  4. Tibionavicular ligament
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27
Q

The medial/deltoid ligament helps stabilize the ankle in the case of what?

A

eversion

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28
Q

What are the three ligaments that make up the lateral (colateral) ligament?

A
  1. anterior talofibular ligament
  2. posterior talofibular ligament
  3. calcaneofibular ligament
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29
Q

Which is stronger? Lateral or medial ligament?

A

lateral ligament

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30
Q

What kind of stress does the lateral ligament protect against?

A

varus stress

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31
Q

What are the ligaments of the subtalar joint?

A
  1. medial and lateral talocalcaneal ligaments
  2. interosseous talocalcaneal ligament
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32
Q

Chopart’s tarsal joint is also known as what?

A

midtarsal joint

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33
Q

What are the joints that comprise the midtarsal joint?

A
  1. Talonavicular joint
  2. Calcaneocuboid joint
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34
Q

What ligament of the talonavicular joint mains the medial longitudinal arch?

A

spring ligament

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35
Q

What are the ligaments of the talonavicular joint?

A
  1. talonavicular ligament
  2. lateral calcaneonavicular ligament
  3. Spring ligament
36
Q

What are the only movements that happen at the ankle joint?

A

dorsi flexion and plantar flexion

37
Q

What is the function of the long plantar ligament?

A

maintains lateral longitudinal arch

37
Q

What are the movements of the subtarsal and midtarsal?

A

inversion and eversion

37
Q

Lisfranc’s joint is also known as what?

A

tarsometatarsal joint

38
Q

What are the articulations of the Lisfranc’s joint?

A

cuboid, cuneiform, metatarsal

39
Q

Each metatarsal base forms a joint with its adjacent metatarsal base. What joint is formed?

A

intermetatarsal joint

40
Q

What are the ligaments of the intermetatarsal joint?

A

dorsal, plantar, interosseous ligaments

41
Q

inversion and eversion happens at what part of the foot?

A

midtarsal and subtalar

42
Q

Dorsi flexion and plantar flexion happens where?

A

ankle joint

43
Q

What ligaments supports the interphalangeal joint?

A

collateral ligament

44
Q

The midtarsal joint is compose of what joints?

A

“TaLoNa CCpa”
1. talonavicular lig.
2. Lateral calcaneonavicular lig.
3. plantar calcaneonavicular lig. (spring lig.)

44
Q

The medial ligament limits what?

A

valgus force/eversion

45
Q

The main muscles that are responsible for dorsiflexion is found at which compartment of the leg?

A

anterior compartment

46
Q

What muscles can be found at the lateral compartment of the leg?

A

peroneus longus & peroneus brevis

47
Q

What compartment is responsible for eversion and holds up the lateral and longitudinal arch?

A

lateral compartment of the leg

48
Q

What powerful muscle is responsible for plantar flexion and works the most during walking?

A

soleus

49
Q

The superficial group of the posterior compartment of the leg is responsible for what?

A

knee flexion and plantar flexion

50
Q

The tibialis anterior and peroneus tertius are responsible for what movement?

A

ankle dorsiflexion

51
Q

What muscles are responsible for ankle inversion?

A

tibialis anterior and tibialis posterior

52
Q

What muscles are responsible for ankle eversion?

A

peroneus tertius, peroneus longus, peroneus brevis

52
Q

Is the tibialis posterior responsible for dorsi or plantarflexion?

A

plantarflexion

53
Q

What are the three arches of the foot?

A

medial longitudinal, lateral longitudinal, transverse arch

54
Q

What is the primary ligament that supports the medial longitudinal arch?

A

spring ligament

55
Q

What is the center or keystone of the medial longitudinal march?

A

talus

56
Q

What is the importance of foot arches?

A

to support body weight

57
Q

What is the keystone of the lateral longitudinal arch?

A

cuboid

58
Q

What is the primary ligament that supports the lateral longitudinal arch?

A

long plantar ligament

59
Q

What bones comprise the transverse arch?

A

base of all metatarsals & 3 cuneiforms

60
Q

What ties the ends of the arch together? (hint: “tie beams”)

A

plantar aponeurosis

60
Q

What are the functions of the arches of the foot?

A
  1. allow the foot to adapt to various surfaces
  2. absorb forces imparted to the foot
  3. provide weight bearing surface + base of support for body
  4. propulsion of body (walking)
61
Q

What intrinsic muscle is found at the 4th layer?

A

interossei

61
Q

What does the popliteal artery supply?

A

popliteal fossa

62
Q

The medial part of the sole is supplied by what artery?

A

medial plantar artery

63
Q

What does the lateral plantar artery supply?

A

lateral sole of the foot

64
Q

What artery supplies the lateral compartment of the leg?

A

peroneal/fibular artery

65
Q

The profunda femoris artery branches from what artery?

A

femoral artery

66
Q

The femoral artery eventually branches into what artery?

A

popliteal artery

67
Q

The dorsum of the foot is supplied by which artery?

A

dorsalis pedis artery

68
Q

What artery supplies the posterior compartment of the leg?

A

posterior tibial artery

69
Q

The external and internal iliac vein joins to what vein?

A

common iliac vein

70
Q

At the medial part of the tibia, the dorsal venous arch will become what vein?

A

Great saphenous vein

71
Q

What innervates the posterior part of the leg? (hint: thigh part)

A

sciatic nerve

72
Q

What innervates the muscles of anterior compartment of the leg?

A

Deep peroneal nerve

73
Q

What innervates the muscles of the lateral compartment of the leg?

A

superficial peroneal nerve

74
Q

What does the lateral and medial plantar nerve innervate?

A

sole of the foot

74
Q

Which nerve innervates the muscles of the posterior leg?

A

tibial nerve

74
Q

Flexors at the legs are innervated by what nerve?

A

tibial nerve

75
Q

Muscles of the posterior thigh are innervated by what nerve?

A

sciatic nerve

76
Q

The deep peroneal nerve supplies what?

A

for sensory: dorsal webspace of 1st and 2nd toes

77
Q

The posterior cutaneous nerve supplies sensory innervation for what part of the leg?

A

popliteal fossa and upper back of the leg

78
Q
A

OT102: Anatomy for Occupational Therapists (3 decks)

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