Spine Osteology/Myology

Question 1

Which segment has 7 vertebrae?

Answer 1

Cervical Spine

Question 2

Which segment has 12 vertebrae?

Answer 2

Thoracic Spine

Question 3

Which segment has 5 vertebrae?

Answer 3

Lumbar Spine

Question 4

This is considered 1 bone, which is made of 5 fused vertebrae

Answer 4

Sacrum

Question 5

Considered 1 bone, usually made of 4 fused vertebrae

Answer 5

Coccyx

Question 6

What processes is the posterior prominences of the spine

Answer 6

Spinous processes

Question 7

What processes is the lateral prominences of the spine

Answer 7

Transverse Processes

Question 8

What fascia is in the low back covers from the 12th rib to the iliac crest and has many muscle attachments?

Answer 8

Thoracolumbar Fascia

Question 9

The vertebrae is divided into how many segments?

Answer 9

5 segments

Question 10

O: TVP of C1-4

I: Superior angle of scapula

A: H/N Fixed - S-T elevation/downward rotation
: Scapula Fixed - Ipsilateral lateral flexion/rotation

Answer 10

Lavator Scapula

Question 11

O: SP C7 - T5

I: Root of spine of scapula to the inferior angle of scapula

A: Assists serratus anterior to hold scapula against ribs
: S-T retraction/downward rotation/elevation

Answer 11

Rhomboids

Question 12

O: Superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, C7 SP via nuchal ligament

I: Lateral clavicle and acromion

A: S-T elevation/rotation (head/neck fixed)
: H/N extension/ipsilateral lateral felxion/contralateral rotation (scapula fixed)

Answer 12

Upper Trapezius

Question 13

O: C7 - T5 SPs

I: Superior lip of the spine of scapula

A: S-T retracction

Answer 13

Middle Trapezius

Question 14

O: T6 - T12 SPs

I: Medial end of the spine of scapula (root of spine)

A: S-T depression/upward rotation

Answer 14

Lower Trapezius

Question 15

O: SP T6 - iliac crest, lumbar and sacral vertebrae via thoracolumbar fascia, ribs 9-12, inferior angle of scapula (inconsistent attachment)

I: Floor of bicipital groove

A: S-T depression/upward rotation

Answer 15

Latissimus Dorsi

Question 16

Movement of humerus in the transverse plane, towards midline of body

Answer 16

Horizontal Adduction/Horizontal Flexion

Question 17

Movement of humerus in the transverse plane, away from midline of body

Answer 17

Horizontal Abduction/Horizontal Extension

Question 18

(Fan-shaped muscle, 2 subdivided origins)
1st O: Clavicular head (upper fibres) - medial 1/2 of clavicle
2nd O: Sternocostal head (lower fibres) - sternum, costal cartilages of rib 2-6

I: Both heads into lateral lip of bicipital groove

A: G-H medial rotation/adduction/horizontal adduction/flexion(from deep extension)/extension(from deep flexion)

Answer 18

Pectoralis Major

Question 19

O: Coracoid process

I: Ribs 3-5

A: S-T protraction/depression/downward rotation - assists to elevate ribs with forced inhalation if scapula is fixed

Answer 19

Pectoralis Minor

Question 20

O: Anterior surface of medial border of scapula

I: Lateral surface of upper 8 ribs

A: S-T protraction/upward rotation

Answer 20

Serratus Anterior

Question 21

The Serratus Anterior keeps the medial border of scapula against the ribs. What will happen if the muscle is weak?

Answer 21

“Winging of scapula”