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ANA.2 > Compartments of the Lower Leg > Flashcards

Compartments of the Lower Leg Flashcards

1
Q

Muscle attachment from the lateral condyle of femur articulating to the posterior proximal surface of tibia, just above the soleal line

-A: Knee Flexion (weak) / Unlocking screw-home mech.)

A

Popliteus

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2
Q

In what movement does the popliteus rotate the tibia to ‘unlock’ the knee and allow flexion

A

Medial rotation

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3
Q

When the popliteus is extended, the tibia rotates laterally, locking the knee into a stable position is known as?

A

Screw-home Mechanism

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4
Q

Primary extensor muscle located at the anterior, lateral tibia and interosseous membrane to the 1st (medial) cuneiform and base of 1st MT

A

Tibialis Anterior

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5
Q

Extensor of 1st MT, located at the anterior middle fibula and interosseous membrane to the base of the distal phalanx of 1st toe (dorsal surface)

A

Extensor Hallucis Longus

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6
Q

Muscle located at the proximal 3/4 of anterior fibula and interosseous membrane articulating with middle, distal phalanges of lateral 4 toes (dorsal surface)

-Extension of 2nd-5th toes (MTPs/PIPs/DIPs)

A

Extensor Digitorum Longus

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7
Q

Muscle attachment from the anterior distal fibula articulating with the 5th MT (dorsal surface)

A

Peromeus Tertius

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8
Q

Fibrous plates that prevent the tendons from bowing as muscle contracts

A

Retinacula

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9
Q

Palpation for the anterior extensor compartments start from?

TA/EHL/EDL

A

Medial to Lateral

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10
Q

Retinacula runs from the lower end of fibula to the lower end of tibia

A

Superior Extensor Retinaculum

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11
Q

Retinacula runs from calcaneus to tibial malleolus and medial plantar aponeurosis
- “Y-Shaped”

A

Inferior Extensor Retinaculum

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12
Q

What surrounds the tendon to prevent friction between the tendons and retinacula

A

Tendon sheath

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13
Q

What makes up the tendon sheath?

A 
Connective Tissue (Outer)
Synovial Layer (inner)
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14
Q

Muscle attachment at the lateral proximal 2/3 of fibula to the base of 1st MT and 1st (medial) cuneiform (plantar surface)

  • Supports Transverse Arch of foot
  • Forms a stirrup w/ the Tibialis Anterior
A

Peroneus Longus

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15
Q

Muscle attachment at the lateral distal 2/3rd of fibula to the tuberosity of the 5th MT

A

Peroneus Brevis

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16
Q

AKA for Peroneus

A

Fibularis

17
Q

What bone does the peroneus longus and peroneus brevis pass behind?

A

Lateral Malleolus

18
Q

What happens if the peroneal retinacula and associated tendon sheaths are damaged?

A

“Clicking” sound will occur

19
Q

Muscle of 2 heads crossing the medial and lateral femoral condyles articulating with the calcaneus

A

Gastrocnemius

20
Q

Superficial muscle located at the proximal posterior fibula, soleal line, and middle medial border of tibia articulating the calcaneus

A

Soleus

21
Q

The Gastrocnemius and Soleus altogether are known as?

A

Triceps Surae

22
Q

What distal tendon does the Gastrocnemius and Soleus share which, attaches the calcaneus?

A

Achilles Tendon

23
Q

AKA. for Achilles Tendon

A

Calcaneal Tendon

24
Q

Muscle found at the distal lateral supracondylar ridge of the femur to the calcaneus

  • Consist of a long ligament extending down to calcaneus
A

Plantaris

25
Q

The fascia on the plantar surface of the foot, continuing to the calf

A

Plantar Aponeurosis

26
Q

Muscle located at the posterior tibia, interosseous membrane, and fibula crossing over to the navicular tuberosity and surrounding bones

A

Tibialis Posterior

27
Q

Flexor origin at the lower 2/3rd of posterior fibula and interosseous membrane crossing to the plantar surface of 1st phalanx

-Flexion of 1st MTP and IP

A

Flexor Hallucis Longus

28
Q

Flexor at the posterior middle tibia inserting into the plantar surface of 1st distal phalanx

-A: PIP/DIP/MTP flexion of 2nd-5th toes

A

Flexor Digitorum Longus

29
Q

The Deep Posterior Compartment muscle pass behind what bone?

A

Medial Malleolus

30
Q

A tunnel formation from the flexor retinaculum

A

Tarsal Tunnel

31
Q

Direction of palpation for the Deep Posterior Compartment muscles

A

Anterior to Posterior

32
Q

A Tarsal Tunnel syndrome is caused by?

Resulting from arthritis and chronic tendonosis

A

Prolonged eversion and a pinched nerve

33
Q

What are the action(s) of the Anterior Compartments of the lower leg?

A

Dorsiflexion
Inversion (TA/EHL)
Eversion (EDL/PT)

34
Q

What are the action(s) of the Lateral Compartments of the lower leg?

A

Eversion/(weak)Plantar Flexion

35
Q

What are the action(s) of the Superficial Posterior Compartments of the lower leg?

A 
Plantar Flexion
Knee Flexion (P)
36
Q

What are the action(s) of the Deep Posterior Compartments of the lower leg?

A

Inversion/Plantar Flexion

ANA.2 (7 decks)

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