Spine disorders - Cervical radiculopathy, myelopathy, spondylosis, disc degeneration, facet joint arthrosis, facet joint dislocation

Question 1

Vertebral column

Vertebrae
Structures
Ligaments
Disc structure

Answer 1

Question 2

Intervertebral foramina

Boundaries

Answer 2

Question 3

Vertebral column ROM

Answer 3

Question 4

Bony landmarks for vertebrae level

Answer 4

Question 5

Denis Classification of Thoracolumbar Trauma

Answer 5

Question 6

Spinal cord

Segments

Answer 6

Question 7

Spinal cord

Nerve roots

Answer 7

Question 8

Spinal cord

Myotomes

Answer 8

Question 9

Motor power scale

Answer 9

Question 10

Dermatomes

Answer 10

Question 11

Key muscle power ASIA Chart

Answer 11

Question 12

C-spine

typical cervical vertebrae

Answer 12

Question 13

C1-C2 anatomy

Answer 13

Question 14

C-spine ROM

Answer 14

Question 15

Neck pain

Ddx
Ix

Answer 15

Question 16

Neck pain

General management

Answer 16

Question 17

Neck exam

Look Feel Move

Answer 17

Question 18

C-spine

Neurological exam

Answer 18

Question 19

C-spine

Spurling test

Answer 19

Question 20

Scapulohumeral reflex
Inverted supinator relfex

Answer 20

Question 21

Hoffman sign

Answer 21

Question 22

10 second test

Answer 22

Question 23

Finger escape sign

Answer 23

Question 24

Lhermitte’s sign

Answer 24

Question 25

Waddell’s sign

Answer 25

Question 26

Cervical radiculopathy

Cause
Clinical presentation
Ddx

Answer 26

Question 27

Cervical radiculopathy

Mx

Answer 27

Management:

Conservative treatment is the first-line approach: physical therapy, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and short-term oral corticosteroids if indicated.

Activity modification and ergonomic adjustments are also part of the conservative management strategy.

Surgical Options:
If conservative management fails after a trial period (usually 6-12 weeks), surgical options like anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) may be considered.

Prognosis of Cervical Radiculopathy - ~80% self-limiting and affect sensory only- Progression is uncommon

Question 28

Cervical myelopathy

Cause

Answer 28

Question 29

Cervical myelopathy

Clinical presentation

Answer 29

Question 30

Cervical myelopathy

Signs

Answer 30

Question 31

Cervical myelopathy

Spasiticity scale

Answer 31

0 = no increase in tone
1 = minimal increase in tone at end of ROM
2 = increased tone throughout ROM, Passive movement easy
3 = Passive movement difficult
4 = Rigid in flexion or extension

Question 32

Cervical myelopathy

Ix

Answer 32

Question 33

Cervical myelopathy

Mx
Prognosis

Answer 33

Question 34

C-spine

Xray views

Answer 34

Question 35

C-spine X ray

Technical qualities

Answer 35

Question 36

C-spine X-ray

ABCDEF approachh
Normal alignment, lines, thickness of soft tissue

Answer 36

Question 37

Cervical spondylosis

Pathogenesis

Answer 37

Question 38

Cervical spondylosis

Clinical presentation
Signs
Special tests

Answer 38

Question 39

Cervical spondylosis

Dx

Answer 39

Question 40

Cervical Spondylosis

Mx

Answer 40

Question 41

Facet joint arthrosis

Pathogenesis
Cause of pain
Clinical presentation
Mx

Answer 41

Question 42

Cervical facet dislocation

Cause
Pathogenesis
Clinical presentation

Answer 42

Question 43

Facet dislocation

Dx

Answer 43

Question 44

Unilateral facet dislocation

Radiological features

Answer 44

Question 45

Facet dislocation

CT feature
Bilateral dislocation feature

Answer 45

Question 46

Opacification of Posterior Longitudinal Ligament

Cause
Clinical presentation
Dx

Answer 46