Spine and pelvis week 1

Question 1

when does the spine starts to develop in pregnancy?

Answer 1

after 36 days arises form somite cells. carniage 15

Question 2

When does the ossification of vertebrae occurs?

Answer 2

starts to become evident by the 8th week

Question 3

When does the arch of vertebrae fuses? and in what order?

Answer 3

usually in 3-5 years old. initially fuses in the lumbar region and progresses cranially.

Question 4

what age the vertebrae fully ossify?

Answer 4

25 yo

Question 5

what is the position of fetus spine at birth?

Answer 5

kyphotic and slowly progressing to straight

Question 6

when does cervical curve appears?

Answer 6

6 months

Question 7

Lumbar lordosis occurs at ——

Answer 7

10 months old. or when the child starts to quadruped rocking and crawling

Question 8

describe the shape of the spine from fetus to 6 years old

Answer 8

The spine changes from a single curve at birth to a triple curve during childhood

Question 9

Describe scoliosis of the spine in kids

Answer 9

lateral curve of the spine in the thoracic region

Question 10

describe kyphosis?

Answer 10

Dorsally exaggerated thoracic curve
the normal amount is 23-45 degrees
in older generation and rickets disease

Question 11

Mention a type of kyphosis and describe it?

Answer 11

Sheuremanns kyphosis- anterior wedging of 3 consecutive vertebrae. pain not ususally severe. pain usually at mid scapular region. aching pain with prolonged sitting and standing acitivity

Question 12

Describe lordosis and mention types and normal range.

Answer 12

increased lumbar lordosis curvature
osteomalacia, TB of the spine, normal levels are 20-55

Question 13

why back pain is an unexpected findnig in children and what is the red flag?

Answer 13

bakc pain due to pathologies, posture, backpacks and acitiviy level.
Night pain is reg flag
pain referred from intra-abdominal and intrathoracic pathologies pain usually more constant and worse at night. not alleviated by rest

Question 14

what is the likely an indication of back pain in children less than 4 years old?

Answer 14

infection or neoplasm

Question 15

back pain in less than 10 years old indicates

Answer 15

Diskitis, vertebral osteomyelitis or neoplasm

Question 16

back pain after 10 years old

Answer 16

potentially is secondary to trauma

Question 17

pain in adolescents?

Answer 17

most likely finding spondylolysis, sheuermann’s kyphosis, disk herniation, slipped or vertebral apophysis
Sheuermann’s kyphosis most common thoracic painin adolescents
Lumbar sheuermann’s disease most common in older adolescents

Question 18

Describe ossification of the pelvis

Answer 18

Pelvis comprised of 3 bones including ilium, ischium, and pubis. in the first few weeks of the embryonic period, all elements of the pelvis and hip have differentiated from a single mass of mesoderm to blastemic tissue, pre cartilage and cartilage

Question 19

when does hip joint forms in embryonic phase?

Answer 19

Features are visible in week 6. fully developed Hk at the end of the 8th week.

Question 20

Ossification of the pelvis time frame?

Answer 20

Ossification of the ilium begins at 9 weeks
Ossification of the ischium begins at 16 weeks
at birth the acetabulum is completely cartilaginous. The acetabulum shape and depth is determined by 8 years
3 acetabulum epiphyseal centres dont fuse until 17-18 yrs of age.till adolescents
acetabular depth is inc

Question 21

The most important pre-natal growth of acetabulum is—-

Answer 21

external mechanical forces