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Examinations > Spine > Flashcards

Spine Flashcards

1
Q
  1. General examination
A 
Walking aids
Specialist shoes
Body habitus
Signs of pain
Systemically well
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2
Q
  1. Look
A 
Comment on walking, willingness to weight bear
Gait
Alignment/Deformity
Skin changes
Wasting
Swelling
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3
Q
  1. Gait
A

Antalgic
Trendelenberg
Foot drop
Stiff hip

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4
Q
  1. Alignment/deformity
A

Normal khyphosis/lordosis
Scoliosis
Question mark posture ?ank spond

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5
Q
  1. Skin changes
A

Scars (discectomy), erythema, bruising

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6
Q
  1. Wasting
A

Para spinal and gluteal muscles

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7
Q
  1. Feel
A

Temperature
Spinous processes
Paraspinal muscles
Sacroiliac joints

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8
Q
  1. Move
A

C spine
Thoracic
Lumbar spine

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9
Q
  1. C spine (move)
A

Flexion - chin on chest
Extension - head back
Rotation - head to left/right shoulder
Lateral flexion - left/right ear to shoulder

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10
Q
  1. Thoracic (move)
A

Rotation - fix pelvis, twist to left and right

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11
Q
  1. Lumbar spine
A

Lateral flexion - run hand down side of leg
Extension - lean back as far as possible
Flexion - 2 fingers on lumbar spine, touch toes keeping legs straight

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12
Q
  1. Special Tests
A

Nerve Root Compression (fmst, slr)
Modified Schober’s Test
Wall Test

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13
Q
  1. Nerve Root Compression
A

Femoral Nerve Stretch Test (L2, L3, L4)
on front, knee 90°, passive hip extension
Pain in back, bum, or legs suggests herniation

Straight Leg raise (L4, L5, S1)
pain at 30°- 70° in back, bum or legs suggests herniation

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14
Q
  1. Modified Schobers Test
A 
Lumbosacral junction (dimples of Venus)
10cm above, 5 cm below
Patient touches toes, measure, <5cm increase = reduced Rangel of flexion
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15
Q
  1. Wall test
A

Head can’t touch wall = increases khyphosis

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16
Q
  1. Joint above
A

Hip - internal rotation, flexion

17
Q
  1. Neurovascular
A

Dorsalis pedis, tibialis anterior
Sensation - L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, S1
Reflexes - knee and ankle

Examinations (10 decks)

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