Spine Flashcards
what is the structure that looks like a jelly filled doughnut
vertebral disk
what part of the spine is more stiff
thoracic spine
what part of the spine is more mobile
cervical spine
cervical spine injury prevention method
muscle strengthening
2 Thoracic spine injury prevention methods
correct posture and available range of motion
functional strength and biomechanics
2 Lumbar spine injury prevention methods
avoid stress
correction of biomechanical abnormalities
2 general spine injury prevention
have functional range of motion
using proper technique
how can functional range of motion be improved
stretching and mobility
Aspects of proper lifting technique
use proper breathing techniques to stabilize the spine
use a spotter
keep everything in line
what does trunk stabilization do
prevent microtrauma by keeping the spine and pelvis in a safe mid range position
kyphotic
excessive thoracic flexion
lordotic
excessive lumbar curvature
radiating pain during a press-up test is indicative of…
a herniated disk
sensation testing involves
dermatomes
strength testing involves
myotomes
the three reflexes used in an upper extremity reflex test are…
what nerve roots are tested
biceps (C5)
brachioradialis (C6)
tricep (C7)
the two reflexes used in an lower extremity reflex test are…
what nerve roots are tested
patellar tendon (L4) Achilles tendon (S1)
define etiology
source of injury
what forces often lead to cervical fractures
axial load and a flexed spine
what muscles are commonly involves in neck/upper back strains
upper traps
scalenes
spenius capitis
cervicis
what is the common word used to describe cervical sprains
whiplash
What us acute torticollis
synovial capsule impingement withing a facet
what level of cord lesion results in death
at or above C3
what mechanisms can result in cervical cord and nerve root injury
laceration
compression
stretch
blunt trauma
stretching or compression of the brachial plexus results in…
brachial plexus neurapraxia
lower back pain results from
mechanical defects of the spine resulting from bad posture, obesity, or body mechanics
vertebral compression fractures often result from
trunk hyperflexion
sciatica results from
nerve root compression
anatomical irregularities
tightness of the piriformis
normally the sciatic nerve should pass between, under or over the piriformis
under
what is spondylolysis
the degeneration of the vertebrae due to congenital weakness
what is spondylolisthesis
slipping of one vertebrae above or below another, often related with a spondylolysis
SI joint instability is commonly due to…
muscle imbalances
