Spinal Objectives Flashcards
1
Q
what is the function of the spinal cord?
A
- carries sensory signals and motor innervation to most of the skeletal muscles
2
Q
what is the difference between paraplegic and tetraplegic?
A
- Paraplegic = loss of/or impairment of motor +- sensory function in the thoracic, lumbar or spinal segments (not cervical) of the spinal cord
- Tetraplegic= paralysis of all four limbs, motor +- sensory function in the cervical spinal segments
3
Q
what is the difference between incomplete and complete SCI?
A
- Complete SCI = they have a complete loss of motor and sensory function below the SCI
- Incomplete SCI = they have partial random preservation of motor or sensory function below SCI
4
Q
what are the implications for a patient with confirmed high cervical cord damage?
A
- the higher the SCI (C1-C4) the more severe the loss of respiratory function, therefore require ventilation support
- a loss of all muscle function resulting in tetraplegia
- C6-C8 still will have diaphragm, and accessory muscle function and may be able to move neck, shoulders, and chest = quadriplegic
5
Q
why are spinal patients arms positioned in a crucifix position?
A
- prevention of shoulder pain in tetraplegics
- prevent adhesive capsulitis of the shoulders and contractures
6
Q
what are hand splints and when are they indicated?
A
-hand splints keep the hand in a neutral position and help prevent contractures
7
Q
what bowel care is required for a spinal patient?
A
- regular diet -not high in fibre, fat or dairy
- establish bowel regime
- encourage fluids
8
Q
what body points should you check to see if a pt is in alignment whilst supine?
A
- shoulders in alignment with hips
- legs are in alignment with hips
- head centred
9
Q
list 4 ways to minimise the development of pressure areaa in the acute spinal cord injured pt.
A
- gel pad for occipital
- ensure bed is crease free when rolling pt
- ensure lines aren’t pressing into the pt, rotate is possible
- heel bolsters
