Spinal Cord Nerves Flashcards
3 functions of a spinal cords
conduction: sensory
locomotion: motor
reflexes: decision made in spinal cord
how many spinal nerves are there
31
first pair pass between the skull and vertebra C1, and the rest pass through the intervertebral foramina
medullary cone
end of spinal nerves around L1 area
ventral median fissure
dorsal median sulcus
know on spinal cord
cauda equina
l2 to s5
meninges
From superficial to deep, they are the dura mater(epidural space), arachnoid mater(cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
terminal filum
forms part of the coccygeal ligament that anchors the cord to vertebra L2) (end of horse tail)
denticulate ligaments
anchors the cord)
ascending(sensory) and descending(motor)
3 ascending sensory
2 descending motor
nerve anatomy
Endoneurium (nerve fiber)
Perineurium (fascicles)
Epineurium (nerve)
afferent vs efferent
A comes before e and sensory comes before motor
somatic nerves
The somatic nervous system is the part of the peripheral nervous system associated with the voluntary control of body movements via skeletal muscles. The SoNS consists of afferent and efferent nerves
visceral nervous
autonomic nervous system (ANS or visceral nervous system or involuntary nervous system) is the part of the peripheral nervous system that acts as a control system that functions largely below the level of consciousness to control visceral functions,[1] including heart rate, digestion, respiratory rate, salivation, perspiration, pupillary dilation, micturition (urination), sexual arousal, breathing and swallowing. Most autonomous functions are involuntary but they can often work in conjunction with the somatic nervous system which provides voluntary control.
dorsal root vs ventral root
dorsal root (sensory) ventral root (motor) dorsal root ganglion, so no ventral root ganglion
ramus
an arm or branch of a bone, in particular those of the ischium and pubes or of the jawbone.
sympathetic vs parasympathetic
The sympathetic system is fight or the flight system and its nerves direct more blood to the muscles whereas decreases blood supply to the gut.It increases the heart rate and blood pressure and also activates the body’s mechanisms to provide immediate energy to face the stressful state.So this system utilizes the body’s energy resources just to prepare it for some upcoming stressful state.
The parasympathetic system is rest and digest system.It increases the blood supply to gut and increases the digestion.So it tries to restore the body’s energy sources.
ventral vs dorsal rami
ventral is usually larger then posterior roots.
somatic sensory
General sensory input widely distributed throughout the body; innervated by spinal afferents and General Somatic Afferent (GSA) cranial nerves (e.g. touch-pressure, hot-cold, pain)
visceral sensory
review slide 25
visceral motor (autonomic)
review slide 25
somatic motor
The somatic nervous system (SoNS Or voluntary nervous system) is the part of the peripheral nervous system associated with the voluntary control of body movements via skeletal muscles.
cervical plexus
ventral rami c1 -c5
phrenic defined
of or relating to the diaphragm
brachial plexus
ventral rami (c5-t1)
ended at slide 31
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