Spinal cord injury

Question 1

which SCI has NO SACRAL SPARING ? incomplete or complete

Answer 1

complete

Question 2

T OR F: the lower the injury the more mobility

Answer 2

true

Question 3

would a person with a L- level injury be able to use assistive devices to walk?

Answer 3

YESS

Question 4

what is Wallerian Degeneration?

Answer 4

nerve fiber is crushed or cut

axon separates from cell body and degenerates distal to the injury

Question 5

define autonomic dysreflexia (AKA HYPERREFLEXIA)

Answer 5

a reaction of the ANS to overstimulation

results in sweating & headaches

Question 6

what is areflexia (hyporeflexia)

Answer 6

below normal or absent reflexes

Question 7

define spinal shock

Answer 7

initially an absence of all reflex activity

initial time lasts 24-hrs by a gradual return of reflexes 1-3 days after injury

Question 8

what is brown-sequard syndrome

Answer 8

result from penetrating injury (gunshot)
only half of spinal cord is damaged 
IPSILATERAL loss of motor function
contralateral loss of pain& temp
prognosis is good

Question 9

what is posterior cord syndrome

Answer 9

RARE.

from a tumor or infarction of the posterior spinal artery

Question 10

what is anterior spinal artery syndrome

Answer 10

caused by flexion/compression injuries

damage usually in 2/3 of the cord

Question 11

why can most neurons not regenerate after injury

Answer 11

clean up is slow

glial cells inhibit regeneration

Question 12

how fast do nerves regenerate

Answer 12

speed is about 1 mm per day

Question 13

is the axon is damaged can neurons regenerate?

Answer 13

yes

Question 14

PNS CAN REGENERATE

Answer 14

because the cleanup is faster due to macrophages

Question 15

C1-C3 results in limited movement of what?

Answer 15

limited head&neck movement and only with paralysis below that region, may have difficulty talking

Question 16

C3-C4 injury=

Answer 16

have head & neck movement, typically able to speak and can breath without ventilator

Question 17

C5 injury=

Answer 17

head,neck& shoulder control, bend elbows, rotate hands,self care is manageable, driving can happen, w/c can be pushed

Question 18

C6 injury=

Answer 18

same as C5 plus light housekeeping

Question 19

C7 injury=

Answer 19

same as C6 but manage more easily

Question 20

C8-T1 injury=

Answer 20

movement with head,neck,shoulders,arms and fingers, able to live more independently

Question 21

T2-6 injury=

Answer 21

normal function in upper body, some degree of impairment in legs

Question 22

T7-T12 injury=

Answer 22

similar to function to T2-6 but more control

Question 23

L level injury=

Answer 23

some abilities to move hips and knees, walking can be possible with devices