Spinal cord injuries

Question 1

Etiology of SCI:

Answer 1

falls, violence, sports, vehicle crashes ***

Question 2

quadraplegia:

Answer 2

injury between C1 to T1

Question 3

Parapeligia

Answer 3

thoracic, lumbar, or sacral regions of spine.

Question 4

Mechanisms of SCI:

Answer 4

85 % are trauma caused. 15% tumors or ischemia. hyper flexion, hyper extension or compression forces applied to the spine

Question 5

last functioning neurological segment

Answer 5

vertebrae that the patient fractured

Question 6

myotomes:

Answer 6

each nerulogical segments supplies groups of muscle.(myotomes) COMPLETE C6 would have function of muscles supplied by myotomes C1-C6

Question 7

Dermatomes:

Answer 7

Area of skin that is supplied by that nerve root. Sensory loss would be expected in the dermatomes below the level of SCI.

Question 8

Incomplete SCI:

Answer 8

Myotomes and dermatomes that are functioning below the level of the SC injury. Some function and sensation remains below injury.

Question 9

2 classifications of incomplete:

Answer 9

Central (greater loss of U/E), Lateral (motor loss of one side).

Question 10

Cauda Equina Lesion:

Answer 10

below L2. (horse’s tail). Loss of sensation betwen legs (thighs) and back of legs. Bladder/ Bowel dysfunction. weak legs.

Question 11

Stages of recovery:

Answer 11

spinal shock (flacid paralysis), Recovery (spastic paralysis)

Question 12

Complications:

Answer 12

Autonomic dysreflexia, respiratory problems, decreased vital capacity of the lungs, ulcers.

Question 13

Recovery:

Answer 13

neuroplasticity (reorganization within the CNS) and neurogenesis

Question 14

Epidural Stimulation:

Answer 14

extensive electrical stimulation of subjects lower spinal cord mimicking brain signals to create movement. TREADMILL