spinal cord diseases Flashcards
what spinal cord disease causes spinal damage at or distal to L1 and most common cause is central LUMBAR disc
cauda equina syndrome
what are features of cauda equina syndrome
bladder and bowel dysfunction (prolapse at l4/l5 or l5/s1)
perianal and perineal anesthesia (saddle)
back pain usually
numbness and weakness in LL w reduced reflexes
what spinal cord disorder causes acute inflam of the cord affecting the whole section of cord at affected lvl
transverse myelitis
what part of spine is affected in transverse myelitis
the thoracic spine
what is the cause of subacute combined degeneration of spinal cord
vitamin b12 deficieny
what are signs of subacute combined degen of sc
distal sensory loss and numbness in fingers
absent ankle jerks
exaggerated knee jerks
optic atrophy retinal hemmorrhage
what spinal cord disorder affects half of the spinal cord at the cervical level
brown sequard syndrome (hemisection of the cord)
clinical features of brown sequard syndrome
contralateral loss of pain and temp, 1-2 segments below lvl of lesion
ipsilateral spastic hemiparesis and loss of vibration and position sense below the lesion
occlusion of anterior spinal artery result in infarction of anterior two thirds of the cord contains corticospinal and spinothalamic tracts
anterior cord syndrome
what are causes of transverse myelitis
immune mediated processes
infections, viruses syphilis
systemic inflam disorders: SLE, sarcoidosis
Multiple sclerosis or neuromylitis optica
features of teansverse myelitis
bilateral sensory dysfunction paraplegia
sphincter disturbance ex : urinary retention
tx of transverse myelitis
steroids
causes of syringomelia
chiari 1 malformation- displaced cerebellar tonsils downward thru foramen magnum
tumor of sc
which disorder causes cape sensory deficiet
syringomelia
