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spinal cord and nerve Flashcards

1
Q

what comes from the mesoderm?

A

nervous system

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2
Q

what forms the neural tube?

A

neural plate

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3
Q

how many spinal nerves are there?

A

31!

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4
Q

what are the 5 groups of spinal nerves?

A

C - 8
T - 12
L - 5
S - 5
C - 1

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5
Q

how is c1 special?

A

it goes out into the skull, innervates the suboccipitals

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6
Q

ventral nerve roots are in charge of?

A

motor system

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7
Q

dorsal nerve roots are in charge of the?

A

sensory system

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8
Q

what does the ventral rami innervate?

A

ventral body wall, extrinsic back, and ALL limbs

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9
Q

what does the dorsal rami innervate?

A

intrinsic skin and deep back muscles

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10
Q

myotomes

A

the muscles supplied by individual spinal nerve

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11
Q

neural crest cells differentiate to form the….

A

PERIPHERAL nervous system

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12
Q

the neural tube forms the…

A

CENTRAL nervous system

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13
Q

what connects the peripheral nervous system to central nervous system?

A

SPINAL nerves :)

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14
Q

how does C8 nerve fit in the spinal cord?

A

it goes in between C7 and T1

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15
Q

what movements do c6,c7,c8 do @ glenohumeral joint?

A

M - medial rotation
A - a
D - d
D - duction
E - extension

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16
Q

what movements does the c5 nerve do?

A
  • lateral rotation
  • flexion
  • abduction
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17
Q

what nerve moves the elbow joint into flexion?

A

c6

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18
Q

what nerve moves the elbow joint into extension?

A

c7

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19
Q

what nerve moves wrist joint into flexion?

A

c7

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20
Q

what nerve moves the wrist joint into extension?

A

c6

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21
Q

what nerve works the digital flexion and pronation?

A

c8

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22
Q

what nerve works digital extension?

A

c7

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23
Q

what nerves do the individual finger movements?

A

T1

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24
Q

what are dermatomes?

A

an area of the skin supplied by an individual nerve

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25
Q

at what level does the spinal nerve stop? where does cauda equina (horsetail) start?

A

stops between L1 & L2
between L1 & L2!

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26
Q

what are the layers of the spinal meninges from superficial to deep?

A
  • dura mater
  • arachnoid mater (contains CSF)
  • pia mater
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27
Q

at what level is the spinal cord not hard anymore?

A

it stops between L1 & L2

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28
Q

deltoids purpose [ all, ant, post]

A

yoga poses
reaching overhead
ant: reaching forward
post: putting on seatbelt

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29
Q

deltoid MA

A

ant: medial rotation, flexion
middle: abduction
posterior: lateral rotation, extension

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30
Q

deltoid innervating nerves

A

axillary nerves c5, c6

31
Q

pectoralis major purpose

A
  • reaching forward with body
  • putting on seatbelt
32
Q

pectoralis major MA

A
  • HADD^2
  • humerus : internal rotation & adduction
  • horizontal adduction
  • scapula: moves it anteriorly and inferiorly
33
Q

pectoralis major PA

A
  • sternoclavicular head
  • sternocostal heads of superior 6 rib costal cartilages
  • external oblique mucles
34
Q

pectoralis major DA

A
  • intertubercular sulcus (lateral lip) of humerus
35
Q

pectoralis minor purpose

A

breathing in deeply, walking on crutches

36
Q

what muscle gets tight and causes shoulder to go forward?

A

pectoralis minor

37
Q

pectoralis minor MA

A
  • like pec major *
  • stabilizes scapula by PROTRACTING (moving scapula anteriorly and inferiorly)
  • once scapula is fixed: assist in elevating thorax in forced inhalation
38
Q

pectoralis minor PA

A

near costal cartilages of ribs c3-c5

39
Q

pectoralis minor DA

A

coracoid process :)

40
Q

pectoralis minor nerve

A
  • medial pectoral nerve c8,t1
  • lateral pectoral nerve (variable)
41
Q

pectoralis minor has a respiratory function nerve because it attaches to the…

A

ribs

42
Q

infraspinatus purpose

A

playing racketball or table tennis

43
Q

infraspinatus MA

A

main guy that does EXTERNAL ROTATION!
stabilizes humeral head in glenoid cavity….SITS…

44
Q

infraspinatus PA

A

infraspinous fossa

45
Q

infraspinatus DA

A

greater tubercle of humerus

46
Q

infraspinatus nerve

A

suprascapular nerve C5

47
Q

teres major purpose

A

toileting, perineal care

48
Q

teres major MA

A

(lats little bro)
- internal rotation of GHJ
- adduction

49
Q

teres major PA

A

posterior surface of inferior border of scapula

50
Q

teres major DA

A

medial lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus

51
Q

teres major nerve

A

subscapular nerve c5, c6*
sub to big bro lat dorsi

52
Q

supraspinatus purpose

A

washing hair, painting overhead

53
Q

supraspinatus MA

A
  • assists delts in abduction
  • stabilizes head of humerus into glenoid cavity SITS..
54
Q

supraspinatus PA

A

supraspinous fossa

55
Q

supraspinatus DA

A

greater tubercle of humerus

56
Q

supraspinatus nerve

A

suprascapular nerve C4, C5, C6

57
Q

what muscles distally attach to greater tubercle of humerus?

A
  • infraspinatus
  • supraspinatus
  • teres minor
58
Q

what muscles have axillary nerves c5, c6?

A

deltoids and teres minor

59
Q

teres minor purpose

A

washing back of head and neck

60
Q

teres minor MA

A
  • stabilize head of humerus into glenoid cavity
  • Externally rotate GHJ
61
Q

teres minor PA

A
  • lateral border of humerus
62
Q

teres minor DA

A

greater tubercle of humerus

63
Q

teres minor nerve

A

axillary nerve c5 & c6

64
Q

subscapularis purpose

A

toileting, donning a bra, throwing a baseball

65
Q

subscapularis MA

A
  • internal rotation of GHJ
  • stabilize head of humerus
66
Q

subscapularis PA

A

PA: subscapular fossa

67
Q

subscapularis DA

A

lesser tubercle of humerus

68
Q

subscapularis nerve

A

subscapular c5, c6, c7

69
Q

serratus anterior purpose

A

pushing open a heavy door

70
Q

serratus anterior MA

A

protracts scap
- upward rotation scap
- holds scap

71
Q

serratus anterior PA

A

lateral c1-c9

72
Q

serratus anterior DA

A

medial border of scapula

73
Q

serratus anterior nerve

A

long thoracic nerve C5, C6, C7

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