spinal cord and nerve Flashcards
what comes from the mesoderm?
nervous system
what forms the neural tube?
neural plate
how many spinal nerves are there?
31!
what are the 5 groups of spinal nerves?
C - 8
T - 12
L - 5
S - 5
C - 1
how is c1 special?
it goes out into the skull, innervates the suboccipitals
ventral nerve roots are in charge of?
motor system
dorsal nerve roots are in charge of the?
sensory system
what does the ventral rami innervate?
ventral body wall, extrinsic back, and ALL limbs
what does the dorsal rami innervate?
intrinsic skin and deep back muscles
myotomes
the muscles supplied by individual spinal nerve
neural crest cells differentiate to form the….
PERIPHERAL nervous system
the neural tube forms the…
CENTRAL nervous system
what connects the peripheral nervous system to central nervous system?
SPINAL nerves :)
how does C8 nerve fit in the spinal cord?
it goes in between C7 and T1
what movements do c6,c7,c8 do @ glenohumeral joint?
M - medial rotation
A - a
D - d
D - duction
E - extension
what movements does the c5 nerve do?
- lateral rotation
- flexion
- abduction
what nerve moves the elbow joint into flexion?
c6
what nerve moves the elbow joint into extension?
c7
what nerve moves wrist joint into flexion?
c7
what nerve moves the wrist joint into extension?
c6
what nerve works the digital flexion and pronation?
c8
what nerve works digital extension?
c7
what nerves do the individual finger movements?
T1
what are dermatomes?
an area of the skin supplied by an individual nerve
at what level does the spinal nerve stop? where does cauda equina (horsetail) start?
stops between L1 & L2
between L1 & L2!
what are the layers of the spinal meninges from superficial to deep?
- dura mater
- arachnoid mater (contains CSF)
- pia mater
at what level is the spinal cord not hard anymore?
it stops between L1 & L2
deltoids purpose [ all, ant, post]
yoga poses
reaching overhead
ant: reaching forward
post: putting on seatbelt
deltoid MA
ant: medial rotation, flexion
middle: abduction
posterior: lateral rotation, extension
deltoid innervating nerves
axillary nerves c5, c6
pectoralis major purpose
- reaching forward with body
- putting on seatbelt
pectoralis major MA
- HADD^2
- humerus : internal rotation & adduction
- horizontal adduction
- scapula: moves it anteriorly and inferiorly
pectoralis major PA
- sternoclavicular head
- sternocostal heads of superior 6 rib costal cartilages
- external oblique mucles
pectoralis major DA
- intertubercular sulcus (lateral lip) of humerus
pectoralis minor purpose
breathing in deeply, walking on crutches
what muscle gets tight and causes shoulder to go forward?
pectoralis minor
pectoralis minor MA
- like pec major *
- stabilizes scapula by PROTRACTING (moving scapula anteriorly and inferiorly)
- once scapula is fixed: assist in elevating thorax in forced inhalation
pectoralis minor PA
near costal cartilages of ribs c3-c5
pectoralis minor DA
coracoid process :)
pectoralis minor nerve
- medial pectoral nerve c8,t1
- lateral pectoral nerve (variable)
pectoralis minor has a respiratory function nerve because it attaches to the…
ribs
infraspinatus purpose
playing racketball or table tennis
infraspinatus MA
main guy that does EXTERNAL ROTATION!
stabilizes humeral head in glenoid cavity….SITS…
infraspinatus PA
infraspinous fossa
infraspinatus DA
greater tubercle of humerus
infraspinatus nerve
suprascapular nerve C5
teres major purpose
toileting, perineal care
teres major MA
(lats little bro)
- internal rotation of GHJ
- adduction
teres major PA
posterior surface of inferior border of scapula
teres major DA
medial lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus
teres major nerve
subscapular nerve c5, c6*
sub to big bro lat dorsi
supraspinatus purpose
washing hair, painting overhead
supraspinatus MA
- assists delts in abduction
- stabilizes head of humerus into glenoid cavity SITS..
supraspinatus PA
supraspinous fossa
supraspinatus DA
greater tubercle of humerus
supraspinatus nerve
suprascapular nerve C4, C5, C6
what muscles distally attach to greater tubercle of humerus?
- infraspinatus
- supraspinatus
- teres minor
what muscles have axillary nerves c5, c6?
deltoids and teres minor
teres minor purpose
washing back of head and neck
teres minor MA
- stabilize head of humerus into glenoid cavity
- Externally rotate GHJ
teres minor PA
- lateral border of humerus
teres minor DA
greater tubercle of humerus
teres minor nerve
axillary nerve c5 & c6
subscapularis purpose
toileting, donning a bra, throwing a baseball
subscapularis MA
- internal rotation of GHJ
- stabilize head of humerus
subscapularis PA
PA: subscapular fossa
subscapularis DA
lesser tubercle of humerus
subscapularis nerve
subscapular c5, c6, c7
serratus anterior purpose
pushing open a heavy door
serratus anterior MA
protracts scap
- upward rotation scap
- holds scap
serratus anterior PA
lateral c1-c9
serratus anterior DA
medial border of scapula
serratus anterior nerve
long thoracic nerve C5, C6, C7
