lecture 15 Flashcards
hip abduction
- sartorius
- glute medius
- glute minimus
- TFL
hip adduction
-pectineus
-adductor longus
-adductor brevis
- adductor magnus
- gracilis
hip extension
- glute maximus [from flexed position]
- adductor magnus [hamstrings part]
hip lateral rotation
- sartorius
- posterior fibers of glute medius
- quadratus femoris
- obturator externus
who assists with hip lateral rotation
- glute maximus
- pectineus
hip flexion
- sartorius
- adductor magnus [adductor part]
- adductor brevis [to an extent flexes]
- pectineus assists
who assists with hip flexion
- pectineus
- adductor brevis
hip internal rotation
- glute medius
- glute minimus
- tensor fascia latae
besides external rotation and hip extension, what else does glute max do?
fixes hip joint to help with rising from sitting position
what do glute med, min, and TFL do? [odd job]
keep pelvis level when ipsilateral limb is weight bearing and other limb is in swing phase
knee flexion
- sartorius
- gracilis
knee medial rotation
sartorius & gracilis can accomplish this when knee is flexed
femoral nerve muscles and innervation
pectineus [L2,L3]
sartorius [L2,L3]
inferior gluteal nerve muscles
glute maximus [L5,S1,S2]
which muscles proximally attach at the ASIS
-sartorius [also attaches at the superior part of the notch below it]
- tensor fascia latae
superior gluteal nerve muscles
glute med
glute min
TFL
[L5*,S1]
which muscles distally attach at the IT band
where does the IT band go?
- some fibers of the glute maximus [others go to gluteal tuberosity]
- TFL
IT band attaches at the anterolateral tubercle of the tibia
gluteal lines PA attachments
- glute maximus: posterior ileum to posterior gluteal line
-glute medius: external surface of ileum, between posterior and anterior gluteal lines - glute minimus: external surface of ileum, between anterior and inferior gluteal lines
greater trochanter DA attachments
- glute medius: lateral surface of GT
- glute min: anterior surface of GT
- obturator internus and externus @ trochanteric fossa
- sup and inferior gemelli @ trochanteric fossa
pectineus
PA
DA
pa: superior rami of pubis
da: pectineal line, just inferior to lesser trochanter
pectineus MA
- adducts hip joint
- slightly flexes hip joint
- assists with lateral rotation
sartorius PA
pa: ASIS + superior part of notch inferior to ASIS
sartorius DA
superior part of medial surface of tibia, part of pes anserine
sartorius actions @ hip
- abducts, laterally rotates, flexes hip joint
sartorius actions @ knee
- flexes knee
- medially rotates knee when knee is flexed
IT band syndrome
- over-use condition
- repetitive strain of IT band
- common in runners and cyclists
- friction between the lateral epicondyle and soft tissue causes pain and inflammation
what muscles make up the deep layer of the glutes
do they all stabilize hip joint?
- piriformis
- obturator internus
- sup and inf gemelli
- quadratus femoris
*yes! they all stabilize hip joint
piriformis PA
- anterior surface of sacrum
- sacrotuberous ligament
piriformis DA
superior surface of greater trochanter
piriformis nerve
branches of anterior rami of S1* + S2
obturator internus PA
pelvic surface of obturator membrane and surrounding bones
obturator internus DA
trochanteric fossa, medial surface of greater trochanter
which muscles attach to nerve to obturator internus L5,S1 ?
- obturator internus
- superior gemelli
which muscles distally attach @ medial surface of greater trochanter [trochanteric fossa]?
- obturator internus
- sup + inferior gemelli
- obturator externus
sup + inferior gemelli PA
sup: ischial spine
inf: ischial tuberosity
what muscles are innervated by the nerve to quadratus femoris L5, S1?
- inf. gemelli
- quadratus femoris
quadratus femoris PA
lateral border of ischial tuberosity
quadratus femoris DA
quadrate tubercle on intertrochanteric crest of femur and area inferior to it
quadratus femoris MA
- laterally rotates hip
- stabilizes hip joint
at what level does the aorta change its name?
what does it change its name to?
- T12
- changes into abdominal aorta
what does the abdominal aorta biforcate into
right common iliac artery
left common iliac artery
when does the external iliac artery change names into femoral artery
when it travels under the inguinal ligament
what muscles laterally rotate hip AND stabilize?
quadratus femoris
obturator externus
list the medial thigh group [*adductors]
what nerve are they innervated by?
- adductor longus
- adductor brevis
- adductor magnus
- gracilis
- obturator externus
*all innervated by obturator nerve
what levels make up the obturator nerve
L2,L3,L4
medial thigh group innervations
- gracilis: obturator nerve L2,L3
- obturator externus: obturator nerve L3,
L4 - adductor magnus duo innervated
- adductor: obturator nerve and branch of POSTERIOR division
- hamstring: tibial part of sciatic nerve L4
- adductor longus and brevis: obturator nerve L2,L3 , L4
adductor longus MA
adducts hip joint
adductor longus SA
body of pubis inferior to pubic crest
adductor longus DA
middle third of linea aspera
adductor brevis MA
- adducts hip joint
- flexes hip joint to an extent
adductor brevis & gracillis SA
- body of pubis and inferior ramus of pubis
adductor brevis DA
pectineal line
proximal linea aspera
adductor magnus MA
adducts hip
adductor: flexes hip joint
hamstring: extends hip joint
adductor magnus SA
adductor: inferior ramus of pubis, ramus of ischium
hamstrings: ischial tuberosity
adductor magnus DA
adductor: gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera, medial supracondylar ridge of femur
hamstrings: adductor tubercle
gracillis SA
body of pubis and inferior ramus of pubis
gracilis IA
superior middle surface of tibia [as part of pes anserine]
gracilis MA
adduct
flex hip joint
medially rotate knee when its flexed
obturator externus MA
- laterally rotate hip
- stabilize hip joint
obturator externus SA
margins of obturator foramen and obturator membrane
obturator externus DA
trochanteric fossa
what muscles attach at the pes anserines
gracilis, sartorius
where does the saphoneous start and come off?
- start at the inguinal area
- coming off a femoral sensory nerve [branch of femoral nerve]
what are the borders of the femoral triangle
adductor longus
sartorius
pectineus
what does the lateral triangle contain
femoral artery and vein
femoral nerve
VAN medial to lateral
where is the beginning of the adductor canal?
apex of femoral triangle
what happens at the adductor hiatus
femoral artery and vein go posterior to knee, no nerve lying directly on the bone
adductor canal contents
femoral artery and vein
sartorius
saphenous nerve
what vein is used for
open heart surgery
bypass surgeries
great saphenous vein
big 5 nerves
femoral nerve L2,L3,L4
obturator nerve L2,L3,L4
superior gluteal nerve L4,L5,S1
inferior gluteal nerve L5,S1,S2
sciatic nerve L4,L5,S1,S2,S3
compartment syndrome
fascia of leg compresses on nerves and arteries, fasciotomy needed.
compartment syndrome 5 Ps
pain
pallor
paresthesia
pulselessness
paralysis
