fdjldsajlkjsd Flashcards
The greater sciatic foramen is for…
Whereas the lesser sciatic foramen is for…
Greater: structures entering or leaving pelvis
Lesser: Structures entering or leaving the perineum
What ligament forms the lesser sciatic foramen
sacrotuberous ligament
What ligament forms the greater sciatic foramen
sacrospinous ligament
test Q: What forms the lesser sciatic foramen
Sacrotuberous and sacrospinous ligament
What structure goes through the IT band?
Saphenous vein reconnecting to femoral vein
True or false: The femoral profunda nerve rests on the femur
False, unlike in the humerus, the femoral profunda artery does not rest on the bone
What action is associated with the obturator nerve
Adduction
femoral neck fracture
femoral neck fractures more common in women because of [less bone density, different angle in women]
femoral neck fracture is what type of fracture?
intracapsular fracture
which muscle group starts at the isch tub?
hamstrings
adductor magnus hamstrings
IT Band and TFL
what two muscles attach to IT band
glute max and TFL
IT syndrome
friction between soft issue and lateral epicondyle, oversuse condition
what are the posterior back muscles
psoas major
psoas minor
quadratus lumborum
iliacus
when does the external iliac artery change to femoral artery
when it travels under the inguinal ligament
what is the parent structure of the femoral artery and vein
external iliac artery and vein
where does saphenous start
inguinal area
great saphenous vein is useful for
open heart surgery, bypass surgeries
who are the big 5 nerves
sciatic nerve, femoral nerve, obturator nerve, superior gluteal nerve, inferior gluteal nerve
what does ramus mean
a projection or arch
longest bone in the body
longest muscle in the body
longest bone: femur
longest muscle: sartorius
without the patella, the femur…
knee extension would be limited
patella shape
sesamoid
tibial plateau injuries
pedestrian auto injuries
what is the ligament that passes in the acetabulum
ligament of head of femur
what is the parent structure of the artery to head of femur?
obturator artery
what ligament @ femoral head forms the y
what movement does it resist
iliofemoral ligament
limits extension
knee joint bones
patella, tibia, femur
the most important stabilizing muscle is…
the quadratus femoris
what position is the most stable position of the knee joint?
knee extension
adductor canal
femoral nerve
femoral artery
femoral vein
which one of the quads starts posteriorly?
vastus lateralis [PA @ lateral lip of linea aspera]
where can the IT band get stuck
vastus lateralis
most common patellar dislocation?
what muscle do you have to straighten to pull the patella medially
lateral
VMO
closed chain - to “lock” knee
to lock the knee, the femur medially rotates on fixed tibia to allow quads to extend the knee
closed chain - to “unlock” knee
to unlock the knee, POPLITEUS CONTRACTS, the femur laterally rotates on fixed tibia so flexion can happen
open chain - to “lock” knee
the knee locks by laterally rotating tibia on fixed femur to allow quads to extend
closed chain - to “unlock” knee
the unlock knee, POPLITEUS CONTRACTS, medial rotation the tibia to fixed femur so flexion can occur
what way does the popliteus twist to unlock the knee
how many degrees do the tib and fib twist to straighten the knee
inward!
3-4 degrees
neurovascular bundle
superior gluteal artery and nerve
where does the femoral hernia appear
at the saphenous opening, the small intestine can protrude through the femoral ring.
appears as a mass in the femoral triangle
popliteal fossa
contents and borders
semitendinosus [medial]
biceps femoris [lateral]
AVN
popliteal artery
popliteal vein
tibial nerve
what motion does the ACL limit
prevents anterior dislocation of the tibia on the femur, prevents hyperextension of the knee
what motion does the PCL limit
prevents anterior displacement of the femur on the tibia
prevents posterior displacement of the tibia on the femur
prevents hyperflexion of the knee joint
the crossing of the cruciate ligaments serve as a..
pivot for rotatory movements at the knee
what are the two bundles of the ACL
anteromedial AM
posterolateral PL
