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Neuroanatomy > Spinal Cord Anatomy > Flashcards

Spinal Cord Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Caudal extent of spinal cord in newborns

A

L3

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2
Q

Caudal extent of spinal cord in adults

A

L1-L2

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3
Q

Areas of spinal cord that have enlargements

A

Cervical (C5-T1 due to brachial plexus) and Lumbosacral (L1-S3 due to lumbosacral plexus)

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4
Q

Meningeal layer that adheres to the spinal cord

A

Pia mater

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5
Q

Pial extensions that attach to the dura and anchor the spinal cord

A

Denticulate ligaments

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6
Q

Filum terminale is considered an extension of which meningeal layer?

A

Pia mater

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7
Q

Coccygeal ligament

A

Caudal continuation of filum terminale after it has fused with dura at the vertebral level of S2 and before it attaches to the back of the coccyx

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8
Q

Lumbar cistern

A

Largest pocket of space within subarachnoid mater located caudal to the conus medullaris and containing the caudal equina

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9
Q

At what vertebral level does a lumbar puncture usually occur?

A

L3-L5

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10
Q

What vertebral levels does the lumbar cistern extend?

A

L1-S3

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11
Q

Whiplash injuries usually affect which vertebral levels?

A

C1-C2 and C4-C6

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12
Q

What type of accidents are injuries to T1-L2 usually associated with?

A

Industrial accidents

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13
Q

How many cervical nerves are there?

A

8 cervical nerves

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14
Q

What is a dermatome?

A

Cutaneous area innervated by a single dorsal root

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15
Q

What dermatome innervates the back of the head?

A

C2

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16
Q

What dermatome innervates the thumb and index finger?

A

C6

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17
Q

What dermatome innervates the nipples?

A

T4

18
Q

What dermatome innervates the umbilicus

A

T10

19
Q

What dermatome innervates the kneecap?

A

L3

20
Q

What dermatome innervates the lateral foot?

A

S1

21
Q

What are mixed nerves?

A

Nerves containing both sensory and motor fibers

22
Q

GSA

A
  • Superficial discomfort such as pain, temperature, touch, pressure, position sense, and vibration from skin/muscle
  • CN V, VII, IX, & X
23
Q

GVA

A
  • Deep discomfort such as sensations of fullness/stretch from viscera
  • CN VII, IX, & X
24
Q

GVE

A
  • Subconscious autonomic control of viscera, glands, & vessels
  • CN III, VII, IX, & X
25
Q

GSE

A
  • Conscious control of skeletal muscles

- CN III, IV, VI, & XII

26
Q

Dorsal funiculus

A

White matter, consists of fasciculus gracilis and fasciculus cuneatus

27
Q

Lateral funiculus

A

White matter, consists of ascending and descending tracts

28
Q

Ventral funiculus

A

White matter continuous with lateral funiculus, aka anterolateral funiculus

29
Q

Arrangement of white matter/grey matter in brain vs. spinal cord

A

Brain:

  • White matter = deep
  • Grey matter = superficial

Spinal cord

  • White matter = superficial
  • Grey matter = deep
30
Q

Area of spinal cord grey matter containing the substantia gelatinosa and nucleus proprius

A

Dorsal horn of spinal grey matter

31
Q

Synapses on dendrites of neurons in the nucleus proprius and receives small dorsal root afferents

A

Substantia gelatinosa of dorsal horn

32
Q

Receives many dorsal root afferents and contains interneurons and tract cells that project contralaterally as the STT

A

Nucleus proprius (aka chief sensory/proper sensory nucleus)

33
Q

Area of spinal cord grey matter containing the nucleus dorsalis, IML, sacral autonomic nucleus, and IMM

A

Intermediate gray of spinal grey matter

34
Q

Receives muscle afferents that innervate muscle spindles, projects ipsilaterally to cerebellum as DSCT, and homologous to cuneate nucleus of medulla

A

Nucleus dorsalis (aka Clarke’s nucleus/column)

35
Q

Origin of cholinergic preganglionic sympathetic efferents

A

Intermediolateral nucleus (IML)

36
Q

Origin of cholinergic preganglionic parasympathetic efferents

A

Sacral autonomic nucleus

37
Q

Receives visceral afferents, projects to the IML, and gives rise to sympathetic fibers

A

Intermediomedial nucleus (IMM)

38
Q

Area of spinal cord grey matter containing the Lamina VIII and Lamina IX

A

Ventral horn of spinal grey matter

39
Q

Base of the ventral horn that receives input from descending tracts and is the origin of ascending and descending axons that interconnect cervical and lumbar spinal cord levels

A

Lamina VIII

40
Q

Largest at cervical and lumbosacral enlargements, innervates skeletal muscles, and contains GABA neurons. phrenic nucleus, and spinal accessory nucleus

A

Lamina IX

Neuroanatomy (19 decks)

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